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Biomedical subjects

C Charpin

Publications and source records attributed to C Charpin.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Laminin distribution in human decidua and immature placenta. An immunoelectron microscopic study (avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method).

An immunoelectron microscopic study was carried out on human placenta and decidua with the use of preembedding, the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique, and rabbit anti-murine laminin antibody. Laminin was detected in the lamina lucida of basement membrane of placental villi, amniotic membranes, umbilical cord, endometrial glands, and blood vessels. No positive laminin immunostaining was observed in intracytoplasmic organelles. However, positive immunostaining surrounded decidual cells as a more or less continuous linear membrane. It is suggested that laminin, as a component of this basement membrane-like material that has already been reported in decidual cells, may be related to the hormonal stimulation occurring during pregnancy and trophoblastic attachment.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1985

Herpes simplex virus antigen detection in human acute encephalitis: an immunohistochemical study using avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method.

Autopsy specimens from six patients with clinically diagnosed herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis were studied. Since immunocytochemistry has been reported to be a more reliable and successful method to identify HSV as the etiologic agent, antitype 1 HSV (HSV1) and antitype 2 HSV (HSV2) and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method were applied to brain paraffin sections. Positive immunostaining was observed in front-orbital, mediobasal temporal lobes, cingulate gyrus, and insula. The staining was bilateral but predominant on one side. In neurons, the cytoplasmic staining was prominent in perikarya and processes, less often observed in nuclei, rarely seen in nuclear inclusions. The positive staining was intense in oligodendrocytes and macrophages, in both nuclei and cytoplasm. In two cases astrocytic processes were stained strongly. Perivascular lymphocytes were always negative. Positive reactions were obtained with both anti-HSV1 and anti-HSV2 but weaker with anti-HSV2. This results suggests that, because of its high sensitivity, ABC method permits viral antigen detection not feasible with other methods. However, this method lacks of accuracy for HSV typing mainly because of probable antigens changes resulting from tissue processing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Kappa casein, lactalbumin and GCDFP 70 localization in human breast carcinomas: an immunohistochemical study using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method.

A retrospective study of 67 human breast carcinomas of various types and grades was conducted using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) to localize casein, lactalbumin, and GCDFP 70 on paraffin sections. Estrogen and progesteron receptors also were evaluated. This study demonstrated the following: (1) Casein positive cells were present in all cases with a variable distribution and degree of staining, whereas lactalbumin and GCDFP 70 were seen in only 40 and 43% of the cases, respectively. (2) No significant relationship was observed between casein, lactalbumin, GCDFP 70 and the histologic types of tumors or the extent of stromal elastosis, with the exception GCDFP 70, which was observed more often in well-differentiated ductal carcinomas. (3) No significance was established in the relationship between antigens and steroid receptor content, with the exception of casein; strong casein immunostaining was significantly related to high progestin receptor levels. (4) Lactalbumin and GCDFP 70 were significantly associated with each other, but independently so of the histologic grades and types, the extent of stromal elastosis, and the steroid receptor content of the tumor cells.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1985

[Endometrial hyperplasia].

Atypical and severe hyperplasia of the endometrium is often associated with a carcinoma and, on their own, present a malignant potential which requires a specific treatment, involving an extension of the indications for hysterectomy after the menopause.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Laminin immunodetection in tumorous and nontumorous disorders of human thyroid.

Laminin distribution in tissues from surgically removed thyroids consisting in normal gland (5), Basedow's disease (5), thyroiditis (5), follicular adenomas (8), papillary carcinomas (8), follicular carcinomas (6) was studied using rabbit laminin antibody raised against murine laminin. Immunoperoxidase technique (Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex) was performed on (1) paraffin sections of fixed tissue (2) frozen sections for light microscopy examination. Vibratome thick sections (100 micron) and pre-embedding technique were used for electron microscopy study. Positive staining, was obtained only on frozen and vibratome sections and was found within basement membranes but never in epithelial cell cytoplasm. Laminin had a similar distribution in follicular adenomas, Basedow's disease and normal tissue. Nests of damaged cells in Hashimoto's thyroiditis lacked positive laminin immunostaining. In papillary carcinomas positive staining was found beneath the epithelial cells along the cores. In well differentiated follicular carcinomas the perifollicular laminin staining was preserved, whereas in poorly differentiated follicular carcinomas laminin staining was barely visible or absent.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Immunocytochemical detection of laminin by light and electron microscopy: study of changes in the basement membrane in tumor pathology].

A wide range of normal human tissue samples including cervix, endometrium, thyroid, pancreas, parotid, breast, placenta, gastric mucosae, striated muscle were compared with tumorous and non tumorous disorders (thyroiditis, Graves disease, follicular adenoma, thyroid carcinomas, breast cystic disease, fibroadenoma, adenosis, breast carcinomas) using anti-laminin and Avidin Biotin Peroxidase complex method on frozen sections (light microscopy study) and vibratome cut 100 micrometer-thick-sections (electron microscopy study). It was shown that laminin was located in the lamina densa of basement membranes (BM) in normal human tissue and visible on BM like structures around decidua cells, BM were abnormally thick and often multilayered but continuous and laminin positive in intraductal breast carcinomas and well differentiated follicular carcinomas of thyroid, in invasive carcinomas laminin immunostaining displayed an heterogeneous pattern with disruptions and even may completely disappeared, in tumor stroma, blood vessels BM had a laminin abnormal staining with a multilayered pattern. Since laminin is involved in cell attachment to basement membrane through specific receptors to laminin and to biochemical components of modified interstitium found in tumorous disorders, laminin immunohistochemical detection constitutes a valuable method for a better understanding of tumor cells diffusion and metastases development.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Immunocytochemical antigens detection in human breast carcinomas: a light and electron microscopy study using avidin biotin peroxidase and preembedding method.

An immunohistochemical study was carried out on a human breast carcinoma series with the aim to delineate the technical approach to distinguish the epithelial cells from stromal nonepithelial cells in the primary tumor and in cultured tumor cells. Frozen sections from 30 unfixed breast carcinomas were incubated with mouse monoclonal antiepithelial cell membrane antibodies and then with a biotinilizated antimouse antibody and the avidin biotin peroxidase complex (ABC). Thick (100 micron) sections from fresh, unfixed tissue were similarly treated prior to the araldite embedding procedure for EM study. In all cases the epithelial tumor cells were immunostained in contrast to nonepithelial stromal cells, particularly the fibroblasts. Because standard light microscopy fails to determine the real nature of the fusiforme cultured cells, it is suggested that these techniques represent a reliable method for mammary epithelial cell identification and may further be applied on cultured tissue.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

[Invasion, metastases of solid tumors. Interaction of tumor cells with tissue and vascular basement membranes].

Since early antiquity malignant tumors have been recognized and characterized by: 1) their particular local-regional invasive properties. Developing irregularly from the primary tumor mass, the invasion of adjacent tissues often displays classical crab-like images which distinguish, macroscopically and microscopically, malignant tumors from benign tumors. 2) their metastatic capacities. Even though they have been taught since the time of Hippocrates, the specific clinical characteristics of malignant tumors have only recently been apprehended and studied on cellular and biochemical levels. The development of the metastatic phenomenon is a complex chain of events limited to only a few tumor subpopulations. Like every biological study knowledge has progressed over the past years only by concentration of efforts on some of these stages: Invasion associated with disorganization and destruction of basement membranes; Migration of metastatic tumor cells in the stroma and bridging of vascular basal membranes; Colonization of target tissues by recognition and penetration of specific vascular membranes, establishment and concentric development within these tissues. These three stages result from successive interactions between multiple cellular and biochemical phenomena. This review is a schema of our present knowledge of tumor invasion, and more precisely of that concerning the relations between tumor cells and extracellular matrices, particularly basal membranes, leading to a definition of the cellular phenotype with a high metastatic potential.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1984

Estrogen response of MCF-7 cells grown on diverse substrates and in suspension culture: promotion of morphological heterogeneity, modulation of progestin receptor induction; cell-substrate interactions on collagen gels.

In this study we observed the incidence of hormone sensitivity in the response of MCF-7 cells to estrogen stimulation when the cells were cultured in different contact environments (hydrophilic plastic, bovine corneal extracellular matrix, type I collagen and in suspension culture). The major purpose was to describe the influence of cell to cell and cell to substrate contacts on the morphological response to estrogen treatment. However, other parameters including growth and induction of progestin receptor were also explored, keeping in mind that the MCF-7 cell line, although representative of normal mammary epithelium in that it contains a similar hormone receptivity, was selected in vitro from a metastatic population in a pleural effusion. Although substrate conditions did not modify growth enhancement by estrogens, progestin receptor levels were significantly higher in three-dimensional spheroid cultures in which cell to cell contacts were optimal due to elimination of basal contact. A careful morphological survey of large surfaces lead to an objective opinion of the overall effect of the hormone treatment on the non-cloned cell line in which a marked heterogeneity in the response of individual cells was observed. In terms of morphofunctional differentiation, the edification of acini with dense microvillus coating was best in suspension culture. When sections were made perpendicular to the plane of cultures on collagen gel rafts two other phenomena were noted: decrease in intercellular junctions, resulting in reduced cell to cell cohesion, and accumulation biodegradation products in the collagen lattice. This suggested a hormone-mediated interaction between the metastatic cells and the fibrillar substrate, collagen I, one of the major constituents of tissue stroma. This estrogen response might be related to the metastatic phenotype and must be distinct from their hormone sensitivity in terms of growth and differentiation since hormone receptivity is generally considered to be a favorable prognosis for breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

How culture conditions modulate the morphofunctional differentiation of the human estradiol-sensitive mammary cell line (MCF-7).

The MCF-7 cell line grown on plastic surfaces is widely accepted as a model for hormone sensitivity in molecular biology. However, in vitro results concerning estrogen sensitivity remain controversial. In search of culture conditions most closely simulating the in vivo microenvironment we cultured MCF-7 cells on diverse substrates and in suspension culture. The different factors of the contact environment: (A) influence of diffusive medium, (B) influence of cell to cell contacts, and (C) influence of cell to substrate contacts were considered. Using morphological criteria:phase contrast microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy we observed MCF-7 morphofunctional differentiation under the different culture conditions. Plastic, corneal endothelial cell extracellular matrix, and attached collagen gels imposed a planar medium-aggregate interface. The impermeability of the free surface and the intense basal tension antagonized epithelial polarization. Only at post-confluence did domes and clusters appear above the monolayer. On floating collagen gels and in suspension culture the cells established intimate cell-cell contacts over large surfaces and reconstituted tissular architecture. Three-dimensional growth conditions which approach the in vivo contact environment of epithelial cells should be used instead of the traditional monolayer cultures for assessing hormonal and pharmacological responses of human breast carcinomas.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical study of pheochromocytomas. An investigation of methionine-enkephalin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, somatostatin, corticotropin, beta-endorphin, and calcitonin in 16 tumors.

Immunohistochemical investigations were carried out on 16 pheochromocytomas for a study of their immunoreactivity to methionine-enkephalin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, somatostatin, corticotropin, beta-endorphin, and calcitonin on serial semithin araldite sections. All antiserums except anti-beta-endorphin, selectively stained a variable number of distinct tumor cells. Methionine-enkephalin-immunoreactive cells were the most frequent. The neuropeptide content of pheochromocytomas appears highly diverse and unpredictable. These findings are supportive of the concept of multisecretory APUD cells of neural crest origin and rule out any of these neuropeptides as reliable immunohistochemical markers for tumor chromaffin cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnosis of familial medullary cancers].

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is hereditary in 20 to 25% of cases. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. MTC can be considered as a sporadic form only after a clinical and biological survey of the two parents, siblings and children of the patient, using pentagastrin stimulation test. The authors have studied 36 patients from 26 families. Hereditary MTC with different clinical features, were discovered in two kindreds. The systematic investigation leads to the discovery of 7 cases in the first family, and of 3 in the second. The treatment of the disease at the first stage of its evolution has been possible when an early diagnosis had been made, such as in the second family.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1983

Assessment of viral and immune factors in EMC virus-induced diabetes: effects of cyclosporin A and interferon.

EMC virus-induced diabetes in mice may be a model of human type I diabetes. It is postulated that auto-immune reaction plays a role in beta cell destruction after viral aggression. The use of anti-viral (interferon) or immunosuppressive drugs (Cyclosporin A) could contribute to an understanding of the pathogenesis of diabetes in this model. Early or late administration of cyclosporin A increased mortality and frequency of diabetes in female mice and did not influence these parameters in males despite a reduction of pancreatic inflammatory lesions. Interferon administered at the time of virus inoculation diminished mortality in both sexes and frequency of diabetes in males. These results are against an autoimmune pathogenesis for diabetes in this model and suggest that the virus plays the major role in beta cell damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Calcitonin, somatostatin and ACTH immunoreactive cells in a case of familial bilateral thyroid medullary carcinoma.

Bilateral medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) was discovered in a symptomless patient of a high-risk MCT family. Raised serum calcitonin responding abnormally to pentagastrin led to a thyroidectomy. Grossly, the thyroid showed one nodule in the upper third of each lobe. Light microscopy revealed typical MCT with amyloid deposits. Nontumoral thyroid tissue showed C cell parafollicular hyperplasia. Electron microscopy detected intracellular secretory granules (mean diameter, 150 nm) and typical amyloid fibrills. Immunochemistry revealed numerous calcitonin immunoreactive cells in the nodules, in normal para and intrafollicular C-cells and hyperplastic C-cells. Somatostatin and ACTH were detected in certain tumor cells, but not in normal and hyperplastic C-cells. MCT hormonal production potential is discussed.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1982

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate determinant 19-9 (CA 19-9) localization in 121 primary and metastatic ovarian tumors: an immunohistochemical study with the use of monoclonal antibodies.

An immunoperoxidase study, using the Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase complex method and the monoclonal antibodies, anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and anti-carbohydrate determinant 19-9 (CA 19-9), was carried out on 108 common epithelial tumors of the ovary and 13 epithelial tumors metastatic to the ovary. Primary mucinous tumors were positive in 62% of the cases (benign, 15%; borderline, 80%; and carcinomatous, 100%) with anti-CEA. None of the serous tumors were positive with anti-CEA, but 27% (benign, 23%; borderline, 40%; and carcinomatous, 20%) were positive with anti-CA 19-9. With anti-CEA, 30% of the endometrioid carcinomas, 50% of the malignant mesodermal mixed tumors, 14% of the clear cell carcinomas, 36% of the Brenner tumors, and 83% of the metastatic carcinomas from the large intestine were positive. With anti-CA 19-9, 76% of the mucinous, 40% of the endometrioid, 25% of the malignant mesodermal mixed tumors, 57% of the clear cell carcinomas, 45% of the Brenner tumors, and all the metastatic carcinomas from the large intestine were positive. All the undifferentiated carcinomas were unreactive with both antibodies. Although neither CEA nor CA 19-9 is a specific marker for any type of ovarian tumor or for malignancy per se, the presence of the former antigen can be useful in differentiating serous from mucinous tumors. Moreover, demonstration of either antigen in a variety of tumors may indicate its potential value as a serum marker in monitoring the course of the patient.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Corticolipotropin immunoreactivity in silent chromophobe adenomas: a light and electron microscopic study.

Twenty silent human pituitary adenomas were morphologically studied. Immunoperoxidase methods showed numerous adrenocorticotropic hormone-immunoreactive tumor cells in 14 cases by light microscopy and in one additional case by electron microscopy. Three of these cases were positive for beta-endorphin and one for beta-lipotropin by electron microscopy. These immunoreactions were found in undifferentiated tumors as well as in oncocytic adenomas, and could not be related to the presence of basophils by light microscopy. The peptides so detected in silent adenomas may have no biological activity and may correspond to common precursor molecule subunits.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1982

Immunohistochemical and immunoelectron-microscopic study of pituitary adenomas associated with Cushing's disease. A report of 13 cases.

Thirteen pituitary adenomas were removed from patients with Cushing's disease by the transphenoidal route. All cases demonstrated a typical histochemical and ultrastructural pattern. Immunocytochemical study by means of the immunoperoxidase technique and light or electron microscopy demonstrated 1-24/1-39 adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in all cases, lipotropin/melanotropin (beta-LPH/beta-MSH) in 10 cases, beta-endorphin in 8 cases, and an absence of calcitonin in all cases. In addition, in 2 cases tumor tissue contained a few antiprolactin immunoreactive cells. These ACTH, beta-LPH, and beta-endorphin immunoreactivities may reflect either the peptides themselves or their precursors or intermediate products. The authors also suggest a possible intermediate-lobe-like processing of beta-LPH leading to beta-endorphin production, which may act on PRL cells. In addition, no positive arguments for the existence of a common precursor for calcitonin and ACTH could be provided from this study.

Adenoma↗