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Biomedical subjects

C Abrahams

Publications and source records attributed to C Abrahams.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Abnormalities in the mitral valve apparatus in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis. Autopsy and echocardiographic correlation.

Examination of the heart at autopsy in patients who received long-term hemodialysis revealed the following two changes in the mitral valve apparatus previously almost completely overlooked: (1) fibrosis and thickening affecting chordae tendineae in four cases: in one, severe mitral regurgitation was documented by hemodynamic studies; (2) extensive calcification in the mitral anulus region in two cases, with calcification in the base of the mitral leaflets in one and in the papillary muscle and chordae tendineae in the other. The causes of these abnormalities is unclear. Rheumatic and other known causes all seem unlikely origins of the extensive fibrosis. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is probably responsible for the calcification. In all six patients, these abnormalities in the mitral valve apparatus, which may be associated with functional impairment, were diagnosed during life by M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ocular malignant melanoma in South African blacks.

The incidence of primary ocular malignant melanoma in blacks during the last 25 years in a large part of the Transvaal Province of South Africa is reported. Only 8 cases were diagnosed, 1 uveal, 4 conjunctival, and 3 orbital. During this same period 153 cases of primary ocular malignant melanoma were diagnosed in whites. The rarity of these tumours among blacks is stressed and the reasons for this infrequent incidence discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A light and electron microscopic study of liver and lung tumors induced by a single low dose of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in C57BLXC3H F1 mice.

The effect of a single intragastric dose of DEN was studied in 15-day-old male C57BLXC3H F1 mice. Group 1 was given 0.315, group 2, 0.625 micrograms/g, and group 3 served as a vehicle control. Animals were sacrificed at regular intervals up to 75 weeks. Liver and lung tissue were examined by light and electron microscopy. Mice of group 1 and 2 developed liver lesions ranging from hyperplastic nodules to hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas. The incidence of these lesions varied with the length of observation period. Electron-dense crystalline inclusions of alpha 1 antitrypsin were found in the dilated cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the hyperplastic and adenomatous nodules. The incidence of lung adenomas was significantly higher in group 3 than groups 1 and 2; ultrastructurally these tumors contained both Clara cells and type II pneumocytes. The results indicate that DEN is effective even in a low single dose in inducing liver and lung tumors in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Instillation of steroids in the eye: its effect on lymphocytes in regional lymph nodes and in peripheral blood.

The blastogenic response to mitogens by lymphocytes after topical instillation of steroids was studied in rabbits. The effect on lymphocytes from the local draining lymph nodes and peripheral blood was assessed. There was no effect on the lymphocytes of local draining lymph nodes; however, a decrease in phytohaemagglutinin response occurred in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Alpha-1-antitrypsin in intracellular inclusions of diethylnitrosamine induced hepatomas of C57BLxC3H F1 mice.

Six large hepatic nodules obtained 46 to 74 weeks after a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (0.625 or 1.25 micrograms/gm) in infant C57BLxC3H F1 male mice were studied to elucidate the nature of intracytoplasmic inclusions in the hepatic cells of these nodules. By light microscopy, the nodules constituted a spectrum of lesions ranging from some which were well differentiated adenomas to others which were frank carcinomas. Round or oval eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions were consistently seen in the well differentiated adenomatous lesions. Some of these inclusions were PAS positive and resisted diastase digestion while others were either negative or only weakly PAS positive. By electron microscopy, they were most commonly crystalline, contained a reticulated electron dense material and were located in the distended rough endoplasmic reticulum. On immunofluorescence the inclusions showed marked specific reactivity with antisera against human alpha-1-antitrypsin. The presence of alpha-1-antitrypsin in these inclusions was further supported by the resistance of these inclusions to digestion by trypsin or papain but not by the pepsin or pronase.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Acute haemorrhagic cystitis and glomerulonephritis.

Two patients presented with macroscopic haematuria and dysuria. Cytoscopic examination showed haemorrhagic cystitis. The findings of casts in the urine and of impaired renal function led to renal biopsies. These showed glomerulonephritis with deposits of IgA in the mesangium. No evidence of viral infection was found. A third patient diagnosed on biopsy 9 years previously as having focal glomerulonephritis developed gross haematuria and dysuria. Cystoscopy revealed haemorrhagic cystitis, and deposits of immunoglobulins were present in the bladder wall. It is suggested that haemorrhagic cystitis may occur as part of a syndrome with glomerulonephritis and may be due to an immunological mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The pathology of trachoma in a black South African population. Light microscopical, histochemical and electron microscopical findings.

Conjunctival biopsy specimens from a Black South African population suffering from trachoma have been studied by light microscopy, histochemistry and electron microscopy. A wide spectrum of histopathological changes was noted at different ages. Large cystically dilated glands containing concretions were seen and histochemical and electron microscopical examination revealed that the concretion material consisted of the inspissated secretion of goblet cells and cell debris. The cell damage seen in trachoma may be caused by the release of lysosomal enzymes from inflammatory cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

An ultrastructural study of a juvenile melanoma.

An unusual variant of juvenile melanoma, namely a sclerosing juvenile melanoma occurring on the buttock, has been studied by light and electron microscopy. The diagnosis of a pigment tumour was confirmed by the presence of structures common to these lesions, i.e. melanosomes, intracytoplasmic fibrils and microvilli on the cell surface. The tumour consisted of two cell configurations, namely a multinucleated giant cell and a second cell made up of two separate cells lying in close apposition, the cytoplasm of one cell being dark and the other light. This tumour can be differentiated from a benign naevus by the bizarre histological appearance on light microscopy. On electron microscopy the distinction is made by the presence of the very large multinucleated giant cells, the apposition of the light and dark cells, the scanty melanosomes and the presence of intracytoplasmic lumina. The value of electron microscopy in the determination of the nature of unusual skin tumours is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

HLA antigens in glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Forty-five white patients (32 with open-angle glaucoma and 13 with ocular hypertension) and 63 black patients (41 with open-angle glaucoma and 22 with ocular hypertension) were tissue typed for a total of 38 HLA antigens and the results compared to normal, unrelated, panels of 248 white donors and 150 black volunteers, respectively. No statistically significant differences with regard to the frequencies of 38 HLA antigens were detected among the various groups.

Black People↗
PubMed1979

A detailed analysis of the 1-hour posttransplant renal biopsy. Its value in predicting future outcome of kidney transplants.

A detailed histological assessment of the 1-hour posttransplant biopsy has been made in 65 cadaver and related renal transplants. There was a lack of correlation between the numbers of polymorphonoclear leucocytes per glomerulus, the prescence and severity of thrombi, vascular changes, interstitial scars, the presence of absence of immune deposits, and the renal function of the patients at 90, 180 and 365 days. The only positive findings was a statistically significant correlation between the glomerular tamponade at 90 days and the renal function. This was not borne out at 180 and 365 days.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

Dermal micro-angiopathy in patients with analgesic nephropathy.

Skin biopsy specimens of 10 patients suffering from analgesic nephropathy revealed a micro-angiopathy similar to that seen in the kidney and urinary tract of patients with this disease. It is considered to be part of a disseminated micro-angiopathy. Similar changes were not observed in normal controls or in patients suffering from chronic renal disease due to other causes.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1978

The "Scrimp" technique--a method for the rapid diagnosis of surgical pathology specimens.

A rapid cytological method for the diagnosis of surgical pathology specimens is reported. This procedure consists of a scrape of the tissue and an imprint of the cells and has therefore been termed the "Scrimp" technique. It is simple, inexpensive and accurate and is of value in routine surgical pathology in the separation of benign and malignant lesions and particularly in the determination of the adequacy of surgical excision of skin tumours.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1977

The nephrotic syndrome in Malawian blacks.

This study deals with the nephrotic syndrome in 34 Malawian Blacks, Plasmodium malariae infection and the use of mercury-containing skin lightening creams (Butone 3) must be included among the usual causes of nephrotic syndrome in the Malawian Black.

Adolescent↗