Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Buckley.
Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis is a rare condition which is being increasingly reported in HIV-positive patients. Many therapies have been used to treat this condition. We report the first successful use of the H1 antihistamine cetirizine to treat the condition and postulate that the specific antieosinophilic action of this drug may explain the beneficial clinical effect seen in our patient.
A 64-year-old female with the cancer family syndrome suffered from multiple malignant melanomas and a malignant fibrous histiocytoma. She has shown unusually long survival which is a feature of these patients.
An unusual case of systemic sclerosis occurring in a patient exposed to the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) is presented. The dermatological aspects of vinyl chloride disease (VCD) are outlined and the mechanisms of pathogenesis discussed.
Cell proliferation can be studied by a variety of techniques. However, most require fresh tissue. To evaluate cell proliferation in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections, the authors immunohistochemically studied 35 tumors and 11 samples of normal/hyperplastic tissue with PC10, a monoclonal antibody directed against proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Results were compared with those obtained with Ki-67 on fresh tissues. There was no significant difference between proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 counts, which were strongly correlated (r = 0.8). Proliferating cell nuclear antigen positivity was easier to evaluate because morphology was better preserved in formalin-fixed tissue. The authors conclude that PC10 is an alternative to Ki-67 in evaluating cell proliferation and has the advantage of reacting with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue.
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We have reported two further cases of metastatic Crohn's disease (MC), one of whom presented with a widespread symmetrical perifollicular papular eruption on the arms and legs not previously reported. In view of the varied clinical appearances the incidence may be underestimated and consequently we feel that more patients with Crohn's disease who develop skin lesions should be biopsied.
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Irritable skin conditions are a source of considerable morbidity in the elderly. In order to deal effectively with the problem it is essential to have a working knowledge of the diagnostic features and treatment of the common skin disorders in this age group.
The location and function of alpha adrenoceptors in the eye are reviewed with emphasis on pharmacological agents and their role in the management of chronic simple glaucoma.
Two patients with severe hidradenitis suppurativa are reported. In Case 2, with widespread and superficial disease without communication with internal organs, there was a good response to intensive surgical intervention. In the patient with hidradenitis suppurativa and urethral fistula formation adequate surgical treatment was not technically feasible and treatment had to be continued for at least 2 years without permanent cure in sight. A search of the literature confirms that this differentiation is important as the cases with fistulous involvement of internal organs tend to have a bad prognosis.
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This study was undertaken to determine if the age related decrease in pupil size is attributable to altered sympathetic adrenoceptor responsiveness. Log dose response curves using the selective alpha 1 agonist phenylephrine and antagonist thymoxamine showed that there is no difference in alpha 1 adrenoceptor sensitivity in the elderly and the young. Therefore age related miosis is not caused by an alteration in alpha 1 receptors with age.
We present a case of liposarcoma in a 65-year-old man in whom the tumor first appeared as a soft, cystic mass at the medial margin of the left popliteal fossa. The mass simulated a Baker's cyst. The patient remained untreated for almost 7 months from the discovery of the mass. With worsening pressure symptoms, a biopsy was done that confirmed the clinical diagnosis of liposarcoma. The leg was amputated, but the patient died 2 years later with clinical evidence of pulmonary metastasis. By presenting this case report, we stress the importance of carefully investigating for malignancy all masses presenting as a Baker's cyst in persons past middle age.
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In view of our previous demonstration that T3 promptly increases the cAMP concentration in freshly isolated rat thymocytes in vitro, we studied the effects of T3 on adenylate cyclase activity in a crude thymocyte plasma membrane preparation. In common with adenylate cyclase in other tissues, the enzyme in rat thymocytes was activated by NaF, GTP, 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate, and beta-adrenergic agonists and was inhibited by high concentrations of calcium. In the presence of 1 microM Ca+2, T3 induced a time-dependent increase in adenylate cyclase activity that was statistically significant between 1 and 2 min and maximum between 2 and 5 min after hormone addition. As judged from observations made at 5 min, the effect of T3 was dose dependent over the range 1 nM to 1 microM. The stimulatory effect of T3 was calcium dependent, since it was abolished by EGTA at a concentration (0.5 mM) that did not alter basal enzyme activity, and the effect of T3 in the presence of EGTA was restored by the addition of either 0.1 or 1 mM Ca+2. As judged from the lack of hydrolysis of added cAMP, phosphodiesterase activity in the assay mixture was nil in both the presence and absence of T3. Both epinephrine and the specific beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol, but not the alpha-agonist phenylephrine, increased adenylate cyclase activity, and their effects appeared to be additive to that of T3. The beta-adrenergic antagonist L-alprenolol, in doses that did not influence basal adenylate cyclase activity, produced a dose-related inhibition of the stimulatory effect of T3 and of the effects of epinephrine and isoproterenol as well. Neither D-alprenolol nor the alpha-antagonist phentolamine had any effect. Various thyronine analogs displayed a rank order of potency in stimulating adenylate cyclase activity very similar to their relative potencies in increasing cAMP concentration in the intact thymocyte. These findings reveal that T3 stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in rat thymocyte plasma membrane preparations. With respect to calcium dependence, inhibition by alprenolol, and response to thyronine analogs, this effect has properties similar to those of the increase in cellular cAMP concentration induced by T3 in the intact thymocyte. It can be concluded, therefore, that the effect of T3 to increase 2-deoxyglucose uptake by the rat thymocyte in vitro, a response consequent to an increase in thymocyte cAMP concentration, derives from a stimulatory effect of the hormone on adenylate cyclase itself.
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