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Biomedical subjects

C B Archer

Publications and source records attributed to C B Archer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Comparison of the actions of kallidin and bradykinin in the skin of normal and psoriatic subjects.

With the recent development of selective drugs acting on the kinin system and the identification of a kallikrein-like enzyme from psoriatic blister fluid, there is now much interest in the possible role of kinins in psoriasis. We have examined the time-course of the inflammatory (weal and flare) responses to intradermal kallidin (lysbradykinin) and bradykinin in normal volunteers, and have compared the dose-response effect of these agents in normal volunteers and patients with psoriasis. Initially, normal subjects (n = 5) received coded intradermal injections of 50 microliters normal saline containing kallidin or bradykinin (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 micrograms). Weal volume, weal area and flare area were calculated at 5, 15, 30 and 60 min by measuring two perpendicular diameters and change in skinfold thickness. Weal and flare measurements were subsequently made at 15 and 5 min, respectively. Patients with psoriasis (n = 9) and normal subjects (n = 10) were given intradermal injections of kallidin (0.1 and 1.0 microgram) and bradykinin (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 microgram) in clinically normal forearm skin, using histamine and normal saline as controls. The dose-response effects of kallidin on weal and flare responses in human skin were established in the study and compared with those of bradykinin. There was wide inter-individual variability for both agents and, although mean responses to the highest doses of kallidin and bradykinin were decreased in psoriatic skin, no significant differences were found between the psoriatic and normal group for kallidin, bradykinin or histamine. Hence, there do not appear to be any obvious altered vascular responses to kallidin or bradykinin in patients with psoriasis, despite the fact that kinins may be generated in psoriatic tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Minocycline-induced discolouration of the sclerae.

We report two patients with minocycline-induced pigmentation of the sclerae. Cutaneous pigmentation is a well-recognized complication of minocycline therapy, but only five cases of pigmentation of the sclerae have been described previously. These five patients have a number of features in common with the two reported here. We propose that these patients represent the most severe end of the spectrum of minocycline-induced cutaneous changes. Patients should be warned about the possibility of the occurrence of pigmentary changes before starting therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The U.K. Working Party's Diagnostic Criteria for Atopic Dermatitis. I. Derivation of a minimum set of discriminators for atopic dermatitis.

A working party of 13 dermatologists, two family practitioners and a paediatrician was assembled, with the aim of developing a minimum list of reliable discriminators for atopic dermatitis. Each physician was asked to select 10 consecutive new cases of unequivocal mild to moderate atopic dermatitis and 10 controls with other inflammatory dermatoses. Each subject was examined by two independent observers, who were blind to the clinical diagnosis and study aim, with regard to 31 clinically useful diagnostic features for atopic dermatitis. Two hundred and twenty-four patients were studied (120 cases and 102 controls). Using the key physician's clinical diagnosis as a gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of each of the 31 diagnostic criteria were tested. Using multiple logistic regression techniques, a minimum set of diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis was derived. These were: history of flexural involvement, history of a dry skin, onset under the age of 2, personal history of asthma, history of a pruritic skin condition, and visible flexural dermatitis. Adjustment for age, sex, region, social class and ethnic group did not alter the choice of final criteria. The discriminatory value of these criteria was also satisfactory when tested against a further sample of 150 patients drawn from the community, who did not have skin disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Erythema elevatum diutinum associated with Wegener's granulomatosis and IgA paraproteinemia.

A 69-year-old man had erythema elevatum diutinum for several years before he developed IgA paraproteinemia and a limited form of Wegener's granulomatosis. This is the first report of an association between erythema elevatum diutinum and Wegener's granulomatosis. IgA paraproteinemia has been reported in association with erythema elevatum diutinum but not with Wegener's granulomatosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Giant primary mucinous sweat gland carcinoma of the scalp.

Primary mucinous sweat gland carcinoma is a rare tumour which usually behaves in a relatively benign manner. This is illustrated by the massive proportions which this tumour reached in the case described, without evidence of metastases.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1992

Diagnosis of lichen planus pemphigoides in the absence of bullae on normal-appearing skin.

A case of lichen planus pemphigoides is described in which bullae and erosions affected the areas of lichen planus only. The diagnosis was confirmed by the finding of linear C3 and IgG deposition in the basement membrane zone (BMZ) of perilesional skin. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed circulating IgG anti-BMZ antibodies and a lamina lucida split was demonstrated by electron microscopy. This case challenges the clinical dogma that the occurrence of bullae on normal-appearing skin is essential for the diagnosis of lichen planus pemphigoides.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Platelet activating factor-induced clinical and histopathologic responses in atopic skin and their modification by the platelet activating factor antagonist BN52063.

The clinical and histopathologic responses to intradermal platelet-activating factor (PAF-acether) in atopic subjects, without evidence of atopic dermatitis are documented. An immediate acute wheal and flare reaction was observed in all volunteers. Histopathologically, the reaction was characterized by a predominantly neutrophilic response, which was seen at 30 minutes and was maximal at 4 hours. Eosinophils were observed in the infiltrate as early as 30 minutes after injection, and were maximal by 12 hours. The specific PAF-acether antagonist BN52063 antagonized the acute flare response to intradermal PAF-acether but had little effect on cellular recruitment at the site of injection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Subcutaneous xanthomatosis.

A patient with multiple subcutaneous xanthomata in whom there were only minor abnormalities of the fasting serum lipid profile is described. To our knowledge, this is only the second published case of subcutaneous xanthomatosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Kaposi's sarcoma in a homosexual--10 years on.

Kaposi's sarcoma is seen in one of several clinical settings. Before the recognition of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the early 1980s, the most frequent presentation of Kaposi's sarcoma in the UK was the so-called 'classical' form of the disease. The most common form of Kaposi's sarcoma in this country is now that associated with AIDS, which particularly affects young male homosexuals. Here we describe a homosexual man who has developed many Kaposi's sarcoma tumours during the past 10 years. The disease has run a benign course and there is no evidence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Extensive spinal hyperostosis in a patient receiving isotretinoin--progression after 4 years of etretinate therapy.

A patient with Darier's disease was discovered to have persistent, asymptomatic cervical and thoracic spinal hyperostoses after receiving isotretinoin for 7 years. The spinal abnormalities have remained asymptomatic but have now progressed following 4 years of etretinate therapy. The development of skeletal abnormalities, in particular spinal hyperostosis, is well-documented in patients receiving the synthetic retinoid, isotretinoin (Accutane, Roaccutane). The occurrence of extraspinal tendon and ligament calcification has been emphasized following long-term therapy with etretinate (Tegison, Tigason), but the relationship between etretinate and spinal hyperostosis is less certain, there being a need for a long-term, prospective, appropriately controlled investigation of patients receiving etretinate. We report a patient with Darier's disease who was discovered to have prominent, asymptomatic cervical and thoracic spinal hyperostoses after receiving isotretinoin for 7 years. Subsequent treatment with etretinate for 4 years did not prevent progression of the spinal abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Actions of platelet activating factor (PAF) homologues and their combinations on neutrophil chemokinesis and cutaneous inflammatory responses in man.

The inflammatory actions of synthetic C16:0 and C18:0 platelet activating factor (PAF) homologues, both alone and in combination, have been compared in an in vitro human neutrophil chemokinesis assay and by intradermal injection in human skin. In the chemokinesis assay, the maximum distance moved by neutrophils in the presence of C18:0 PAF was significantly greater than that seen with the C16:0 compound. A mixture of C16:0 and C18:0 PAFs in a ratio of 1:9 appeared to be more active than in a ratio of 3:1. Intradermal injection of the C16:0 and C18:0 PAF homologues induced dose-dependent increases in weal volume and flare area responses which were not significantly different. Combination of these phospholipids in a ratio of 3:1 or 1:9 of C16:0:C18:0 did not significantly alter the dose response curves. Thus, changes in the chain length of the alkyl substituent of synthetic PAF homologues and combination of these homologues, in ratios found in vivo or formed by leukocytes in vitro, did not alter the cutaneous inflammatory responses to PAF in man. The C18:0 homologue was, however, more active as a human neutrophil chemoattractant in vitro.

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
PubMed1988

Pharmacological modulation of cold-induced pain in cutaneous leiomyomata.

In two patients with painful cutaneous leiomyomata, induction of pain by the application of an ice cube allowed assessment of a number of topical and systemic treatments aimed at reducing or preventing the pain. In one patient the alpha-adrenoceptor blocker, phenoxybenzamine alleviated cold-induced pain. In the second patient, topical 9% hyoscine hydrobromide (an anticholinergic agent) decreased pain induced by the ice cube, but was not helpful in reducing lesional pain due to cold weather.

Adult↗