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Biomedical subjects

B Williams

Publications and source records attributed to B Williams.

629 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthetic polymer tissue adhesive in the surgery of ascending aortic dissection. Report of two cases.

In Type A aortic dissection preservation of the aortic valve is an attractive proposition. Potential prosthetic valve endocarditis is avoided and there is a low reported incidence of late aortic regurgitation. We report a technique of resuspension of the valve using a synthetic polymer tissue adhesive. This technique allows for the two layers of the dissection to be firmly glued together leaving a good vessel wall for suture placement.

Adult↗
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Severe alkali burns.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Alkalies↗
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A possible new pathogenic Aspergillus isolation and general mycological properties of the fungus.

A species of Aspergillus was isolated from vomitus and scrapings of the tongue of a patient with a form of respiratory illness. The fungus has since been identified as Aspergillus aculeatus, Iizuka. The fungus grew over a wide range of temperatures, the spores appeared to be thermophilic. Many local foodstuffs supported the growth of the fungus in culture. Ultraviolet light inhibited mycelia growth and sporulation of A. aculeatus. The fungicides brestan, benlate, fundazole and kocide 101 inhibited the growth of the fungus more than daconil, demosen and dithane M-45. Amphotericin B and sulfadiazine completely arrested the growth of the fungus while sulfamycin, nalidixic acid and kanamycin had no detectable effects.

Antifungal Agents↗
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Tumour induction by viruses isolated from Mansonia africana.

A group of viruses originally isolated from different pools of Mansonia africana induced 'tumours' in swiss albino mice when injected intraperitoneally, intracerebrally and intravenously. Tumours which developed in close proximity to points of initial inoculation were round, single or bilobular and usually appeared to adhere to underlying structures. Extracts of the tumours yielded similar tumours in freshly inoculated animals. Clarified extracts caused cytopathogenicity in cell cultures and agglutinated a variety of red blood cells. Tissue culture fluids from infected cell cultures also agglutinated red blood cells. Tumours were not transplantable by embedding the materials in a new set of animals, but appear to be transmissible via cannibalism.

Animals↗
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Increasing radiographer productivity by an incentive point system.

Because of a very low technologist productivity in their Radiology Department, the authors describe a Productive Point System they developed and implemented to solve this personnel problem. After establishing the average time required to perform all exams, point credits (one point for every ten minutes utilized) were assigned to each exam performed, thereby determining an index of production. A Productive Index of 80% was considered realistic and was the equivalent of 192 points for a 40-hour work week. From 1975 to 1978 personal productivity increased from 79% to 113%. This resulted in an average yearly fiscal savings of over $20,000.00 for this three-year period. There was also a significant improvement in exam efficiency and quality, job attitude, personnel morale, and public relations. This program was highly successful because technologist acceptance and cooperation was complete, and this occurred mainly because the system supports the normal occupational goals and expectations of technologists.

Efficiency↗
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Dissection of the thoracic aorta. A comparison between medical and surgical treatment.

We have reviewed 113 patients with acute thoracic aortic dissection seen between 1965 and 1979. There were no "diagnostic" symptoms or signs of acute dissection, and diagnosis could only be reliably made by aortography. The latter also allowed typing of the dissection (De Bakey classification) which permitted appropriate therapy to be instituted. Aortography should be performed early because of the high mortality of this condition within the first 24 hours. Early surgery is warranted in all patients with Type I dissection since it significantly increases long term survival: 40% 5 year-survival for surgical treatment compared with 13% survival for medical treatment (p less than 0.01). There is no significant difference in long or short term survival for patients with Type III dissection whether patients are treated medically or surgically.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Implementation of a customized needleless intravenous delivery system.

Occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis, and other bloodborne pathogens concerns all health care workers, especially those in high-risk clinical settings such as the emergency room, operating room, intravenous therapy department, etc. In response to the increased attention to needlestick injuries in the workplace, hospitals are adopting a more proactive approach to establishing precautions to eliminate this occupational hazard. Many technologies to address the situation are available today, but most offer only a partial solution. The need for a comprehensive needleless IV delivery system recently sparked a collaboration between the IV therapy coordinator and a manufacturer's representative (Abbott Laboratories) that resulted in a new product design that was recently implemented house wide at our two hospitals.

Accidents, Occupational↗
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Immunity against measles in school-aged children: implications for measles revaccination strategies.

Measles serum antibody levels were determined by plaque reduction neutralization (PRN) test in 1,075 children in the age bracket of 5 to 17 years who received a single dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR II) vaccine at one year of age. Of these, 297 children (28%) had measles PRN titres < 120 which may not be protective against measles infection. The proportion of susceptible children by age ranged from 14 to 35%; however, there was no consistent age-dependent trend in susceptibility rates. The study data indicate the decline in protective immunity occurs before five years of age, and the proportion susceptible increases only slightly thereafter. This supports the current move towards a two-dose immunization strategy in the control and elimination of measles, with the second dose being given before school entry. The present data also underscore the need to consider a mass catch-up immunization program in the interim to prevent potential outbreaks of measles in school settings. The combination of the above approaches, if implemented as soon as possible, can potentially eliminate indigenous measles in Canada by the year 2000, the target date set by the Pan American Health Organization.

Adolescent↗