Biomedical subjects

B Wiesner

Publications and source records attributed to B Wiesner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

[Demonstration of artificial mineral fibers using bronchoalveolar lavage in animals].

Inhalation of man-made mineral fibers (MMMF) was performed with mini-pigs and beagles to examine the value of bronchoalveolar lavage for the detection of these fibers in the lung. The preparation of the BAL-fluid without filtration lead to the detection of a plentiful quantity of MMMF. With our investigations we could verify that in the final product mineral-wool a great spectrum of different seized fibers down to particles reaching the alveoli is present.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

[Experimental and clinical experiences with bronchologic lasers].

Bronchological application of lasers is based on differences of their biophysical effects, which were confirmed in experimental investigations. There were early reepithelizations and rapid healing after laser tracheotomy and lung resections without signs secondary stenoses by hypergranulation. Argon laser is of limited use in bronchology for HpD-coupled tumor fluorescence diagnostic. Nd-YAG-laser is the "classic" laser for palliative bronchial tumor therapy. Improvements of laser applications (laser thoracoscopy, perthoracic laser punction therapy) are new therapeutic laser methods.

Airway Obstruction↗

PubMed1987

[Experiences with bronchoalveolar lavage in disseminated and other lung diseases].

In 860 patients 980 bronchoalveolar lavages were performed. The repeated BAL allows conclusions of the effect of treatment and the prognosis of the disease. BAL is together with other clinical findings an important new method in pulmology. Its value in diagnosis of interstitial pulmonary diseases and other pulmonary diseases is described with special view to occupational expositions.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗

PubMed1987

[Initial results with x-ray absorption spectrometry in lung fibrosis].

Biopsies from 68 patients suffering from interstitial lung disease were examined with regard to minerals using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDXA). In 31 patients a higher portion of minerals or elements were found as pigments. The interpretation of these findings is difficult. If there is a professional exposition and a reaction of the lung parenchyma the findings could be of clinical value.

Aluminum↗

PubMed1986

[Value of bronchoalveolar lavage for the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the lung].

The differentiation of interstitial lung diseases and disseminated lung tumors only by radiological methods is impossible. Cytological or histological examinations of specimens taken by bronchological or surgical examinations are able to confirm the diagnosis. In two cases of a disseminated process in which other bronchological diagnostic methods failed we found cells of an adenocarcinoma by BAL. We recommend this method for differential diagnostic between interstitial lung diseases and disseminated intraalveolar carcinoma, especially bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1985

[Combination of transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage in disseminated lung diseases].

The effectiveness of transbronchoscopic lung biopsy (TBLB) in combination with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is presented in 487 patients with disseminated lung diseases. The techniques of both methods are described and the results discussed. Comparison of both methods shows that they supply each other. Therefore they should be used in combination in suspected case of disseminated lung disease. Beyond that BAL is important for the control of the disease's course. In the described technique of TBLB we found complications in 7,8%, while with BAL no essential complication was registered.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1984

[Possibilities for optimizing therapy with theophylline preparations. Clinical effectiveness and side effects of microcrystalline theophylline].

The efficacy of microcrystalline theophylline is examined in patients with stabilized bronchial asthma. Beside the concentration of theophylline in the serum are estimated: the changes of subjective state of health, the consumption of beta2-stimulants, VC and FEV1. Although in 8 of 10 patients the theophylline concentration in the serum was below the therapeutical range for a considerable period of time, an improvement of the subjectively estimated state of health, a diminished consumption of beta2-stimulants and an increasing VC and FEV1 are evident after 6-7 days, also statistically confirmed. Proposals are suggested for using all possibilities for an improved therapy with theophylline.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Lymphocyte populations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in various interstitial lung diseases].

Differential cell counts, T-, Tactive-, Tstable-, and B-lymphocytes were studied in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and in peripheral blood from patients with thoracic sarcoidosis (S), extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In patients with S and EAA the total number of lymphocytes, the percentage of T-, Tactive-, and Tstable-lymphocytes were increased in BAL-fluid, especially in cases of active S and of acute EAA. Contrary to the BAL-fluid the peripheral blood values for T-lymphocytes were decreased in S and in the range of the control group (healthy volunteers) in EAA. The BAL-fluid of patients with IPF is characterized by a high number of polymorphonuclear cells, especially neutrophils. Current concepts of pathogenesis of interstitial lung diseases are discussed and the possible key role of alveolitis in this process is elucidated.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗

PubMed1984

[Complex diagnosis of bronchial cancer].

The necessity and the value of early complex diagnostics of the bronchial carcinoma as a supposition for an optimal treatment is discussed. To avoid any delay, an immediate admission to a high specialized clinic, where all necessary diagnostic methods are available, must be desired. Our own investigations show the importance of several symptoms often neglected. A view of the diagnostic methods in use since many years and their results are given. Endoscopy and endoscopic biopsies are further indispensable methods with a high diagnostic yield in the diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma. The use and the efficiency of different methods depend on an exact clinical and radiological localization of the tumor.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1984

[Possibilities for optimizing therapy with theophylline preparations. I. On the pharmacokinetics of theophylline preparations].

In the treatment of obstructive lung diseases theophylline is one of the most important drugs. But its therapeutic range is narrow, therefore attempts are made for an optimal therapy (dosage adjusted to the theophylline concentration in the serum, treatment with microcrystalline theophylline or retard preparations). Pharmacokinetic studies are undertaken with two theophylline formulations commercially available and the commonly used aminophylline to achieve the optimal therapeutic benefit. Regarding the results Aminophylline retard belongs to the formulations with diminished bioavailability and is therefore not satisfactorily qualified for an optimal treatment. On the other hand the development of a formulation of microcrystalline theophylline like Bronkodyl promises advantages for the long-continued treatment of obstructive lung diseases because of the smaller differences of the individual pharmacokinetic values from the median values.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

[New aspects in the diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis].

Due to the advances in endoscopic technique, gallium-67-scintigraphy, immunologic methods as well as particularly by measurement of ACE in recent years the way to a pathogenetically oriented diagnostics and therapy of pulmonary sarcoidosis became evident. In this case it is important to abandon the x-ray and bronchoscopic diagnostics and the therapy planning according to the x-ray and to introduce increasingly activity markers into the clinical routine. As to newer methods in this case above all the ACE-measurement and the diagnostic lavage are offered. The latter method may still be applied in one bronchological session for the purpose of the still important histological ascertainment. Also the lung function tests and particularly the oxyergometry should increasingly be used in this sense. Great clinical attention must be paid to the problem of myocardial sarcoidosis, since very much depends upon the well-timed and consequent therapy. Indeed, it is above all the heart sarcoidosis which decisively deteriorates the prognosis of the altogether benign disease. The newer immunologic techniques, including the elaboration of the lavage fluid are at present above all still of theoretical interest.

Cardiomyopathies↗

PubMed1983