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Biomedical subjects

C Arnaud

Publications and source records attributed to C Arnaud.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Serum profile of inflammatory reaction proteins in arteriopathies of the lower limbs, stage II].

The serum content of proteins involved in the inflammatory process was investigated, partly through kinetic immunodiffusion, in 85 men subdivided as follows: 45 men (aged 57 +/- 5 years) with intermittent claudication due to arteriosclerosis obliterans; 20 controls matched for sex and age; 20 sex-matched controls whose mean age was 25 +/- 3 years. Patients with obliterating arteriosclerosis had signs of both subacute and chronic inflammation. Compared to controls, they had a higher sedimentation rate, a lower percentage of serum albumine, higher percentages and absolute serum contents os alpha 1, alpha 2 and beta globulins, and higher serum concentrations of fibrin, orosomucoid, C3 complement fraction and IgA. In addition, the modifications of these proteins were closely correlated. These results are consistent with previous reports concerning patients with coronary heart disease. They point out the relationship between inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The pathogenesis of infantile malignant osteopetrosis: bone mineral metabolism and complications in five infants.

Bone mineral metabolism was studied in five infants aged 8 to 22 months with severe osteopetrosis. There were findings consistent with biochemical osteomalacia. These included hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, high serum acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity, high levels of serum parathyroid hormone, and high urinary cyclic AMP. Serum 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 level was high in the one patient tested. Radiographs in all infants revealed rachitic changes in the metaphyses. However, dense bones on radiographs, calcium balance studies, and radio-calcium absorption studies demonstrated markedly positive calcium balance. Iliac crest bone biopsies showed increased quantity of woven bone with abundant numbers of osteoclasts, excessive amounts of osteoid, myelofibrosis, and a decreased number of Howship's lacunae. The wide bands of unmineralized osteoid did not take up tetracycline. In vitro bone resorbing activity due to osteoclast activating factor from cultured stimulated leukocytes was normal. Bone turnover however, was now as evidenced by low urinary hydroxyproline levels. We interpret these findings as indicating there is decreased bone remodeling and resorption in spite of increased humoral stimuli and osteoclasts. Since calcitonin levels were normal for age, the most likely cause of the impaired bone remodeling sequence was defective osteoclast function. We postulate that there may be a common genetic defect in phagocyte cells, including monocytes, neutrophils and osteoclasts, which accounts for the abnormalities of mineral metabolism and previously reported hematologic, neurologic, and infectious complications.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1980

[Behavior of fetal hemoglobin during isoelectric focusing].

The results of isoelectrofusing applied to haemolysates of newborns, a case of beta thalassaemia and a case of hereditary persistence of fetal haemoglobin show that fetal haemoglobin F(alpha 2 gamma 2) can be oxidized into two products. The first corresponds to fetal ferrihaemoglobin (alpha +2 gamma +2), the oxidation product of the four Fe atoms of the molecule. The second, which is called fetal intermedial methaemoglobin, and has the same pH as adult ferrihaemoglobin A1, represents probably a product of partial oxydation of fetal haemoglobin.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

An approach to the structure of thyroglobulin. Hormone-forming sequences in porcine thyroglobulin.

The mixture of CNBr peptides obtained by treatment of porcine thyroglobulin with cyanogen bromide was separated into three fractions by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration in 1 M propionic acid. When one of these fractions was reduced and S-alkylated, a hormone-containing CNBr peptide was purified by filtration on Biogel A-1.5 m and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex. Similarly, two other hormone-containing CNBr peptides were separated from another reduced and S-alkylated fraction by Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration and DEAE-Sephadex chromatography. The three purified CNBr peptides have the same Mr (15000), differ in amino acid composition and contain 60-70% of the hormones present in the initial thyroglobulin. Fragmentation of these peptides into smaller hormone peptides was carried out by trypsin digestion followed by gel filtration. This resulted in the purification of eight discrete hormone-containing tryptic peptides whose homogeneity was established by the study of their N-terminal and C-terminal sequences. At least four sites for the synthesis of thyroxine and two sites for the synthesis of triiodothyronine have been identified in the three CNBr peptides. A possible additional site was recovered in the form of the peptides seryl-triiodothyronine and probably seryl-thyroxine. To gain information on the number of hormone-forming sites in thyroglobulin iodinated in vivo and on the distribution of these sites in the different hormone-containing peptides isolated, estimation of thyroxine and triiodothyronine content of batches of thyroglobulin of iodine content comprised between 0.73% and 1.6% was carried out, together with the estimation of the hormone content of all the CNBr peptides separated from two preparations of thyroglobulin of different iodine contents (0.73% and 1.23%). It was shown that the number of thyroxine and triiodothyronine residues increased linearly with increasing thyroglobulin iodine content in the range 0.73-1.6% and reached six residues of thyroxine and two residues of triiodothyronine/mol protein for a thyroglobulin iodine content of 1.6% with no indication of saturation. This result is at variance with previous findings on porcine thyroglobulin iodinated in vivo which suggested that the thyroxine content reached a plateau of three to four residues/molecule for an iodine content comprised between 0.7% and 1.1%.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

[Determination of immunoglobulins G, A, M, alpha-2-macroglobulin and ceruloplasmin levels in cerebrospinal fluid of children and adults by a nephelometric laser method (author's transl)].

Cerebrospinal fluid, G, A, M, immunoglobulins, alpha-2-macroglobulin and ceruloplasmin levels were determined by a nephelometric Laser method of a control group of 21 adult patients strictly suffering from a "slipped disc" disease. The same CSF parameters were studied on a second group of 90 patients including adults and children with normal CSF proteins levels (< 500 mg per liter). Normal values were established according to the different age groups. Results were given in milligrams per liter and nanomols per liter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Evaluation of the effects of psychomotor reeducation in aged patients with dementia].

Psychomotor re-education has been attempted experimentally with a population of demented patients in a geriatric ward. It draws on the methods employed at the Bel Air Psychiatric Clinic, in particular the principle of transfer of training. To assess the effect, if any, of the therapy, two psychological rating scales devised specially for demented patients, were established by the team of psychologists at the Grenoble Teaching Hospital. These rating scales are based on the theoretical notions of J. de AJURIAGUERRA and colleagues, that is, the concepts of structural analysis, of involution and homogeneity or inhomogeneity. The psychological test rating scale proposed explores four aspects of mental activity : memory, operating mechanisms, visual defects, space perception and orientation. The rating scale is described in detail, with its references, instructions and scoring.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Somesthetic cortex reactivity during sleeping and waking in the rat.

The cortical S1 responsiveness was studied by unique and coupled stimuli of non-maximal intensity applied to somesthetic radiations. The reactivity is highest during sleep with slow waves, lowest during active waking, intermediate during non-active waking and rapid sleep. The recovery of responsiveness presents an exactly opposite form and begins at a long interstimulus delay (greater than 150 msec).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Osteomalacia and celiac disease: response to 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

In this 54 year old woman with celiac disease, osteomalacia developed while she was on a gluten-free diet which had caused regression of her steatorrhea. She was not responsive to large doses of parenterally administered dihydrotachysterol and calcium, but she was responsive to the oral administration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OHD3). The data suggest that 25-OHD3 is the treatment of choice for patients with vitamin D deficiency due to intestinal malabsorption.

Administration, Oral↗