Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C B Gerichter

Publications and source records attributed to C B Gerichter.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Response to experimental challenge in persons immunized with different rubella vaccines.

The response to experimental challenge with rubella virus was studied in 113 volunteers, ages 13 to 17 years, immunized with three rubella vaccines: HPV-77-DE-5 and Cendehill (inoculated subcutaneously) and RA-27/3 (administered subcutaneously to one group and intranasally to a second group). The occurrence of side effects ranged from 16% in the Cendehill vaccines to 32% in the RA-27/3-intranasal vaccinees. Antibody response to primary vaccination as measured by CF was significantly lower in the Cendehill vaccines. Challenge by intranasal instillation of RA-27/3 a year later produced no adverse effects. Serologic response was measured by testing for CF, HI, and neutralizing and sensitizing antibodies. Booster response, a fourfold increase in antibody fiter after challenge as evidenced by at least one of the tests, occurred in 67% of the Cendehill vaccinees, in 47% of HPV-77 vaccines, and in only 7 to 11% of RA-27/3 vaccinees. Of 37 subjects exhibiting booster response, 27 had an increase in antibody titer demonstrated by two or more serologic tests; 16 of these 27 were Cendehill vaccinees. These results confirm our previous observations and that of others that the RA-27/3 rubella vaccine has the highest immunogenic potential.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Clinical trial with an anti-rabies human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV).

A clinical trial with an anti-rabies human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) Mérieux, has been carried out by the Government Central Laboratories and the District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel, on 25 persons bitten by stray dogs and cats. These bitten persons were given 6 injections of the above-mentioned vaccine on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90 post-exposure. A through medical examination was carried out by a qualified physician in order to establish the local and systemic side effects. These side effects were trivial and were mostly observed with the third and fourth injections. In addition a neutralization test on mice was carried out with all sera taken on the days of injection. There was a prompt and adequate development of neutralizing antibodies even on the seventh day after the beginning of treatment, and before the fourth injection. In several cases there was a very high level of neutralizing antibodies even reaching as much as 500 I.U./ml. In conclusion these results have shown that the diploid cell vaccine is a very safe immunogenic vaccine and the authors recommend its use for pre- and post-exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Paralytic poliomyelitis in the Gaza Strip and West Bank during recent years.

Numerous cases of paralytic poliomyelitis occurred during epidemic years and in interepidemic periods in recent years in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. During the epidemics of 1974 and 1976, more than 100 paralytic cases were recorded each year. The dominant poliovirus was type 1. In interepidemic years, especially in the Gaza Strip, type 3 poliovirus was the prevalent type. The age group affected were infants and children up to 3 years and 50% of cases occurred during the first 12 months of life. Since 1968, oral poliovirus vaccine has been administered extensively to infants, 2 to 13 months of age. Though vaccine coverage was far from being complete, 3 doses of trivalent oral vaccine were given to the great majority of infants of this age group. Many of the paralytic cases occurred in unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated (1-2 doses) children. However, numerous cases were recovered in children given three and four feedings. Serologic studies carried out on many of the paralyzed children indicated that "vaccine failures" had occurred. It seems that many of the vaccine failures were due to the massive and widespread circulation of various types of interfering enteroviruses. Laboratory tests of vaccine samples returned from the field prove that the vaccines used were undoubtedly of adequate potency. For these reasons we are planning a program of combined use of oral and inactivated vaccine in order to bypass the interference phenomenon.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Six new Salmonella sub-genus III serotypes isolated from snakes in Israel.

Six new Salmonella sub-genus III serotypes (Arizona) were isolated from snakes in Israel. Their antigenic structure was established as follows: S. arizonae 16:Z52:Z35 (Ar.25:26-21); S. arizonae 18:1,v:e,n,x,z15 (Ar.7a,7b:23-28); S. arizonae 21:i:1,5(7) (Ar.22:33-30); S. arizonae 41:c:e,n,x,z15 (Ar.13:32-28); S. arizonae 51:k:z35 (Ar.1,2:29-21); and S. arizonae 53:1,v:z35 (Ar.1,4:23-21).

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Serologic studies in 11,460 pregnant women during the 1972 rubella epidemic in Israel.

A total of 11,460 women in the first 4 months of pregnancy, either exposed to or with suspected clinical rubella were tested for rubella antibody during an extensive epidemic of this disease in 1972. The proportion of women who were seronegative decreased from 25% at the beginning of the epidemic to 16% toward the end. In 542 (79%) of 682 cases with suspected clinical rubella, the laboratory findings were consistent with recent rubella infection, while in the remaining 140 cases of suspected clinical rubella recent infection could be excluded by serologic tests. CF tests were more useful than HI for confirmation of clinical rubella, and especially for retrospective diagnosis, since elevated titers (larger than or equal to 1:16) were suggestive of recent infection. Paired sera were tested from 4203 patients exposed to rubella: 1126 of the subjects were seronegative and the remaining 3077 seropositive (HI larger than or equal to 1:16) on first testing. In the seronegative group, 278 seroconversions were detected (24.6%): 247 cases of clinical rubella (21.9%) and 31 seroconversions without clinical symptoms (2.7%). Among the seropositive subjects in 2306 instances (74.9%) recent subclinical rubella could be excluded by low and stable HI or CF antibody titers in paired sera. In 32 (1.1%) an antibody rise (HI or CF) without clinical symptoms was detected, and in the remaining 739 (24%) high CF titers were found in paired sera, and these were classified as suspected subclinical rubella.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1976

Citrobacter diversus isolated from clinical material.

Forty-seven strains of Citrobacter diversus were isolated during a 12-month period from clinical material obtained from patients in a general hospital in Israel. The majority of cultures (38) were recovered from urine and wound discharges. There was one case of septicemia. The biochemical reactions of all cultures were typical for this species, except one that was anaerogenic, and they could be divided into five biotypes (a through e). Thirty-nine strains were identified serologically and found to belong to one of seven O groups described by Gross and Rowe (1974). All cultures were sensitive to tetracycline and nalidixic acid. All strains were resistant to carbenicillin and ampicillin and produced beta-lactamase.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1976

Salmonella and Arizona from snakes in the Judean desert (1974-1975).

Ninety-four (77.7%) of the 121 snakes captured during the years 1974-1975 in the Judean desert were found to carry Salmonella and/or Arizona organism. Sixty-six snakes (54.4%) harboured only one serotype. From 19 animals (15.7%) both Salmonella and Arizona organisms were isolated. From 9 snakes (7.5%) 2 or 3 serotypes of Arizona were isolated. Only 27 snakes (22,3%) harboured no detectable Salmonella nor Arizona in their intestinal contents.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Antibodies to Herpes simplex virus in Jewish women with cervical cancer and in healthy Jewish women of Israel.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) antibody titers were examined in sera from 39 Jewish women with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (CaCx) and in sera from controls matched by age and country of origin. Highly significant differences were found between the cases and controls for both HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV type 2 (HSV-2). Compared to findings in other demographic areas, the geometric mean titer (GMT) of HSV-1 among the CaCx cases were considerably higher, whereas the GMT for HSV-2 was in the same range. The percentage of HSV-2-positive patients, as defined by the HSV-2/HSV-1 antibody titer ratio was low compared to that found in other demographic areas; this was presumably due to the high incidence of HSV-1 infection in the population. The HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection rate in the Israeli Jewish female population was estimated by antibody titers for 94 healthy subjects. The GMT of HSV-1 was considerably higher, whereas the GMT of HSV-2 was lower, than those reported elsewhere. The association found previously between HSV-2 and CaCx remained true for Jewish women. Their low incidence of CaCx, which did not seem to result from lower susceptibility, might be explained by the low incidence of HSV-2 infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Method for detecting small numbers of Vibrio cholerae in very polluted substrates.

A method is presented for the indirect detection of Vibrio cholerae by the multiplication of two specific bacteriophages: phiH74/64 for El-Tor vibrios, and phage group IV (Mukerjee) for classical vibrios. The product to be examined is seeded in alkaline tryptone water for enrichment, as in the classical method, and is then incubated for 6 h at 37 C. Thereafter, a loopful is transferred to each of two nutrient broth (pH 9) tubes. One of these receives a drop of phage phiH74/64; the other receives a drop of phage group IV. The stock phages are diluted so as to contain about 3,800 plaque-forming units in one drop; this is the maximum amount which, when added to 10 ml of broth, will not be detected in a loopful of 1 mm diameter. The tubes containing phage phiH74/64 are incubated at 42 C; those with phage group IV are incubated at 37 C. After 18 h the cultures are killed by agitation with chloroform, and a 1-mm loopful is deposited on a layer seeded with the detector strains: Makassar 757 for El-Tor phage and V. cholerae 154 for classical cholera phage. After 4 to 5 h at 37 C, lysis appears on the spot areas if there has been phage multiplication in the respective broth tubes. With experimentally contaminated sewage water, vegetables, or stools, 1 to 10 cholera vibrios were detected in every sample. In rare cases, false-positive results were obtained by multiplication of the phage on non-cholera vibrios.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1975

Viability of Vibrio cholerae biotype El Tor and of cholera phage on vegetables.

Different vegetables were contaminated with sewage water containing large amounts of El Tor vibrios, and the viability of these vibrios was studied under defined conditions of storage. During the dry season (summer) in Jerusalem, the El Tor vibrios survived for up to 24 hr on parsley, 24 to 30 hr on tomatoes and carrots, 24 to 48 hr on cucumbers, peppers and okra and two to three days on lettuce, when the vegetables were stored at room temperature. The survival time was longer during the rainy season or during storage of the vegetables in a refrigerator. It was also prolonged on damaged vegetables. The El Tor vibrios survived for only a few hours on vegetables exposed to sunlight. The El Tor vibrios survived for 12 to 24 days in experimentally contaminated sewage water, and for up to 10 days in sewage-contaminated soil. The El Tor bacteriophage persisted for up to 36 days on phage-contaminated vegetables.

Bacteriophages↗