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Biomedical subjects

C A Hanson

Publications and source records attributed to C A Hanson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Fibroadenomatosis (fibroadenomatoid mastopathy): a benign breast lesion with composite pathologic features.

A benign breast lesion with the composite histologic features of a fibroadenoma and fibrocystic changes has been referred to previously as fibroadenomatosis or fibroadenomatoid mastopathy; this lesion is distinct from the typical well circumscribed fibroadenoma that may have fibrocystic changes. The purpose of our study was to ascertain the frequency of this change among 200 consecutive breast biopsies and excisions with a coded pathologic diagnosis of fibroadenoma and/or "fibrocystic disease"; we identified these changes in 23 (11.5%) specimens. The lesion was characterized by microscopic fibroadenomatoid foci intermingled with dilated ducts, epitheliosis, and adenosis. It is suggested that fibroadenomatosis is yet another pattern in the complex morphologic spectrum known as benign proliferative breast disease. From our experience, this particular lesion was often appreciated as a unique finding, but the appropriate diagnostic designation was in question. The natural history of fibroadenomatosis is essentially unknown. It may represent a morphologic stage in the development of fibroadenoma(s).

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1987

Identification of a restriction fragment length polymorphism involving the oncogene ETS-1 on chromosome 11q23.

Twenty four samples of DNA from 23 unrelated individuals were analyzed for the presence of a novel restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) involving the proto-oncogene ETS-1 at an Xba I site. Four samples from unrelated individuals lacked an Xba I site, giving rise to a longer restriction fragment detectable by Southern analysis; two samples were from normal tissue, and two were from acute myelogenous leukemic blasts. Thus, no association could be found between the RFLP and disease among the individuals studied. Pedigree analysis of another cohort demonstrated Mendelian inheritance consistent with a somatic polymorphism. The practical applications of RFLP analysis in clinical and research settings, and the usefulness of this Xba I RFLP in the study of hematologic malignancies because of its location in 11q23, are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Immunophenotyping of acute myeloid leukemia using monoclonal antibodies and the alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase technique.

The leukemic cells from 41 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 17 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were immunophenotyped by the alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase (APAAP) immunocytochemical technique utilizing eight monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) reactive with cells of myeloid origin and seven MoAb reactive with lymphoid antigens. Ninety percent of the cases of AML reacted with one or more of the pan-myeloid MoAb, My7, My9, or 20.3. Reactivity of the myeloid panel of MoAb showed some correlation with the French-American-British (FAB) classification of AML. Five of six cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) were HLA-DR negative; the one HLA-DR-positive APL had a minor population of HLA-DR-negative promyelocytes. OKM5 and/or My4 reacted with 16 of 16 monocytic leukemias. No specific marker of early erythroid development was identified. AP3, a MoAb reactive with platelet glycoprotein (GPIIIa), was specific for acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Immunocytochemistry was also helpful in classifying seven cases of AML with equivocal or negative routine cytochemistry. Two cases of AML had minor populations of blasts detected by the APAAP technique that were immunologically distinct from the major blast population; these minor populations emerged as the predominant cell type at relapse. Two cases of ALL expressed multiple myeloid and lymphoid antigens. Two other cases that morphologically were ALL reacted with only myeloid MoAb; one consisted entirely of immature basophils on ultrastructural examination. Immunophenotyping results using the APAAP technique were comparable with those obtained with flow cytometry. The APAAP technique is a reliable method for immunophenotyping leukemia that complements other methods of immunologic evaluation. The primary advantages of this method include its use with routinely prepared blood and bone marrow smears and the ability to correlate immunocytochemical reactions with morphology.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Bone marrow manifestations of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. A study of 30 cases.

Morphologic and clinical features of 30 patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) were studied with particular attention to bone marrow and blood manifestations. Twenty-four (80%) patients had marrow involvement with lymphoma in trephine biopsies at initial diagnosis; two other patients subsequently developed marrow involvement. The bone marrow lesions were diffuse in 58% of the cases and focal, nonparatrabecular in 42%. A morphologic spectrum of lymphoma cells was seen with cases classified into small cell, mixed cell, and large cell/immunoblastic lymphoma. The bone marrow lesions were characterized by a heteromorphous population of lymphocytes, prominent vascularity with endothelial cell proliferation, reticulin fibrosis, and a polycellular infiltrate composed of plasma cells, eosinophils, and histiocytes. The histopathologic features in bone marrow biopsies were not pathognomonic for PTCL; the differential diagnosis may include non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of B-cell type, polymorphous reactive lymphoid lesions, including those from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, Hodgkin's disease, and systemic mastocytosis. The patients ranged in age from 13 to 81 years (median, 61 years) and generally presented with constitutional symptoms, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Abnormalities in one or more hematologic parameters were common and, in general, related to the degree of bone marrow involvement. Hypocalcemia was found in 40% of the patients studied and hypercalcemia in 4%. The median survival for PTCL patients was 11 months. Patients with small cell lymphoma, large cell/immunoblastic lymphoma, and marked eosinophilia had the shortest median survivals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Gastric antisecretory and pharmacologic properties of N,N-dimethyl-N'-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl)-N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyridyl)ur ea (L-634,366).

N,N-Dimethyl-N'-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl)-N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyridyl)urea (L-634,366) was selected from a series of pyridylurea compounds with antisecretory activity as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of ulcer disease. L-634,366 was an effective inhibitor of gastric secretion evoked by gastrin, histamine and 2-desoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) in conscious dogs. Orally, L-634,366 was slightly less potent than the reference H2 receptor blocker, cimetidine as an inhibitor of secretion evoked by histamine, but was equipotent as an inhibitor of secretion evoked by gastrin and 2-DG. In vitro L-634,366 was a weak antagonist of histamine (H2) receptor responses in the guinea-pig atria and rat uterus; in the atria the antagonism appeared to be noncompetitive. In the anesthetized dog, L-634,366 possessed weak anticholinergic activity as compared to atropine in reducing vagally mediated cardiovascular, antral motor responses and with regard to antagonizing the pressor response to the muscarinic stimulant, McN 343-A. The anticholinergic activity of L-634,366 was lower and more selective than that of pirenzepine or atropine in producing mydriasis in mice, in antagonizing acetylcholine induced bradycardia in guinea-pig atria, methacholine and acetylcholine elicited contractions in the guinea-pig ileum and QNB binding to muscarinic receptors. L-634,366, like carbenoxolone, increased incorporation of 3H-glucosamine in gastric mucous indicating an increase in synthesis or turnover of mucous. L-634,366 is a novel compound possessing a broad spectrum of antisecretory activity; in vitro studies suggested a weak noncompetitive inhibition of the histamine-H2 receptor in atria.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Apparent irreversible H2-receptor blocking and prolonged gastric antisecretory activities of 3-N-(3-[3-(1-piperidinomethyl)phenoxy]propyl) amino-4-amino-1,2,5-thiadiazole-1-oxide (L-643, 441).

L-643,441 is a highly potent histamine H2-receptor antagonist in guinea-pig atria, acting via a unique mechanism. Unlike ranitidine, the onset of action of this compound was slow and its inhibitory action persisted after repeated washing of the tissues. Preincubation of atria with ranitidine, however, protected the H2-receptor from the apparently irreversible antagonism of L-643,441. H2-receptor antagonism produced by L-643,441 was not surmountable by increasing the concentration of dimaprit. The compound did not alter the response of this tissue to isoproterenol or affect basal atrial rate under conditions in which maximal H2-receptor blockade was achieved. In dogs, L-643,441 was effective both orally and i.v. in inhibiting gastric acid secretion evoked by histamine, gastrin, 2-deoxy-D-glucose and food. Orally, it was equipotent with ranitidine against histamine-induced secretion, but the duration of action of L-643,441 was substantially longer.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Synthesis and secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin subunits by cultured human malignant cells.

The synthesis and secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) subunits have been studied by pulse-chase techniques in JAR choriocarcinoma cells, which produce both the alpha and beta subunits of hCG "eutopically," that is, as part of their expected repertoire of gene products, and in three cell lines that produce either alpha or beta subunit "ectopically." JAR cells contain two intracellular forms of the alpha subunit (Mr = 15,000 and 18,000) and of the beta subunit (Mr = 18,000 and 24,000) but do not accumulate fully processed, "mature" alpha (Mr = 22,000) or beta (Mr = 34,000) subunits during chase of pulse-labeled cells. Mature subunits, however, are secreted into the culture medium during this time. Thus, secretion of mature subunits appears to occur rapidly after processing of the intracellular forms. Two cell lines that ectopically secrete alpha but not beta subunit, ChaGo bronchogenic carcinoma cells and HeLa S3 cervical carcinoma cells, also contain the Mr = 15,000 and 18,000 intracellular forms of alpha subunit and appear to accumulate mature alpha subunit intracellularly. The CBT cell line, derived from a glioblastoma multiforme, produces the Mr = 18,000 and 24,000 intracellular forms of beta subunit with no evidence for alpha subunit synthesis or secretion. These four cell lines should provide "biologic reagents" for the further study of alpha and beta subunit processing and secretion.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1980

Administrative organization and function during the identification process for mass disasters--Canary Islands crash.

The administrative functions associated with large-scale medical and identification efforts in accident investigations are substantial and contribute directly to the overall conduct of the operation. We envisioned the administrative role as one primarily responsible for integration of all antemortem and postmortem information. This required each individual involved to be thoroughly familiar with the data. This required constructions of numerous lists, charts, and records. Secondly, its role involved data storage to document the identifications made. Finally, its role required summary status reporting both during and after the main investigation. Fortunately, we haven't had many accidents the size of the one occuring in the Canary Islands. However, this leaves us with little corporate knowledge on handling administrative matters. This article is designed to explain the who, what, why, and how administration was handled in this accident, and the lessons we learned.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1980

Summary of the means used to positively identify the American victims in the Canary Islands crash.

On board the Pan American aircraft, 326 were killed as a result of the collision with the KLM aircraft at Santa Cruz de Tenerife airport in the Canary Islands on 27 March, 1977. Of the remains returned to the United States, 212 were identified as Americans from the Pan Am, four from the KLm aircraft. Dental comparison provided the principal means of identification, especially ante- and post-mortem radiographs. Medical X-rays were extremely useful and provided the next most frequently used means of identification. Fingerprints, medical finding, and personal effects were also used, but less extensively than might be expected. The severe charring and the inability to prove conclusively to whom many of the personal effects belonged accounted for these differences. The use of medical X-rays for identification was possible in large part because many of the passengers were older and had numerous antemortem X-rays available for comparison.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1979

Synthesis and processing of human chorionic gonadotropin subunits in cultured choriocarcinoma cells.

Pulse and pulse-chase experiments have identified the presence of partially glycosylated precursors of the alpha and beta subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in cultured JAR choriocarcinoma cells. The alpha subunit precursor has an apparent molecular weight (by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) of 18,000 (compared to 22,000 for fully processed alpha subunit); the beta subunit precursor has an apparent molecular weight of 24,000 (fully processed, 34,000). Both of these precursors appear to have an intracellular half-life of at least 1 hr and to contain the mannose core but not the terminal carbohydrate sequences. Fully processed alpha and beta subunits do not accumulate intracellularly, indicating that further processing of the precursors is followed by rapid secretion.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1979

Correlation of choice reaction time performance with biorhythmic criticality and cycle phase.

The biorhythm theory correlates behavior to physical, emotional, and intellectual cycles. It states that an individual's behavior is influenced by these three cycles which begin at the moment of birth and operate thereafter simultaneously. The theory is commonly tested when the occurrence of accidents is compared to the phase of the biorhythm cycles. If the theory is true, more accidents would occur on a critical day than would be expected by a random distribution. A second method to test the theory is used in this paper, where actual performance of a laboratory task is correlated with the phases of the cycle. Performance was measured in a choice reaction time (CRT) task with each task composed of 400 light flashes. The methods and results are presented and discussed. The conclusion reached from analyses of the data was that performance in the CRT task was no influenced by biorhythms.

Achievement↗
PubMed1977

Type C viral gag gene expression in chicken embryo fibroblasts and avian sarcoma virus-transformed mammalian cells.

Sensitive radioimmunoassays were developed for avian type C viral gag gene-coded proteins. These assays were used to examine the restriction to virus production by avian embryo cells and mammalian cells transformed by avian sarcoma viruses. The results indicate that although a high-molecular-weight primary translational product of the gag gene is expressed, its cleavage and processing are incomplete. Furthermore, analysis of intermediate cleavage products provided information regarding the order of sequences coding for the individual viral proteins within the avian type C viral gag gene.

Alpharetrovirus↗