Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B Schwarz.
The present paper reports a model designed to optimize treatment of mental disorders. This model has as its basic principle the division into sections of the region to be cared for in addition to the restructuring of existing mental hospitals. The advantages of this model of sectionalisation are discussed in detail.
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Report about the results of surgical treatment of 115 pseudarthroses of the long shaft bones treated by means of autocompression plates (ACP) in about 2/3 of the cases an additional autogenous bone plasty was performed. A follow-up examination was possible in 113 cases (98.25%). At all a solid consolidation could be achieved in 93.0%, even in difficult primary situations, including defect pseudarthroses and also infections. In 86.1% the healing occurred after the first surgery, in the remaining cases revisions were needed. Complications were very rare. In 3.5% arthrodesis or joint replacement of the involved joint was performed. Finally only 1.75% persisted in pseudarthrosis.
Statistical Display of the Cases of our Hospital, which Underwent Osteosynthesis with Autocompression Plate Between 1968 and 1986. Based on the unselected evaluation of our surgical reports and computer monitoring an analysis of the total of 4141 ACP-osteosyntheses is given according to the various origin types of surgical procedures, age and sex distribution and chiefly complications of the operative revisions. The total of revised complications was 4.18%, among that the rate of infections was 1.37%, of pseudarthroses 0.92%, break out of plates 2.2 pro mille and of material fractures 1.9 pro mille. From these dates a high security of the osteosynthesis by autocompression plates is derived.
Seventy-four deaths during treatment at the orthopedic university hospital Homburg/Saar between 1965 and 1981 are reported, causes and basic diseases are analyzed. Deathrate was 0,22% at our hospital comparing 0,61% average standard deathrate at West-German orthopedic hospitals. Main risk groups are patients with para--or tetraplegia (28 cases), patients following total hip replacement (16 cases), bone tumors (18 cases - 4 of these cases are figured as well in the first group because of the clinical sign of paraplegia). All other patients (about 29 000) are represented with 16 deaths. Comparing literature deathrate of paraplegia and total hip replacement are detailed discussed.
At first, this report deals with the characteristics of the idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head and the possibilities of operative treatment specially in the sense of saving the hip-joint. Beside old techniques of sanitation of the focus, nowadays the femoral osteotomy, mainly in the sense of a flexion-osteotomy is well to the fore. Hereby, the necrotic area can be turned out of the main loaded part of the hip-joint. We recommend a combination of femoral osteotomy with a ventral capsulotomy and tenotomy. Furthermore, there should be a sanitation of the focus, above all by drilling. Then we report about our experience with this operative treatment. 37 cases out of 52 were controlled clinically and roentgenologically. The subjective results were very good to fair in about 85%, the functional improvement of the hip-joint was mostly good. On the other hand, there was a difference between clinical and roentgenological results, we found an improvement of the necrotic destruction of the femoral head only in 28%. We mainly noticed poor subjective and objective results in cases of too extended necrotic areas, of too advanced stage of necrosis and of secondary coxarthrosis. In those cases we refer to the differential indication of the total hip-arthroplasty.
Analysis of the tropical marine sponge Axinella carteri afforded six unusual alkaloids, including the new brominated guanidine derivative 3-bromo-hymenialdisine. The structure elucidation of the new alkaloid is described. The alkaloid patterns of sponges collected in Indonesia or in the Philippines were shown to be qualitatively identical suggesting de novo synthesis by the sponge or by endosymbiontic microorganisms rather than uptake by filter feeding. All alkaloids were screened for insecticidal activity as well as for cytotoxicity. The guanidine alkaloids hymenialdisine and debromohymenialdisine exhibited insecticidal activity towards neonate larvae of the polyphagous pest insect Spodoptera littoralis (LD50s of 88 and 125 ppm, respectively), when incorporated into artificial diet and offered to the larvae in a chronic feeding bioassay. The remaining alkaloids, including the new compound were inactive in this bioassay. Cytotoxicity was studied in vitro using L5178y mouse lymphoma cells. Debromohymenialdisine was again the most active compound (ED50 1.8 micrograms/ml) followed by hymenialdisine and 3-bromohymenialdisine, which were essentially equitoxic and exhibited ED50s of 3.9 micrograms/ml in both cases. The remaining alkaloids were inactive against this cell line.
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