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Biomedical subjects

B Wu

Publications and source records attributed to B Wu.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase during hemorrhagic shock increases hepatic injury.

The function of nitric oxide (NO) in hemorrhagic shock is controversial. Increased NO synthesis has been temporally correlated with severe shock and has been associated with vascular hyporeactivity to vasoconstrictor agents in isolated vascular rings. Its role in local tissue perfusion, however, is unknown. We studied the role of NO in shock-induced hepatic injury in a rodent model of decompensated hemorrhagic shock by inhibiting its synthesis with Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). L-NAME infusion (5 micrograms/kg/min) increased the shock-induced hepatic injury and this effect was reversible with L-arginine. L-NAME had only transient effects on systemic mean arterial blood pressure, which quickly returned to pre-L-NAME levels. We conclude that NO synthesis serves a protective function in preventing shock-induced hepatic injury and we postulate that this effect may be due to modulation of the local hepatic circulation.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1995

Use of non-subjective analysis of lens transparency in experimental radiation cataract research.

Historically the major impediment to radiation cataract follow-up has been the necessarily subjective nature of assessing the degree of lens transparency. This has spurred the development of instruments which produce video images amenable to digital analysis. One such system, the Zeiss Scheimpflug slit lamp measuring system (SLC), was incorporated into our ongoing studies of radiation cataractogenesis. It was found that the Zeiss SLC measuring system has high resolution and permits the acquisition of reproducible images of the anterior segment of the eye. Our results, based on about 650 images of lenses followed over a period of 91 weeks of radiation cataract development, showed that the changes in the light scatter of the lens correlated well with conventional assessment of radiation cataracts with the added advantages of objectivity, permanent and transportable records and linearity as cataracts become more severe. This continuous data acquisition, commencing with cataract onset, can proceed through more advanced stages. The SLC exhibits much greater sensitivity reflected in a continuously progressive severity thereby avoiding the artifactual plateaus in staging which occur using conventional scoring methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy outcomes in Medicare beneficiaries in member states of the Large State PRO Consortium.

To determine the incidence of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and open cholecystectomy (OC) and some of their possible outcomes (complications, mortality, 30-day readmission) in the general population of senior citizens, we examined Medicare claims data for beneficiaries 65 years and older in eight states. Billing data for all cholecystectomies (ICD9-CM 51.22, 51.23) performed on an inpatient basis in those states on Medicare beneficiaries age 65 and older during fiscal year 1992 were examined. The incidence of LC in each state ranged from 2.1 to 3.2/1,000, whereas the incidence of OC ranged from 2.2 to 3.5/1,000. Eleven and one-half percent of LC patients suffered at least one perioperative complications, as did 21.5% of OC patients. There was considerable interstate variation in complication rates. In-hospital mortality was about five times greater of OC (4.5%) than for LC (0.9%). Patients who underwent OC were more likely (9.2%) to be readmitted within 30 days than were LC patients (7.0%). LC seems to be at least as safe as OC in the elderly population. Analyzing Medicare claims data can be useful in uncovering geographic variations in cholecystectomy practice.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[The relationship between serum PSA value and the weight of the inner gland of the prostate in the cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

BACKGROUND: To study reasons why serum PSA value (Markit-F) elevates in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: The relationship between total prostatic weight and the outer gland weight in 48 cases of BPH undergoing subcapsular prostatectomy was studied by ultrasound measurement. PSA was compared with prostatic weight, inner gland weight, outer gland weight, growth speed of the inner gland and age in the 48 cases. RESULTS: 1) The weight of the outer gland increased slightly in proportion to the development of BPH. However, the increase was not significant statistically. 2) PSA correlated with the inner gland weight and growing speed of the inner gland well. 3) PSA did not correlate with the outer gland weight and age. CONCLUSIONS: It is well known that PSA elevates not only in the cases of prostatic cancer but also in the cases of BPH and that PSA correlates with the whole prostatic weight. This study revealed that the elevation of PSA in the cases of BPH was caused by enlargement of the inner gland.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[A clinical analysis of intramuscular hemangioma in oral and maxillofacial regions: Report of 59 cases]

From 1978 to 1992,the clinical data of 59 patients with intramuscular hemangioma in oral and maxillofacial regions were reviewed and analysed.The average age and the duration were 23 years old and eight years respectively.All patients were treated surgically,53 cases (89.83%)were completely resected and those of other 6 cases(10.1%) partially resected without any complications,Follow-up for 11 months to 12 years showed that 2 cases relapsed,and thus the cure rate was 96.6%(57/59),The author affirmed the significance of surgical operation in treatment and put forward the view of classification of hemangioma the vascular deformities.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of BBN on the small intestine transplanted to the urinary bladder of rat].

The effect of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) on the small intestine in rat, in which augmentation cystoplasty was performed, was examined. Seventeen rats were divided into 3 groups: 1) jejunum-transplanted group (5 cases), 2) ileum-transplanted group (6 cases) and 3) control group without operation (6 cases). A part of the small intestine was transplanted to the urinary bladder, then 0.05% BBN was given for 12 weeks. The rats were killed 30 weeks after the beginning of the administration for histopathological evaluation. Bladder tumors in various grades were confirmed in all the cases. In two cases in the jejunum-transplanted group, transitional cell carcinoma was found in the urinary bladder, one of which had an invasion to the adjacent part of the jejunum to the bladder mucosa. These findings suggest that the metabolic products of carcinogens, excreted into urine, had no effect on the transplanted small intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The change of platelet number in patient with acute myocardial infarction and its clinical significance].

Platelet number and alpha-granule membrane protein (GMP-140) level on platelet surface were determined in 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 20 normal subjects. The results showed that platelet number decreased significantly after AMI, especially on the second day after onset and that the level of GMP-140 increased rapidly after AMI and reached a peak on the second after the attack. Both returned to the normal on the 5-7th day after the heart attack. Correlative analysis between increase of serum CK-MB and platelet number was negative (r = -0.6123, P < 0.005), and positive between that and GMP-140 level (r = 0.5895, P < 0.01). Platelet number decreased markedly in cases with heart failure and cardiac death. The results indicate that platelets are involved in the pathological process of AMI.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Epidemiological study on risk factors of pelvic endometriosis].

In order to study the risk factors associated with pelvic endometriosis, a case-control study was carried out from Mar. 1991 to Feb. 1993 in our gynecological ward. A total of 190 cases with endometriosis and 192 patients with non-endometriosis diseases (control group) were interviewed. Single factor analysis indicated that risk factors related to endometriosis were menorrhagia (OR = 3.09), short menstrual cycle (< 27 days) (OR = 1.89), complicated with uterine leiomyoma and (or) adenomyosis (OR = 1.84), occupation as cader (OR = 1.71), all with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The artificial abortion rate of married patients was similar between the two groups, but the abortion frequency was fewer in endometriosis patients (P < 0.05). Multifactor analysis confirmed that the risk factors associated with endometriosis were menorrhagia and occupation as cadre only.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Effects of site-selective 8-Cl-cAMP on the growth regulation of human lung giant cell cancer].

Type I and type II cAMP receptor proteins participate in cell growth regulation, differentiation and neoplastic transformation of neoplasms. In this paper the growth regulatory effects of cAMP analogs, DBcAMP (non-site-selective) and 8-Cl-cAMP (site-selective) on a highly metastatic human lung cancer cell line PG were studied. By MTT assay, DBcAMP at 1mmol/L was found to inhibit PG growth by 30% on the day 8, while 8-CL-cAMP at 10-20 mumol/L inhibited the growth by 75%-80%. When phosphodiesterase inhibitor isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX) was added the inhibitory effect of 8-Cl-cAMP was not enhanced, whereas that of DBcAMP was significantly enhanced. The invasiveness and colony-forming ability of the treated cells decreased. The cAMP level as determined by RIA was much more increased in DBcAMP-treated than in 8-Cl-cAMP-treated PG cells. The result suggests that 8-Cl-cAMP and DBcAMP exert their effects on tumor cell growth and invasion by defferent mechanisms.

8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1995

Phenotypic analysis of the glomerular and periglomerular mononuclear cell infiltrates in the Thy 1.1 model of glomerulonephritis.

BACKGROUND: The phenotype of macrophages invading the mesangium and periglomerular region has not been described in experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, although it has implications for the mechanism of entry of these cells into these locations and their function once there. We have, therefore, determined the phenotype of the periglomerular leukocytic infiltrate in the Thy 1.1 model of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis and compared it with that of cells invading the mesangium. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The Thy 1.1 model was induced in Lewis rats, and sections were taken at 1 hour and at 1, 4, 9, 30, and 90 days postinduction. Immunohistochemistry was performed using monoclonal antibodies against macrophage markers (ED-1, CD4, RT1-B, and ED-2), chains of the beta 2 integrins (CD18, CD11a, and CD11b), T and B cell markers (CD8, T cell receptor, interleukin-2 receptor, and MRC OX33), and markers of mesangial cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, alpha-smooth muscle actin). Sections were compared with those obtained from control animals. RESULTS: In untreated rats, a striking resident periglomerular macrophage population (phenotype ED-1-ve ED-2-ve CD4+ve RT1-B+ve CD18+ve CD11a+ve CD11b+ve) was found, confirming a previous report. From 24 hours postinduction, this resident macrophage population was supplemented by a population whose predominant phenotype (ED-1+ve ED-2-ve CD4+ve RT1-B+ve CD18+ve CD11a+ve CD11b+ve) was identical to that of macrophages infiltrating the mesangium. Both infiltrates peaked at 4 days and returned to base-line levels by 1 to 3 months. There was no significant lymphocyte infiltrate within the glomerulus and only a minimal periglomerular T cell infiltrate. CONCLUSIONS: These data show, first, that disease limited to the mesangium can lead directly to periglomerular macrophage infiltration. Second, the presence of CR3 (i.e., CD11b and CD18) and LFA-1 (i.e., CD11a and CD18) on the macrophage infiltrate indicates that both ligands are important for cells to enter the mesangium and periglomerular areas. Third, the marked phenotypic and temporal similarities between the mesangial and periglomerular macrophage infiltrates suggests that a common factor(s) is involved in their pathogenesis. Finally, expression of RT1-B (Ia) but not ED-2 is reported to be typical of interstitial dendritic cells rather than tissue macrophages, suggesting a unique function for the glomerular and periglomerular macrophage infiltrate in this model.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Painful symptoms of pelvic endometriosis].

From February 1991 to January 1993, a total of 383 women of child-bearing age who were hospitalized in gynecologic ward were investigated for their painful symptoms, of whom 192 were found to be patients with endometriosis (endometriosis group). The other 191 cases without endometriosis served as the control. The results showed that the frequency of dysmenorrhea, lower abdominal or pelvic pain, dyspareunia, anal pressure pain during menstruation were 65.6%, 44.3%, 30.2% and 32.3% respectively in patients with endometriosis, and 37.7%, 33.0%, 20.9%, and 20.4% respectively in the control, the former were all significantly higher than the later respectively. Whereas the frequency of all the painful symptoms and the severity of dysmenorrhea were not correlated with the stages of endometriosis. It is suggested that patients with endometriosis have more painful symptoms besides dysmenorrhea, which are very useful for better recognization and more accurate diagnosis of this disease.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1995

High resolution analysis of HIV-1 quasispecies in the brain.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize HIV-1 quasispecies at high resolution to determine the in vivo sequence heterogeneity of virus infecting the brain. METHODS: A 1 kilobase region of the envelope gene, which includes the five hypervariable regions, was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using DNA obtained from brain tissue of an HIV-1-infected patient. PCR products were cloned and 50 clones sequenced. RESULTS: Thirty-nine unique nucleotide sequences producing 35 protein variants were found. A consensus sequence was identified along with three distinct subtypes, each present at a level of 12%. The sequence variation from the consensus was 0.1-2.1% at the nucleotide level with hypermutation and recombination responsible for the highest diversity. Sequence heterogeneity resulted in both the creation and the elimination of N-linked glycosylation sites. Only nine clones differed from the consensus sequence in the V3 loop. No inactivating mutations were found. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-1 proviruses found in the brain generally demonstrate a low level of genetic variability in env. However, genomes that vary considerably from the predominant species can be present at significant levels. This observation may be of importance for understanding viral pathogenesis in the central nervous system.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1995

Endolymphatic stromal myosis of the uterus. Clinicopathological analysis of five cases.

Five cases of endolymphatic stromal myosis (ELSM) were studied using histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. ELSM is a well-differentiated tumor resembling the normal endometrial stoma, with a low mitotic activity. So ELSM is considered as a kind of potentially malignant tumor different from endometrial stomal sarcoma and benign stromal nodules as well, though it can metastasize to the outside of uterus. ELSM may be derived from the stem cells that are normally present in the stroma of uterus, and can manifest multidifferentiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Autonomic nervous activity at episodes of myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease by heart rate power spectral analysis].

Heart rate power spectral analysis in 44 patients with coronary artery disease was obtained from 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram. 195 episodes of transient myocardial ischemia that was defined as horizontal or down sloping depression of the ST segment of > or = 0.1 mV and lasted for > or = 2 minutes were studied. The area of low frequency components (LF, 0.02-0.10 Hz) representing predominontly sympathetic tone with some contribution from the parasympathetic tone and that of high frequency components (HF, 0.15-0.40 Hz) representing mainly parasympathetic tone and the value of LF/HF on 4 minute heart rate power spectral graph at the deepest depression of ST segment were compared with that before the episode of myocardial ischemia. The area of HF of fast rate myocardial ischemia occurring in night reduces significantly (P < 0.001), the value of LF/HF increases markedly (P < 0.05) and the area of LF increases slightly. The results suggest that there is a change of autonomic nervous activity during the episode of fast rate myocardial ischemia in night, parasympathetic nervous tone decreases markedly, there may be secondary increase of sympathetic nervous activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The analysis of GPI in chimeric mice of ES cells (MESPU 13)].

To estimate the differential potentiality of ES (Embryonic Stem) cell line MESPU 13, the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, pancreas, gonad, muscle and blood of 19 chimeric mice were analyzed for GPI (Glucose Phosphate Isomeras) marker, in these studies, type A band from the ES cells, appeared parallel to the coat color chimerism of the mice. When coat color chimerism is below 40%, type A band was not seen except in the kidney of a few mice. Type A band was detected in nearly all the organs and tissues, when coat color chimerism was over 85%, indicated the ES cell has a fairly high potential to differentiate into cells of endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm. In addition, only type A band was observed in the muscles of 6 mice which coat color chimerism is over 85%, the results indicated that these muscles were differentiated only from ES cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of acupuncture on the regulation of cell-mediated immunity in the patients with malignant tumors].

In order to investigate the role of acupuncture in the regulation of cellular immune function, we observed acupuncture therapy affecting the levels of T lymphocytes subgroup (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (SIL-2R) and beta-endorphin (beta-EP) in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant tumors. Here was used the random-gioland method, the patients were divided into a group treated by acupuncture (acup. group, 20 cases) and a control group (20 cases). The acup. group was treated using points PC6, LI4, ST36, RN4 and location of symptomatic points bilaterally, one treatment of 30 min daily for 10 days. The results showed that there were increased levels of CD3+, CD4+ percentage, CD4+/CD8+ ratio and radioimmunoassay of beta-EP in blood plasma, a decreased level of SIL-2R after acup. The statistical significance was found to be remarkable (P < 0.01), so has a notable difference, the correlation analysis indicated: (1) there was a positive correlation between beta-EP and T-lymphocytes subgroups; (2) a negative correlation between beta-Bp and SIL-2R, so did it between T subgroups and SIL-2R. Our results showed that beta-EP enhanced immune function of patients by increased T lymphocyte subgroups, reduced SIL-2R, and this action of beta-EP may be mediated by opioid receptor. The above mentioned results prevented evidence that there was an adjusting-network of immune in the body, through this way, acup. therapy can heighten the cellular immune function of patients, providing a beneficial effect in anti-cancer treatment.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1994

STV1 gene encodes functional homologue of 95-kDa yeast vacuolar H(+)-ATPase subunit Vph1p.

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene, VPH1 (Vacuolar pH 1), encodes a 95-kDa integral membrane subunit of the vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) that is required for enzyme assembly; disruption of the VPH1 gene impairs vacuolar acidification (Manolson, M.F., Proteau, D., Preston, R. A., Stenbit, A., Roberts, B. T., Hoyt, M. A., Preuss, D., Mulholland, J., Botstein, D., and Jones, E. W. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 14294-14303). Here we show that STV1 (Similar To VPH1) encodes an integral membrane polypeptide of 102 kDa with 54% identity with the peptide sequence of Vph1p. High copy expression of STV1 partially restores vacuolar acidification in a delta vph1 mutant strain; solubilization and fractionation of membrane proteins from these vacuoles show that Stv1p co-purifies with bafilomycin A1-sensitive ATPase activity and with the 60- and 69-kDa V-ATPase subunits. Immunofluorescence microscopy of strains bearing a single copy of epitope-tagged STV1 reveals punctate staining of the cytoplasm; overexpression of epitope-tagged Stv1p reveals both punctate cytoplasmic staining and vacuolar membrane staining. Northern analysis shows that disruption of STV1 does not affect the level of transcription of VPH1 and that disruption of VPH1 does not affect the level of transcription of STV1. Strains bearing disruption of genes encoding other V-ATPase subunits (VMA1, VMA2, VMA3, and VMA4) fail to grow on media supplemented with 100 mM CaCl2 or 4 mM ZnCl2, media buffered to pH 7.5, or media with a glycerol carbon source. On the same types of media only a delta vph1 delta stv1 double disruption mutant has growth phenotypes equivalent to strains bearing a single disruption of the VMA1, VMA2, VMA3, and VMA4 genes; a delta vph1 strain has only moderate growth inhibition while a delta stv1 strain has wild type growth on the conditions listed above. We conclude that Stv1p is a functional homologue of Vph1p and suggest that Stv1p and Vph1p may be equivalent subunits for V-ATPases located on different organelles. The function of these 100-kDa homologues may be to target or regulate other common V-ATPase subunits for two distinct cellular locations.

Amino Acid Sequence↗