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Biomedical subjects

C B Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to C B Pedersen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Revision surgery in otosclerosis--operative findings in 186 patients.

Over a 14-year-period 186 revision operations for otosclerosis were performed. In 90% of the patients the indication for revision was too large an air-bone-gap. A number of different surgical techniques had been used at the primary operation. The purpose of the investigation was to describe the middle ear abnormality at the revision operation. Most often adhesions, acentric prosthesis, reobliteration and necrosis of the long process of the incus were found. The middle ear abnormality found at revision operation was correlated to the primary surgical technique used and the information obtained can be of value, when a revision operation is considered. The surgical technique used at revision operation was determined by the operative findings. The best hearing improvement was obtained when a small-fenestration-technique was used primarily or as the method for revision. In revision stapes surgery, the experience of the surgeon is important and centralization of this type of operation is recommended.

Ear Ossicles↗
PubMed1994

Acoustic neuroma. Follow-up of 78 patients.

This study assesses the outcome in 78 patients who had been diagnosed with acoustic neuroma over a period of 13 years. Forty-six patients were treated with translabyrinthine surgery, 13 with suboccipital surgery and/or ventricular drainage, and 19 patients (20 neuromas) were kept under observation. Of the 59 patients who had surgery, four died, 30 had problems with eating, drinking and balance, 17 had severe facial palsy, 21 discontinued their work after the operation and 30 had psychological problems. Twenty neuromas have not been operated upon and the patients have not deteriorated medically or socially. It is concluded that acoustic neuroma is a serious disease and that a conservative policy (wait and scan) is preferable in elderly patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Acoustic neurinoma: observation prior to surgery].

During the period from 1977 to 1989 (both years included) 79 acoustic neurinomata were diagnosed in 76 patients in the County of Arhus. Twenty-four of these neurinomata were followed for varying periods clinically and radiographically. The symptoms of the patients and the results of successive computed-tomographic scans are mentioned. During the periods of observation, four patients were submitted to operation and operation was recommended in two cases. Seventeen patients are still under observation and are in good clinical condition with cessation or limited growth of the tumour in eight. These patients have been observed for between 1 and 13 years, on an average 4.5 years and are characterised by advanced age which averaged 61 years at the time of the diagnosis. The rate of growth of the tumour was calculated to be 1.1 mm per annum on an average with a variation from 0 mm to 4.8 mm per annum. As operative treatment of acouistic neurinoma exposes the patient to a not inconsiderable risk of deterioration the medical and/or socioeconomic status, the authors consider that an expectant and controlled attitude (wait and scan) is justified in elderly patients with acoustic neurinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Epiphyseal dysplasia of the femoral head in monozygotic twins].

We present monozygotic twin girls with bilateral epiphyseal dysplasia of the femoral head (DECF). DECF is a rare condition reported mainly in boys before the age of five years. It consists of a state of non-ossification characterized by flattening and fragmentation of the femoral head. It is invariably followed by 100% healing. The differential diagnosis is primarily from Legg-Calvé-Perthes' disease (LCPD), which, however, occurs mainly after the fifth year followed by aggravation of the symptoms during the following 18 months. This condition leads to secondary degenerative changes in several hips. Although DECF and LCPD may be two entities of the same disease it is necessary to distinguish clinically between them, as the prognosis and the treatment are different.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

[Emergency prehospital treatment of severe hypoglycemia in the Copenhagen Municipality. A retrospective analysis of 180 episodes].

A retrospective study concerning prehospital treatment of 180 consecutive patients with severe hypoglycaemia, treated by the Mobile intensive care unit (MICU) in Copenhagen was performed. A total of 113 (63%) were male. Of these 104 patients had blood-glucose concentrations less than 2 mmol/l. Eleven patients had blood-glucose concentrations between 2 and 4 mmol/l. After treatment with 50% glucose solution: (25-50 ml I.V.), 131 patients could remain at home. During the 24 hour period after the initial event, two patients needed a second treatment by the mobile intensive care unit on account of secondary hypoglycaemia. Four further patients were admitted to hospital; none of these suffered secondary hypoglycaemic events. One case was registered as "life-saving" on account of treatment of severe airway obstruction. It seems that prehospital treatment of severe hypoglycaemia is beneficial mainly because transportation of delirious, abusive patients can be avoided and the workload of emergency-rooms can be reduced. 69% of patients suffering a severe hypoglycaemic event, were treated prehospitally without subsequent transportation to hospital.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Emergency prehospitalization treatment of cardiac arrest in the municipality of Copenhagen].

A retrospective study was performed concerning prehospital cardiac arrest. This revealed that 177 consecutive patients received advanced medical resuscitation by an anaesthesiologist at the site of the accident during the period 01.01.1988-31.12.1988. A total of 61 (35%) were admitted to hospital and 24 of these (14%) survived for more than 30 days. All 24 were discharged to their homes without major cerebral sequelae. After one year, 21 were still alive. Compared with the results of previous studies in Copenhagen, this study reveals that the overall survival rate may have improved and that cerebral function after cardiac arrest seems to have been improved by the introduction of prehospital medically staffed ambulances.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Zinc in the management of tinnitus. Placebo-controlled trial.

To assess any possible beneficial effect from zinc on tinnitus we performed a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind investigation. Forty-eight patients with tinnitus were randomized to either placebo or the administration of zinc sulfate as sustained-release tablets of 22 mg Zn++ (Zinklet). The tablets were administered three times daily for 8 weeks. Every week the patients stated the severity of tinnitus on a number scale from 0 to 10. The levels of zinc and albumin in serum were determined both before and after treatment. Of 48 patients with tinnitus, hypozincemia was found in only one patient. The zinc level increased significantly in the patients treated with zinc. We could not demonstrate any beneficial effect from zinc on tinnitus. One of the essential reasons for this finding could be that the zinc levels in serum were in the normal range previous to treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Dopamine and dobutamine reduce myocardial d-propoxyphene content in experimentally intoxicated rats.

The effect of sympathomimetic intervention with dopamine or dobutamine on the myocardial uptake of d-propoxyphene was investigated experimentally in rats. The d-propoxyphene (19 mg kg-1 h-1) was continuously infused, intravenously, over 45 min. After 20 min of infusion the rats were given either dopamine (12.5 micrograms kg-1 min-1 or 25 micrograms kg-1 min-1), dobutamine (25 micrograms kg-1 min-1 or 45 micrograms kg-1 min-1) or normal saline (control). Each group consisted of eight rats. The myocardial d-propoxyphene content was significantly lower in the two groups given dopamine and in the group given dobutamine 45 micrograms kg-1 min-1 than in the control group (P less than 0.05). This finding indicates the benefit of early sympathomimetic intervention with either dopamine or dobutamine in d-propoxyphene intoxication.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Prognosis and costs of patients with prehospital cardiac arrest treated with respirators].

A retrospective study was undertaken of prehospital cardiac arrest and revealed that mechanical ventilation was employed in 132 consecutive patients after resuscitation. A total of 24 of these survived for more than three months; 14 were discharged to their homes while ten were discharged to nursing homes on account of cerebral sequelae. No patients in whom the cardiac arrest had lasted more than 25 minutes survived for more than three months and patients with cerebral sequelae were more frequently mechanically ventilated for longer than 48 hours. The total cost of treatment for the 132 patients was estimated to be 10,500,000 Danish crowns (approximately 954,000 pounds). A total of 7% of the patients survived with cerebral sequelae but these were responsible for more than 60% of the expenses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Zinc therapy of tinnitus. A placebo-controlled study].

Forty-eight patients with tinnitus of various etiologies underwent a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind trial to assess whether treatment with zinc had any favourable effect on tinnitus. The trial tablets contained either 100 mg zinc sulphate as a depot tablet = 22 mg Zn++ (Zinclet) or placebo. The patients took tablets thrice daily for eight weeks. They indicated the severity of the tinnitus once weekly on a table graduated from 0 to 10. Serum zinc and serum albumin were measured before and after treatment. Out of the 48 patients with tinnitus, only one had hypozincaemia. During treatment, the serum zinc rose significantly in the group treated with zinc. No favourable effect of zinc treatment on tinnitus could be demonstrated. The fact that the serum zinc levels of the patients were within the normal range was probably an important reason for this.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Traumatic middle ear lesions. Fracture of the malleus handle, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment.

Traumatic middle ear lesions are quite common but only seldom mentioned in the literature; an isolated fracture of the handle of the malleus seems to be extremely rare. The appearance of two patients with an isolated fracture of the handle of the malleus within one year might indicate that this type of lesion should be considered more frequently. The traumatic aetiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of this lesion is described and is illustrated by two cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Chronic otitis media and sequelae in the population of Greenland.

It is generally recognized that chronic otitis media and sequelae of this disease are frequently encountered among the native population of Greenland, but the prevalence of chronic otitis in Greenland has not previously been systematically traced. Treatment for this disease has improved and we expect an increased demand for treatment of this disease among Greenland natives. To evaluate the need of treatment the prevalence of chronic otitis media in two large Greenland towns was assessed. The study population included 303 persons aged 11-20 years and 305 aged 41-50 years. Medical histories were recorded and objective examinations were performed using e.g. oto-microscopy. Among the young participants, 8% had chronic suppurative otitis and 14% sequelae of chronic otitis media. Among the older participants, 2% had suppurative otitis and 13% sequelae of chronic otitis. It is estimated, using Scandinavian criteria, that 8.6% of the participants would have benefitted from an ear operation either to stop otorrhea and/or to improve the hearing. The launching of an oto-surgical effort in Greenland is considered justifiable on the grounds of the importance of hearing to communication and the isolation in point of the native Greenland population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The use of a small fenestra technique with the Fisch piston in the surgical treatment of otosclerosis.

The modern surgical treatment of otosclerosis consists of replacement of the sound conducting function of the stapes by a prosthesis. The results obtained in 100 consecutive patients using the small fenestra technique and a 0.4 mm. Teflon and steel wire prosthesis are reported. The surgical technique is described. The hearing was improved in all patients. In 92 per cent of the patients an optimal hearing gain was found after an observation time of 1 to 4 years. Five patients required re-operation during the observation time. The small fenestra technique and the Fisch prosthesis were considered optimal in respect to technical difficulty, hearing improvement and complication rate. There was no sensorineural hearing loss in this series of patients. The absence of serious complications makes it reasonable to operate on both ears in patients with bilateral hearing loss. The results are as good in elderly people as in younger people. Therefore the operation can be offered for patients in all age groups.

Adult↗