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Biomedical subjects

C Carter

Publications and source records attributed to C Carter.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Double--blind clinical trial of adenine arabinoside and idoxuridine in herpetic corneal ulcers.

The results are reported of a fully controlled randomized double-blind clincial trial of adenine arabinoside and idoxuridine ointment in sixty patients with herpetic ulceration of the cornea. Although both antivirals showed a trend towards superiority over placebo, the therapeutic effect did not reach statistical significance in spite of the known efficacy in laboratory animals. Further studies in rabbits are reported; these indicate that systemic immunity may play a role in combating virus proliferation in recurrent disease, and it is considered this disguises the efficacy of topical antiviral therapy in clinical trials, thus necessitating an estimated requirement for approximately fifty patients per treatment group to obtain significant effects. It is concluded that an antiviral is valuable in the treatment of ulcerative herpetic keratitis, particularly in primary disease and in the presence of systemic and local immunosuppression after the use of topical adrenocorticosteroid. In recurrent disease, where a trigger factor is known, experience has shown that therapy can be profitably administered before the onset of clinical disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Acute, subacute, and residual effects of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) in rats. II. Pathology and electron microscopy of liver and serum enzyme study.

This study was undertaken to determine the residual effects of a polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1254) fed to male rats at dietary concentrations of 0, 5, 50, and 500 ppm in diet. The animals were treated for 4 wk (acute and subacute phase), then observed for periods of up to 50 wk following termination of exposure (residual phase). The most significant histopathologic alteration was fatty degenerative change in the liver, which was most marked at 9 wk. Forty-six weeks postexposure, more than 50% of the rats fed 500 ppm still demonstrated fatty degenerative changes. On electron microscopic examination, marked increases in lipid vacuoles and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) occurred with a concomitant decrease in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) profiles in the animals receiving 50-500ppm for 4 wk. Thirty-seven weeks following the exposure period, rats dosed with 50 ppm showed partial recovery toward control morphology (less lipid, less SER, more RER), while those receiving 500 ppm did not. Persistent morphologic alterations included an increase in SER and medium-density lipid material within cisternae of Ser, Golgi and Golgi-condensing vesicles, as well as a decrease in parallel arrays of RER. The persistence of ultrastructural alteration throughout the 46-wk residual phase emphasizes the long-lasting effects of 4-wk exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1975

Elastase and neutral, metal-dependent enzyme activity of human leukocyte lysosomal granules.

A neutral protease has been identified in polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal granules that, with elastase, degrades casein and is inhibited by alpha1-antitrypsin. In the present studies, protease inhibitors were used to delineate the elastase and neutral protease activities against casein, because these polymorphonuclear leukeocyte lysosomal enzyme activities may have a role in lung tissue damage in alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. The highly specific, irreversible elastase inhibitor, N-acetyl-L-analyl-L-alanyl-L-alanine chloromethyl ketone (Ac-Ala-Ala-AlaCH2Cl) inhibited approximately 40 to 50 per cent of the caseinolytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal granule preparations. The chelating agent, sodium diethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA), which does not inhibit elastase in the concentration used, was almost as effective as Ac-Ala-Ala-AlaCh2cl. Preincubation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte granule extract with Ac-Ala-Ala-AlaCh2cl, followed by the addition of EDTA, resulted in nearly complete inhibition of caseinolysis. These studies have characterized polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal neutral protease as belonging to the class of metal-dependent proteases. Its role in the degradation of tissue remains to be determined.

Caseins↗
PubMed1974

Origin of reovirus oligo(A).

Reovirus contains about 1,200 molecules per virion of oligo(A) of chain length 10 to 15 nucleotides in addition to the 10 double-stranded genome segments. Virions purified from infected BHK, HeLa, or L cells had similar amounts of oligo(A) of the same composition, indicating that it is a virus-specific product. Although conversion of virions to cores by chymotryptic digestion resulted in an almost complete loss of oligo(A) and a marked decrease in infectivity, the infectivity could be partially restored by adsorbing cores to cells in the presence of Kaopectate. Core-infected cells yielded virions that contained a normal complement of oligo(A). The results indicate that oligo(A) is not essential for infectivity or required as a primer/template for its own synthesis.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1971

B group short-arm deletion syndrome.

Three cases of the cat-cry syndrome are reported and the literature on Bp- syndromes is reviewed. Although the 4p- and 5p- syndromes have many overlapping features, the cleft lip-palate, seizures, iris coloboma, and other features of the 4p- syndrome, as well as absent cat-cry, are frequently sufficient to distinguish between the 4p- and 5p- syndromes.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗