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Biomedical subjects

C Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to C Anderson.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Viewing rehabilitation nursing like a 'magic eye' picture: clinical supervision can sharpen the focus.

This article discusses the contributions of rehabilitation nurses to the interdisciplinary team process. The authors propose that the process of clinical supervision can help nurses examine client interactions in new ways, thereby enhancing their involvement in the interdisciplinary team process. An analogy to a "magic eye" picture is used to encourage nurses to examine the importance of their role within the interdisciplinary team.

Clinical Competence↗
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Co-prescribing of medications used to treat obstructive lung disease, congestive heart failure and depression among users of topical beta blockers: estimates from three US Veterans Affairs Medical Centers.

PURPOSE: To estimate the frequency of co-prescribing of medications used to treat obstructive lung disease, congestive heart failure, and depression among US armed service veterans for whom topical beta blockers (TBB) have been prescribed. METHODS: Prescription data from the computerized medical record systems of three US Veterans Affairs Medical Centers were obtained during Fall 1999 to identify patients for whom active prescriptions existed for TBB and/or drugs commonly used to treat obstructive lung disease, congestive heart failure, and depression. RESULTS: Among TBB users, the estimated co-prescribing rate of medications used to treat obstructive lung disease is in the range of 7.8-9.7%, of medications used to treat congestive heart failure is in the range of 4.3-25.1%, and of medications used to treat depression is in the range of 8.8-11.7%. The total number of TBB users with a concurrent prescription for one or more of the conditions studied was in the range of 30.2-45.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Since TBB may cause systemic side-effects and thus potentially cause exacerbations of selected chronic conditions, it is important for researchers and prescribers to be aware of the frequency with which their patients with glaucoma may have other concomitant conditions.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Failure of dietary restriction to retard age-related neurochemical changes in mice.

Age-sensitive neurochemical measures and estrous cyclicity were studied in female mice from the long-lived C3B10F1 strain fed either a control diet or subjected to dietary restriction (DR) from 3 weeks of age. Striatal dopaminergic D2 receptor density decreased by 25% from 9-10 months to 28-30 months of age in the control group. This decline was uninfluenced by DR. Anterior pituitary dopamine + dihydroxyphenylacetic acid content increased by 2.5 fold with age in the control group but DR failed to oppose this age-related change. In contrast to DR's lack of influence on these two neurochemical measures were findings on estrous cyclicity. Although mice on DR did not display estrous cycles, cyclicity was rapidly initiated when these mice were switched to the control diet at 12 and even at 22 months of age. Thus, limited aspects of neuroendocrine aging were retarded by DR in this long-lived mouse model.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Horseradish peroxidase tracing of the lateral habenular-midbrain raphe nuclei connections in the rat.

Connections of the habenular complex to the nuclei of the midline in the midbrain (interpeduncularis, medianus raphe, and dorsalis raphe) have been studied classically by anterograde degeneration in the monkey, the cat, and marsupials. Passing fibers from the medial septal nucleus and lateral preoptic area, however, have also been demonstrated which can complicate interpretation of these results. In this paper the habenular projections were studied in the rat by the retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). After HRP injections in the medianus raphe nucleus labelled neurons appeared in the lateral habenular nucleus and parafascicular nucleus. Labelled neurons were also found in the lateral habenular nucleus after injections in either the dorsalis raphe nucleus or the caudal central gray substance. The habenular projections were always bilateral. There were no labelled neurons in the medial habenular nucleus after HRP injections in the medianus raphe especially on the dorsalis raphe neurons which have usually been thought of as functionally related to other brainstem structures. The present results suggest also that in the rat the lateral habenular nucleus might be the link between basal forbrain inputs and the limbic midbrain area. Thus, the raphe nuclei of the midbrain appear to be crucial regions for integrating two descending circuits: first, a limbic (through septum) circuit, and, second, a basal forebrain (through lateral habenular-preoptic area) circuit.

Animals↗
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Salmonella prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Four cases of Salmonella prosthetic valve endocarditis have been reported previously in the English medical literature (Fraser et al. 1967; Yamamoto et al., 1974; Shanson et al., 1977; Bassa et al., 1989). This report describes a fifth case in a 62-year-old woman who developed tricuspid valve endocarditis after an episode of Salmonella gastroenteritis, and reviews prior cases of Salmonella prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Bioprosthesis↗
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Teratogenic effects of the endothelin receptor antagonist L-753,037 in the rat.

The studies presented in this paper were undertaken to investigate the effects of L-753,037, a balanced endothelin receptor antagonist with similar affinity for the ET(A) and ET(B) receptors (Ki = 0.03 to 0.12 nM and 0.1 to 3.33 nM, respectively), when administered to pregnant female rats by oral gavage, on the development, growth, maturation, and reproductive performance of the F1 generation. Following embryonic exposure to L-753,037, profound craniofacial, cardiovascular, and viscerocranial malformations were noted in the F1 generation. All of the affected organs are derived, in part, from cranial neural crest cells predominantly originating from the posterior midbrain through the hindbrain and destined for the pharyngeal arches. In contrast, cranial structures derived from the paraxial mesoderm (i.e., basisphenoid) were of normal shape and size. There were no apparent effects on enteric neural crest cell derivatives. Based on the phenotype of affected fetuses and their similarity to fetuses with gene knockouts of ET-1 or the ET(A) receptor, the observed alterations are considered to be a pharmacologically mediated class effect on cranial neural crest cells. The phenotype observed suggests that ET(A) receptor antagonism may have specific effects on cranial neural crest cell migration and/or proliferation.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
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Transmission of the polyoma virus middle T gene as the oncogene of a murine retrovirus.

Polyoma virus is a papovavirus that productively infects mouse cells. In cells of other species, such as rat cells, polyoma virus is virtually unable to replicate, and a small proportion of infected cells become stably transformed. The ability of polyoma virus to transform infected cells is determined by genes that encode the large, middle and small T antigens and which are found in the early region of the virus genome. We have inserted the transforming region of polyoma virus into a murine leukaemia virus (MLV) vector, to generate a replication-defective transforming retrovirus which for the first time allows efficient transformation of mouse cells by the polyoma virus middle T gene. During the life cycle of this recombinant virus the intervening sequence present in the original polyoma virus middle T gene was removed. The recombinant virus that we have constructed is analogous to other acutely transforming retroviruses, and demonstrates that the polyoma middle T gene is a dominant transforming oncogene.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Defining the severity of workplace violent events among medical and non-medical samples. A pilot study.

The purpose of this study was to describe and compare medical and non-medical individuals' violence severity rank for 13 commonly cited events illustrative of workplace violence. One hundred thirty-six college students were provided a short checklist of 13 violent events in the workplace to determine the violence severity rank for each event. Two groups of college students with (n = 69) and without (n = 67) medical background participated. Student and registered nurses (medical group) agreed on the violence severity ranking of all 13 often-cited workplace violence events. Non-medical and medical groups, however, did not always agree on the degree of violence severity, especially for physical and sexual workplace violence events. Differences between groups may be explained by the possibility that nurses are socialized or desensitized in practice to possibly accept some workplace violence events as "part of the job." Gastroenterology nurses can benefit from this study by raising their sensitivity to and awareness of workplace violence in the practice setting.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proactive nursing: the evolution of a task force to help women with postpartum depression.

In response to several women who presented with postpartum depression in 1 year, a group of nurses developed a task force made up of hospital nurses, obstetricians, psychiatrists, pediatricians, family practitioners, lactation specialists, home care nurses, and mental health counselors. The purposes of this task force were to educate health care professionals about postpartum depression, to help identify women who might be affected, and to develop interventions for adjusting to parenthood. This article details the evolution of that task force, and how it has assisted not only the women but also the health care providers involved.

Community Health Nursing↗