Behaviour and ageing: offenders aged 40 and over.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
C Barriga
Publications and source records attributed to C Barriga.
Psychiatric services in penal institutions. II. A detailed survey of patients hospitalised on a given day.
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Adult↗
Young adult offenders--ages twenty to twenty-four.
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Adult↗
Carboxylmethylation of insulin and glucagon in vitro.
We studied the methyl acceptor capacity of insulin and glucagon in vitro. The levels of carboxylmethylation of pancreatic hormones (dpm x 10(3], when incubated with S-adenosyl-L-(3H-methyl)-methionine as methyl donor and purified protein carboxylmethylase, were: insulin (n = 6) 8.1 +/- 0.2 and 11.1 +/- 1.5 (mean +/- SEM) for 0.25 and 1.0 mg/ml, respectively; glucagon (n = 6) 17.0 +/- 3.2 and 40.2 +/- 2.5 (mean +/- SEM) for 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml, respectively. On a molar basis, the methyl acceptor capacity was 1.0 dpm/pmol for insulin and 9.5 dpm/pmol for glucagon. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of carboxylmethylated hormones showed a radioactivity (3H-methyl) peak that co-migrated with the corresponding 125I-hormone. Glucagon, but not insulin, seems to be a relatively good substrate for carboxylmethylation.
Adrenal Glands↗
Mechanisms of action involved in the chemoattractant activity of three beta-lactamic antibiotics upon human neutrophils.
The effects produced by three beta-lactamic antibiotics (N-formimidoyl thienamycin or imipenem, cefmetazole and cefoxitin) in vitro on protein carboxylmethylation, cAMP and cGMP levels in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils were studied. These antibiotics (50 micrograms/mL) exhibited chemoattractant activity for phagocytic cells and produced a fast (0.5 min) and significant stimulation of protein carboxylmethylation. They also increased intraphagocytic cGMP levels although no changes in cAMP levels were observed. Since the involvement of the above-mentioned mechanisms in leukotaxis have been established, the stimulation of neutrophil chemotaxis by the three antibiotics studied could possibly be mediated by one or more of these mechanisms.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
In vitro study of the phagocytic processes in splenic granulocytes of the tench (Tinca tinca, L.).
The different stages of the phagocytic process by splenic granulocytes of Tinca tinca were studied. Adherence capacity to both endothelium and tissue substrate, mobility rate, the phagocytosis capacity for both cells (Candida albicans) and inert particles (latex beads), candidicide power, and capacity of digestion measured by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction were evaluated in splenic granulocytes of healthy adult tench. The capacity of adherence to nylon fiber was possessed by 51% of the granulocytes. The percentage capable of adherence to smooth plastic surfaces rose with incubation time. Casein, an effective chemoattractant, increased the random mobility of the granulocytes. Phagocytosis was greater for opsonized C. albicans than for nonopsonized. However, the number of phagocytosed yeast cells destroyed by the granulocytes did not depend on whether or not the C. albicans had been previously opsonized. The phagocytosis indices and the percent phagocytosis of latex beads were greater than those obtained for the phagocytosis of C. albicans in the absence of serum. Finally, the metabolic activity in these cells following the digestion of ingested material showed a 148 +/- 31% stimulation. The results show that splenic cells of tench have the capacity to make a phagocytic response against both cells (C. albicans) and inert particles (latex beads).
Animals↗
Influence of physical activity stress and age on the ADCC of lymphocytes from mice.
The influence of physical activity stress (swimming until exhaustion) and age on the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of lymphocytes from spleen, thymus and axillary lymph nodes in BALB/c mice was studied. The results indicate that the ADCC activity decreases after the acute stress both in young and in old mice. However, when swimming until exhaustion is performed after 1 month training, the ADCC activity increases except in the case of spleen lymphocytes from old mice. The basal ADCC capacity of spleen lymphocytes from old controls is higher (P<0.05) than from young controls, but there are no statistically significant differences in this respect between young and old animals in lymphocytes from thymus and axillary lymph nodes. No correlations between the increase in serum corticosterone levels and ADCC response are found.
Journal Article↗
Effect of prolactin, in vivo and in vitro, upon heterophil phagocytic function in the ring dove (Streptopelia risoria).
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prolactin, both in vitro and in vivo, upon heterophil phagocytic activity of the ring dove, Streptopelia risoria. In vitro incubation of heterophils with either 0.1 or 100 micrograms/mL of ovine prolactin for 2 h-significantly increased both latex bead phagocytosis and Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction, an index of phagocytic metabolic activity. Ring doves given antigen demonstrated an increase in latex bead phagocytosis and NBT reduction. The greatest increase in both of these parameters was observed in those birds which possessed elevated plasma prolactin concentrations, either through exogenous administration or naturally through being in the later stages of incubation. These results suggest that during the incubation period of the avian breeding cycle there is an increase in phagocytic activity which is a direct consequence of the elevation shown by these birds in the concentration of plasma prolactin.
Animals↗
Melatonin and aging: in vitro effect of young and mature ring dove physiological concentrations of melatonin on the phagocytic function of heterophils from old ring dove.
We have studied the circadian rhythm of melatonin in the ring dove (Streptopelia risoria) for different age groups: young (1-1.5 years), mature (3-4 years) and old animals (>8 years). Melatonin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results showed a significant decline in plasma melatonin levels in old animals when compared with the concentrations observed in the other two age groups, in which maximum (nocturnal) concentrations were 300 pg/ml and minimum (diurnal) concentrations were 50 pg/ml. We analyzed the in vitro effect of the physiological concentrations found in young and mature animals on the heterophils obtained from old animals, evaluating the capacity for ingestion and destruction of Candida albicans, and the oxidative metabolism associate to phagocytosis by determining the superoxide anion levels. Melatonin induced an increase in both the phagocytosis index and the candidicide capacity. This effect was dose-dependent. In relation with the oxidative metabolism, a decline in superoxide anion levels after incubation with both concentrations of the hormone was observed. Thus our results corroborate in this avian species the decline in plasma melatonin levels with advanced age, as well as the enhancing effect of physiological concentrations of melatonin on the phagocytic function.
Aging↗