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Biomedical subjects

C Barone

Publications and source records attributed to C Barone.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Ketoalkalosis as a result of triple derangement of acid-base equilibrium in a diabetic patient.

A diabetic patient presented with weight loss, ketosis, and hyperventilation, thus mimicking the clinical picture of diabetic ketoacidosis. Laboratory investigations revealed alkalemia and a pattern consistent with a triple derangement of acid-base equilibrium: respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis. High cortisol level suggested a genesis of ketosis different from diabetes mellitus. The patient died suddenly from acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Autopsy showed a carcinoma of the head of the pancreas with secondary portal hypertension and rupture of varices. Pulmonary micrometastases were demonstrated. It is suggested that stress hormones were the main cause of the 'ketoalkalotic' pattern observed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ACTH 1-17 effects in the chemotherapy of advanced solid tumors.

The effect of administration of a synthetic ACTH analogue (ACTH 1-17, Synchrodyn) in the chemotherapy of advanced-phase solid tumors was studied. In this preliminary report the following data are evaluated: response rate; occurrence of toxic effects; performance status of patients; several immunological parameters. The administration of Synchrodyn seems mainly to influence the lymphocyte subpopulations and the occurrence of toxic effects. A final evaluation of the role that may be played by chronotherapy in the treatment of tumors must await further studies on the clinical response and tolerance.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bolus and infusional 5-fluorouracil combined with cisplatin in advanced gastric cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the main drug used in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Combination chemotherapy is not always superior to 5-FU alone, especially when biomodulators are also administered. In an attempt to exploit all the cytotoxic mechanisms of 5-FU, we carried out a pilot study with a double route of administration of 5-FU (intravenous bolus and continuous infusion) and a multiple modulation of 5-FU by methotrexate (MTX), 6S-leucovorin (6S-LV) and cisplatin (CDDP). A group of 30 patients affected by advanced gastric cancer was treated with MTX 50 mg/m2 and 5-FU 400 mg/m2 as an i.v. bolus on day 1, followed by a 5 day i. v. continuous infusion of 5-FU 600 mg/m2/day and 6S-LV 100 mg/m2/day; on day 3 CDDP 100 mg/m2 was also administered. The regimen was repeated every 4 weeks. Six partial responses (20+/-14. 3%), 12 stable diseases (40+/-17.5%) and 12 progression (40+/-17.5%) were observed in an intent-to-treat analysis. Median survival was 7 months. All responding patients had performance status 0-1. Grade 3-4 toxicity was mainly gastrointestinal, but grade 3-4 anemia and leucopenia were also recorded. The schedule has low activity. The use of different modulators and way of administration of 5-FU does not provide advantages in advanced gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sleep disordered breathing: a new risk factor for accidents].

An estimated 2%-4% of the working population could be affected by sleep disordered breathing, in particular by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The main symptom is excessive daytime sleepiness, caused by sleep interruptions induced by respiratory events. The level of sleepiness varies according to the severity and duration of the disease: from a slight decrease in vigilance to an almost total inability to keep alert for more than a few hours. In addition, there is an increase in cardiovascular risks and dysmetabolic disorders, which has a variable incidence in the affected population. Even less severe clinical conditions can lead to a reduction in the power of concentration, attention and working performance. The recent trend of research aims at verifying the association between risk factors and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in order to identify those subjects at real risk, to determine the actual level of sleep-disordered breathing which should be treated and whether the less serious disturbances, so frequent in the general population, represent a real threat to health.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and staging of gastroenteric lymphoma].

Ultrasonography (US) plays an important role in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up of gastrointestinal lymphomas particularly when associated with complementary techniques such as echo-guided biopsy and endoscopic ultrasonography. Besides the well-known ultrasonographic "pseudo-kidney" image as sign of gastrointestinal pathology, the "spoke wheel" image is suggestive of gastroenteric lymphoma. This lesion is due to the lymphomatous infiltration of intestinal wall that looks ipoechoic compared to the iperechoic lumen. An early abdominal US study performed after clinical suspicion, should allow a presumptive identification of the enteric tract involved on the basis of the relationship between the "pseudokidney" image and the other abdominal organs. US study of the abdomen may be useful also to demonstrate enlarged retroperitoneal or visceral lymph nodes both in primary gastroenteric or systemic lymphomas. Fine needle biopsy (FNB) of deep lymph nodes is mandatory when superficial enlarged lymph nodes are not found showing a specificity and sensitivity of 100% and 66% respectively. The typical image of gastric wall on endoscopic US is constituted of five layers; the second one represents the lamina propria with the lymphatic tissue. The thickness increase of this layer suggest the diagnosis of gastric lymphoma. Therefore the endoscopic US examination is particularly important when the endoscopic features and the endoscopic biopsies are negative. Finally endoscopic US may be used to guide FNB of gastrointestinal tract lesions.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

Primary gastrointestinal Lymphoma is a relatively infrequent tumor, who could be effectively treated with both surgery and chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The design of treatment depends on prognostic factors, namely stage and histologic grade. The most functional staging system seems that of Mushoff, while the recent concept of "Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue" has allowed to correlate the histologic grading with prognosis. Surgery is the most used therapeutic approach in IE and IIE stages, but both chemotherapy and radiotherapy or their combination seem to have similar activity. Adjuvant chemo- and/or radio-therapy after surgery increases survival compared to surgery alone. Chemotherapy is the treatment of choice in more advanced stages.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-risk sexual behavior among young urban students.

A substantial number of adolescents, including many as young as 11, engage in high-risk sexual behavior. In a 1992 survey of 2,248 urban students in grades 6, 8 and 10, 45% of respondents, including 28% of sixth graders, were sexually active; the majority of sexually experienced students had had two or more partners. Among sexually active respondents, however, the level of condom use at last intercourse was higher than expected (71%). Results of multivariate analyses indicate that students in grades 8 and 10 were significantly more likely than sixth graders to be sexually experienced; males, blacks and socioeconomically disadvantaged students were significantly more likely than their female, white and better-off counterparts to be sexually active. The effects of gender and race interacted in some cases, and race and socioeconomic status had significant independent effects on rates of sexual intercourse. While males and black students reported high levels of sexual activity, they also were more likely than young women and Hispanics to have used condoms at last intercourse.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Iatrogenic lesion of the thoracic duct in the neck. Presentation of a case].

Authors report a case of iatrogenic lesion of thoracic duct of the neck occurred during clearing the left latero-cervical zone for thyroid cancer. After reporting the relative unusuality of this complication, authors underline that in the literature there are always more frequent reports about lymphatic lesions in every district of the body due to more aggressive treatments. Although this case has been treated with a relatively simple operation (finding and binding the duct), treatment of these lesions is not always so simple and therefore knowledge of metabolic problems of these disorders, as well as the selection of the surgical strategy, should be always carefully evaluated for recovery of this disease.

Carcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mesenteric cysts: etiopathogenetic and clinical considerations and a case report].

According to the literature authors describe the etiopathology and symptoms of a case of uncomplicated mesenteric cyst observed and treated by simple enucleation. Therefore after describing the peculiarity of this disease, authors underline the difficulty of diagnosis also using instrumental devices such as ultrasound and CT scan. In particular complicated mesenteric cyst is pointed out because it may be responsible of acute abdomen. About treatment of uncomplicated mesenteric cyst the always more frequent use of laparoscopy is underlined.

Abdomen, Acute↗