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Biomedical subjects

C Bories

Publications and source records attributed to C Bories.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Primary biliary cirrhosis and sarcoidosis. Association or unique disease?].

The incontestable simultaneous occurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis and sarcoidosis is reported in a 40 year-old woman. The diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis was based on the association of intrahepatic cholestasis, increased serum IgM, high titer of antimitochondrial antibodies and hepatic histologic lesions. In six years the latter passed from bile duct destruction with fibrosis to cirrhosis with absence of bile ducts. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis relied on the presence of bilateral hilar lymphadenopathies, pulmonary infiltrate, tuberculoid granuloma without necrosis in an enlarged cervical lymph node and increased serum level of angiotensin conversion enzyme improved by steroid therapy. Such an association, only three other cases of which have been reported, suggests a link between the two diseases, which could be two localizations of a same physiopathological process.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Does total parenteral nutrition induce gallbladder sludge formation and lithiasis?

To assess the prevalence of sludge formation and lithiasis during total parenteral nutrition, serial biliary ultrasonographic studies were performed during and after i.v. nutrition periods in 23 selected adult gastroenterological patients. All patients were free of hepatobiliary disease before i.v. nutrition. Initial sonograms of 19 patients taken at the 12th day +/- 2 days (mean +/- SEM) of i.v. nutrition were normal. Initial studies for the 4 remaining patients, which were performed on the 39th day +/- 10 days of i.v. therapy (p less than 0.001), showed gallbladder sludge but did not demonstrate lithiasis. Serial ultrasonographic studies indicated that the percentage of sludge-positive patients during parenteral nutrition increased from 6% during the first 3 wk to 50% between the fourth and the sixth weeks and reached 100% in patients receiving i.v. nutritional therapy for greater than 6 wk. Gallstone formation was demonstrated in 6 of 14 sludge-forming patients but was not observed in patients who were sludge-negative. Three of the 6 stone-forming patients underwent cholecystectomy because of complications secondary to cholelithiasis after a mean 43-day course of parenteral nutrition. Analysis of bile from these patients revealed thick bile-containing cholesterol crystals and small stones of mixed bilirubin-cholesterol type. Ultrasonographic studies were obtained for sludge-positive patients after the parenteral nutrition period. Sludge positivity decreased from 88% during the first 3 wk of oral refeeding to 0% by the end of the fourth week. This study, therefore, strongly suggests that bowel rest and bile stasis during parenteral nutrition lead to production of sludge, which can result in eventual gallstone formation. Consequently, during parenteral nutrition exceeding 1 mo, gallbladder stasis should be palliated to prevent cholelithiasis formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Endogenous steatorrhea during total parenteral nutrition. Study of 22 patients with gastrointestinal diseases].

Endogenous steatorrhea has only been evaluated in patients with non-pathological digestive tract. We decided, therefore, to study this parameter in 22 consecutive patients submitted to total parenteral nutrition for severe gastrointestinal diseases. The determination of steatorrhea, creatorrhea, and fecal clearance of alpha 1-antitrypsin was performed by three days stool collections. After 10 days of parenteral nutrition, 13 of the 22 patients still had measurable stool losses and 106 fecal collections were done. In these 13 patients, fecal weight was 610 +/- 130 g.d-1, (mean +/- SEM), steatorrhea was: 3.1 +/- 0.4 g.d-1, creatorrhea was: 1.7 +/- 0.6 g.d-1, alpha 1-antitrypsin clearance was: 58 +/- 13 ml.d-1 (N less than 10 ml.d-1). The mean endogenous steatorrhea was therefore 5 fold larger than normal and creatorrhea 1.8 fold larger than normal. This discrepancy could be due to metabolism of nutrients by colonic bacterial flora. The comparison of patients with and without increased endogenous losses showed significant differences in the mean number of intestinal lesions (1.4 +/- 0.3 versus 0.5 +/- 0.2) and in the presence or absence of ileal involvement (p less than 0.05). A positive correlation was found between steatorrhea and stool weight but not between steatorrhea and creatorrhea or fecal clearance of alpha 1-antitrypsin. This first study of pathological endogenous steatorrhea does not suggest a relationship of this parameter with protein losing enteropathy. The main contribution to increased endogenous losses may be related to increased epithelial cell renewal of the intestine associated with malabsorption. The role of bacterial overgrowth in the gut cannot be ruled out by the present data.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison of three methods of measuring antibiotic sensitivities (author's transl)].

Two semi-automatic methods of measuring antibiotic sensitivities were compared to the disk method for everyday use in a bacteriology laboratory. The reproducibility, compared with 3 strains, proved satisfactory, the highest was the API method. There appeared to be few discrepancies between the semi-automatic methods and the disk method. Part of the latter may be explained by the difference of critical concentrations. Others, routine for a few antibiotics, merit more complete study.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro antileishmanial activity of acetogenins from Annonaceae.

Twelve acetogenins from Annonaceae were evaluated in vitro for their antileishmanial activities in order to search for new lead-compounds having antileishmanial properties. The compounds were comparatively evaluated by the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) determination on promastigote forms of wild-type and four drug-resistant lines of Leishmania donovani. In addition, after testing the toxicity on mouse peritoneal macrophages, the compounds were evaluated on amastigote infected macrophages and a therapeutic index was calculated. The IC50 of the acetogenins against promastigote forms of L. donovani was in a range 4.7-47.3 microM. The most active compound was Rolliniastatin 1 (IC50 at 4.7 microM). On the intramacrophage amastigote in vitro model, only seven compounds exhibited measurable antileishmanial activity with IC50 values in a range 2.5-29.7 microM. Rollinistatin 1 was the most interesting compound with IC50 of 2.5 microM and it appears as the most promising one on the basis of therapeutic index (18.08). Isoannonacin, which is active against intramacrophagic amastigotes (IC50 of 6.2 microM) with a therapeutic index of 2.05, exhibited a strong action on drug-resistant strains (IC50 from 5.1 to 9.8 microM). Acetogenins are a new chemical series with interesting in vitro antileishmanial activity and further studies will be focused on the understanding of this selectivity in regard to the membrane and mitochondrial action using specific probes.

Acetogenins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum and tissue nitrate levels in murine visceral leishmaniasis correlate with parasite load but not with host protection.

Nitrate levels were measured in serum and in organs from Lshs BALB/c and Lshr C3H/HeN mice during the acute phase (30 d) of infection by Leishmania donovani strain LV9. Serum nitrate levels increased rapidly in BALB/c mice from a baseline level (17 +/- 4 mumol/L) to a plateau (504 +/- 129 mumol/L) at 24 d and correlated with parasite loads in the liver (r = 0.817, P < 0.01) and in the spleen (r = 0.854, P < 0.001). Liver and spleen nitrate contents were enhanced 2.7-fold and 22.8-fold, respectively, with respect to uninfected controls (2692 +/- 249 vs. 992 +/- 231 nmol, P < 0.02 and 20 +/- 1 vs. 456 +/- 43 nmol, P < 0.02). In contrast, serum nitrate increased to a lesser extent in C3H/HeN mice, from 31 +/- 5 mumol/L to 86 +/- 5 mumol/L at 20 d. Liver nitrate content did not differ significantly between infected and control mice (1093 +/- 83 vs. 867 +/- 104 nmol), whereas the former had a higher spleen nitrate content (145 +/- 22 vs. 40 +/- 2 nmol, P < 0.02). Our findings indicate that production of NO by the susceptible BALB/c strain exceeded that of the resistant C3H/HeN strain during the acute stage of infection by L. donovani. Tissue NO overproduction in organs infected by L. donovani was related to the progression of parasitic disease and contributed to high nitrate serum levels. It would be very interesting to extend this investigation to human disease with the aim of evaluating serum nitrate as a marker of parasite load in the follow-up of patients suffering from visceral leishmaniasis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Severity of desmoid tumors with retroperitoneal development in Gardner's syndrome. Apropos of 2 cases].

We report two cases of retroperitoneal desmoid tumours in patients with Gardner's syndrome. These tumours are rare and of poor prognosis. In our two cases, the predominant clinical manifestations were caused by compression of the ureters, bladder and nerve roots. In the first patient, the tumours developed after colectomy, while in the second patient the discovery of the desmoid tumour preceded that of a cancer of the colon. Finally, in the first patient, an attempted treatment with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (sulindac) had to be discontinued after 4 months on account of side-effects.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An evaluation of total parenteral nutrition in the management of steroid-dependent and steroid-resistant patients with Crohn's disease.

This study is an evaluation of short- and long-term benefits of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in 20 patients with active Crohn's disease but without fistulae. TPN was done during 42 (14-80) days (median-range) after failure of medical therapy including patients with steroid-resistant (11 SR) or steroid-dependent (9 SD) active Crohn's disease. Efficacy of short-term TPN was demonstrated by nutritional repair and achievement of clinical remission in all but one patients. Follow-up was 28 (8-78) months in the 19 patients (10 SR, 9 SD) discharged improved after the end of TPN. At 1 yr, the cumulative recurrence rate was 26% (5/19). During the follow-up, three patients (2 SR, 1 SD) remained symptom-free, 13 (6 SR, 7 SD) had a partial remission defined as relapse controlled by medication, and only three patients (2 SR, 1 SD) had a relapse uncontrolled by medical therapy leading to surgery. Therefore in our selected population without fistula or abscess, after failure of medical therapy TPN was obviously an effective therapy which avoided surgery. Furthermore follow-up indicated that SD and SR were only transient events in the course of Crohn's disease patients.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗