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Biomedical subjects

B Saletu

Publications and source records attributed to B Saletu.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Sleep laboratory studies on single dose effects of suriclone.

1. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled sleep laboratory study single doses of suriclone, a new non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic binding to benzodiazepine receptors, were investigated with respect to sleep and awakening. 2. Sixteen healthy young volunteers spent 10 nights in the sleep laboratory: 1 adaptation night, 1 baseline night and 4 drug nights (placebo; 0.2 mg, 0.4 mg suriclone; 2 mg lorazepam as reference drug) and 4 subsequent wash-out nights (drug-interval: 1 week). Somnopolygraphic investigations (22.30 h to 06.00 h) were commenced 0.5 h after drug-intake. A self-rating scale for sleep and awakening quality as well as psychometric tests were completed in the morning. 3. Hypnotic effects were most pronounced after lorazepam in regard to total sleep time and sleep efficiency. After lorazepam as well as after 0.4 mg suriclone nocturnal awakenings decreased significantly as compared with placebo, which was reflected in an improved subjective sleep quality after both dosages. Suriclone 0.2 mg did not induce any alterations in all night sleep. 4. In the morning, well-being, drowsiness and reaction time performance deteriorated after lorazepam as compared with placebo but not after suriclone. The latter was significantly superior to lorazepam with respect to subjective awakening quality, well-being, emotional rapport, drowsiness and attention. 5. Blood pressure and pulse remained unchanged after all of the drugs. Critical flicker frequency and muscle strength decreased only after lorazepam as compared with placebo.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

On brain protection of co-dergocrine mesylate (Hydergine) against hypoxic hypoxidosis of different severity: double-blind placebo-controlled quantitative EEG and psychometric studies.

Utilizing quantitative EEG and psychometric methods we investigated in two subsequent double-blind, placebo-controlled trials the following questions: 1) Does co-dergocrine mesylate (CDM) protect against cerebral hypoxic hypoxidosis as objectivated by neurophysiological and behavioral measures in man? 2) Does CDM offer protection equally both against moderate and marked hypoxia induced experimentally by inhalation of a gas mixture of 9.8% and 8.6% O2 (equivalent to 6000 m and 7000 m altitude, respectively)? 3) Are brain-protective effects of CDM improving by drug administration over a longer period of time (2 weeks)? In the first study, hypoxic hypoxidosis was induced by a fixed gas combination of 9.8% oxygen and 90.2% N2 (equivalent to 6000 m altitude), which was inhaled for 23 min under normobaric conditions by 15 healthy volunteers. They received randomized after an adaptation session placebo and 5 mg CDM. Blood gases, quantitative EEG, and psychometric measures were obtained under normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (9.8% O2) conditions before as well as 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after oral drug administration. Blood gas analysis demonstrated under hypoxia a drop in PO2 from 91 to 37 mmHg and in PCO2 from 38 to 33 mmHg, while pH increased from 7.41 to 7.47. Computer-assisted spectral analysis of the EEG showed an increase of delta/theta, decrease of alpha, and an increase of superimposed fast beta activity indicative of deterioration in vigilance. The latter was documented at the behavioral level by deterioration of intellectual and mnestic functions, psychomotor activity, performance in a reaction time task, mood, and wakefulness. CDM attenuated significantly this brain dysfunction, as it attenuated delta/theta and increased alpha-adjacent beta activity. Psychometric performance based on all 11 variables deteriorated under hypoxia by 49% after placebo, while after 5 mg CDM only by 26%. However, in a subsequent double-blind placebo-controlled trial in 12 healthy young volunteers, further augmentation of hypoxia induced by inhalation of a gas combination of 8.6% O2 and 91.4% N2 (equivalent to 7000 m altitude) leading to a drop of PO2 and PCO2 to 32 and 32 mmHg, respectively and an increase of pH to 7.46 resulted in a loss of brain protection, even when CDM was given over 2 weeks daily. Our findings suggest that treatment of organic brain syndromes with nootropic/antihypoxidotics should be initiated in an early rather than a late stage.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

[Electrodermal activity--"psychovegetative resonance" in AIDS patients].

The habituation of the electrodermal reaction (EDR) is one of the most used variables among psychophysiological indicators in investigations in men. In our department a specific computer assisted technique for measuring habituation, mean amplitude, area underneath the line and "emotional reflection" was developed. 15 acoustic stimuli (500 Hz tone at 72 db intensity lasting for 500 msec) are presented to the patient. The habituation criterion is reached when there are no reactions to 3 consecutive stimuli. Since the first reports in 1981 AIDS has become an expanding major public health problem. Therefore the aim of our investigation was to study electrodermal activity in AIDS-patients, especially the habituation of the EDR. 37 addicted AIDS-patients participated in the study voluntarily and were compared to 30 drug addicted HIV-negative patients, 30 homosexual AIDS-patients and 20 healthy normals. Furthermore the patients were divided according to the stages of their disease. The drug addicted AIDS-patient group habituated earlier than the addicted HIV-negative group, the healthy normals, and the homosexual patients. The drug dependent AIDS-patients were more psychovegetatively suppressed. As compared to the healthy normals and addicted HIV-negative patients the homosexual AIDS-patients differed in emotional reflection; they showed a higher degree of excitement, while in drug dependent AIDS-patients a lower emotional reflection was found. Concerning emotional intensity similar results were obtained. Differences in the mean amplitudes reached the level of statistical significance between homosexual AIDS-patients and the healthy normals and addicted HIV-negative patients respectively. Within as well as between both groups differences concerning stage III and IV could be observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

[Street noise and sleep: whole night somnopolygraphic, psychometric and psychophysiologic studies in comparison with normal data].

In 3 sleep-laboratory studies the effects of nocturnal traffic noise on the sleep of young (1st study: mean age 25 years, n = 10) and elderly (2nd study: mean age 62 years, n = 10) healthy subjects as well as adaptation phenomena (3rd study: one week in young volunteers, n = 10) were investigated. Objective sleep quality was evaluated for baseline- and traffic noise-conditions by means of somnopolygraphic all-night recordings between 22:30 ("lights out") and 6:00 ("buzzer") in the sleep-laboratory. In the morning sleep- and awakening quality were measured by a self-rating scale and psychometric and psychophysiological tests. Traffic noise, presented by a loudspeaker throughout the night with an intensity of 68 to 83 dB (A) (L eq = 75.6 dB [A]), caused a lengthening of sleep latency and intermittent wakefulness as well as a reduction of total sleep time and sleep efficiency as compared to baseline. Concerning sleep architecture, traffic noise led to an increase of light sleep, while deep sleep and, more pronounced, REM sleep were shortened. Although we found these changes in both generations, they reached the level of significance in young subjects only. The objective results were reflected in a significant deterioration of subjective sleep- and awakening quality after traffic noise. Objective awakening quality was unaffected . In the course of a one-week nocturnal traffic noise, we observed an increase of S 4 and a decrease of S 3. The last 3 nights revealed a significant improvement in subjective sleep quality, suggesting adaptive phenomena.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

EEG brain mapping in evaluating the time-course of the central action of DUP 996--a new acetylcholine releasing drug.

1. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study the encephalotropic effects of DUP 996, a novel phenylindolinone derivative for Alzheimer's disease enhancing the release of acetylcholine in cholinergic nerve terminals in the brain only when its release is triggered, were studied with special consideration of the pharmacodynamic time-course. 2. Thirteen healthy male volunteers aged 18-40 years received randomized and at weekly intervals, single oral doses of placebo and 30 mg DUP 996. Blood sampling for plasma concentration analysis, EEG recordings and evaluation of pulse, blood pressure and side effects were carried out at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. 3. Computer-assisted spectral analysis of the EEG and subsequent topographic brain mapping of the drug-induced EEG changes demonstrated significant central effects of DUP 996 suggesting vigilance-improving properties. The findings were characterized mostly by an augmentation of total power as well as by an increase of absolute power in the alpha and alpha-adjacent beta activity. 4. Time-course investigations demonstrated two pharmacodynamic peaks: a first one in the 2nd h and a second one in the 12th h. In detail CNS effects increased up to the 2nd h, showed a drop in the 4th h, increased again thereafter to peak in the 12th h. Even in the 24th h there were significant differences between DUP 996 and placebo. The latter suggests an indirect effect and/or an active metabolite, as the parent drug is rapidly absorbed and has a rather short plasma half-life between 1-3 h. 5. DUP 996-induced EEG-changes over time were most pronounced over temporo-occipital, temporo-frontal, parietal and frontal regions, e.g. over brain areas afflicted most by Alzheimer's disease. 6. Evaluation of vital signs, laboratory findings and ECG as well as adverse effects showed a very good tolerability of DUP 996.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1989

Differential effects of a new central adrenergic agonist--modafinil--and D-amphetamine on sleep and early morning behaviour in young healthy volunteers.

Modafinil (CRL 40476) is a recently developed central alpha adrenergic agonist with vigilance-promoting properties. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled sleep laboratory study, its single-dose effects on objectively and subjectively evaluated sleep, morning awakening, and early morning behaviour were investigated and compared with amphetamine. Ten young healthy volunteers of both sexes spent 12 nights in the sleep laboratory: one adaptation night, one baseline night, five drug nights (100 mg and 200 mg modafinil; 10 mg and 20 mg d-amphetamine; placebo) and five subsequent washout nights. The drugs were administered in one week intervals according to a Latin square design. Somnopolygraphic investigations were performed between 22h30 and 06h00. Subjects received the drug orally half an hour before bedtime. A self-rating scale for sleep and awakening quality and early morning behavior was completed subsequent to the morning toilet. Thereafter, noopsychic and thymopsychic variables were evaluated utilizing a psychometric test-battery. Statistical analyses of objective sleep variables demonstrated that modafinil causes no significant changes as compared to a placebo. Sleep initiation remained unchanged after all of the drugs, while sleep maintenance was impaired dose-dependently after d-amphetamine. Thus, total sleep time and sleep efficiency decreased significantly after 20 mg d-amphetamine as compared to the placebo and modafinil. In regard to sleep architecture a reduction of sleep stage 2 and rapid eye movement-sleep occurred under d-amphetamine while modafinil did not exhibit such an effect. Subjective sleep quality was significantly better after modafinil than after the reference compound. Subjective awakening quality and well-being in the morning did not show any significant findings. Furthermore, no differences were observed between the placebo and the other drugs concerning objective awakening quality (evaluated by psychometric tests). Critical flicker frequency increased significantly after 20 mg d-amphetamine as compared to the placebo. Pulse rate and evening and morning blood pressure remained unchanged. These data stress the necessity to differentiate between "vigility-increasing" properties of amphetamine and "vigilance-promoting" properties of modafinil.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Differential effects of the new central adrenergic agonist modafinil and d-amphetamine on sleep and early morning behaviour in elderlies.

Modafinil (CRL 40476) is a new central alpha-adrenergic agonist with vigilance-promoting properties. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled sleep laboratory study its single-dose effects on sleep and early morning behaviour were investigated and compared with d-amphetamine. Ten elderly healthy volunteers (mean age: 68 years) spent 12 nights in the sleep laboratory: one adaptation night, one baseline night, five drug nights (100 mg and 200 mg modafinil; 10 mg and 20 mg d-amphetamine; placebo) and five subsequent washout nights. The drugs were administered orally in one week intervals at 10:00 p.m., and all-night somnopolygraphic investigations were performed between 10:30 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. A self-rating scale for sleep and awakening quality as well as psychometric tests were completed in the morning. d-amphetamine caused a dose-dependent impairment of sleep maintenance and sleep architecture, while modafinil did not. Thus, a significant reduction of total sleep time, REM-sleep and sleep stage 2 was seen after d-amphetamine when compared to placebo and 100 mg modafinil. Corresponding with these objective results, subjective sleep quality deteriorated significantly only after 20 mg d-amphetamine as compared to placebo. Morning investigations revealed an increase of CFF after 20 mg d-amphetamine. Pulse rate, evening and morning blood pressure remained unchanged. These findings suggest a different mode of action of the two compounds.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Psychophysiological research in psychiatry and neuropsychopharmacology. I. Methodological aspects of the Viennese Psychophysiological Test-System (VPTS).

In order to find a psychophysiological paradigm for clinical application we have developed the Viennese Psychophysiological Test-System (VPTS), which includes a special selection and combination of experimental situations, physiological measurements, behavioral measurements and data analysis. This study presents detailed information concerning these four aspects. Experimental situations are related to the human model of information processing, where short changes of stimulus-reaction-correlated processes are selected: resting conditions (eyes open, eyes closed), habituation-orienting test, psychomotor-performance test, signal-detection test and reaction-time test. Physiological measures include central and peripheral activity of the cerebrospinal and autonomic nervous system: cortical activity (spontaneous electroencephalogram, auditory evoked potentials, late positive components, slow potentials), ocular activity (eye and eyelid movements), electrodermal activity (skin conductance), cardiac activity (heart rate measurement), respiratory activity (rate of respiration) and peripheral vascular activity (finger pulse volume). Behavioral measurements extend from micro behavior to complex diagnostic systems: psychomotor measurements, self-reported mood, arousal and visceral perception, psychological and psychiatric interviews. The application of this test system in 15 elderly subjects of both sexes aged 58-77 years gives information which exceeds the sum of the singular constructing elements of the VPTS.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1989

Psychophysiological research in psychiatry and neuropsychopharmacology. II. The investigation of antihypoxidotic/nootropic drugs (tenilsetam and co-dergocrine-mesylate) in elderlies with the Viennese Psychophysiological Test-System (VPTS).

In a double-blind placebo-controlled study, the effects of tenilsetam, a novel antihypoxidotic/nootropic agent, on spontaneous and event-related activity of the central and autonomous nervous system were studied in 15 elderly subjects of both sexes aged 58-77 years by means of the Viennese Psychophysiological Test-System (VPTS). The VPTS includes a special selection and combination of experimental situations, physiological measurements, behavioral measurements and data analysis. At weekly intervals, the subjects received randomized single oral doses of placebo, 150 mg, 300 mg and 900 mg tenilsetam (TEN) and 5 mg co-dergocrine-mesylate (CDM) as reference drug. Psychophysiological testings were carried out before and 2 h after drug administration. Evaluation of the spontaneous EEG-activity demonstrated no significant drug effects as compared to placebo. In contrast, TEN showed a dose-dependent augmentation of the N1-P2 and N2-P300 amplitudes of the event-related potentials (ERPs) in specific experimental conditions. In reference to placebo, the increase of N2-P300 amplitude after the highest dosage of TEN, as well as after CDM, amounted to approximately 5 microV, which confirms the hypothesis that nootropic drugs may influence the P300 amplitude in the sense of an improved availability of cognitive processing resources. There was no effect on ERP latencies, on mean amplitudes of contingent negative variation and of post-imperative negative variation, on autonomous nervous system, on psychological measurements, nor on reaction time. However, specific improvements were observed in psychomotor measures, such as synchronization accuracy and rhythmicity. These findings highlight the importance of using EEG and ERP measures in different experimental situations in conjunction with behavioral, psychological and autonomous nervous system measures to study nootropic drug effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

On the central effects of a new partial benzodiazepine agonist Ro 16-6028 in man: pharmaco-EEG and psychometric studies.

In a double-blind placebo-controlled study, the encephalotropic and psychotropic properties of a new partial benzodiazepine agonist Ro 16-6028 were investigated as compared to a pure agonist diazepam utilizing quantitative EEG and psychometric analysis as well as clinical observations. Ten normal volunteers received randomized (latin square design) and at weekly intervals, single oral doses of placebo, 0.05 mg, 0.1 mg and 0.2 mg Ro 16-6028 and 10 mg diazepam as reference substance. EEG-recordings, psychometric tests and evaluation of blood pressure, pulse and side effects were carried out at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 h. Computer-assisted spectral analysis of the EEG demonstrated after 10 mg diazepam, a typical "anxiolytic" pharmaco-EEG profile characterized by an increase of beta activity, decrease of alpha activity and acceleration of the centroid total activity. Ro 16-6028 induced in the vigilance-controlled recordings a similar profile thereby exhibiting tranquilizing properties too. However, in the resting condition we observed also an increase of delta/theta activity along with a decrease of alpha activity while the beta augmentation was observed mostly in the fast frequency bands and not so much in the middle fast frequency bands as is the case with the known full agonists. The latter findings were somewhat reminiscent of the pharmaco-EEG profiles seen often in certain neuroleptics. Our data indicate a selective sedation after the novel partial agonist. Dose/treatment-efficacy calculations demonstrated 10 mg diazepam as the most CNS-effective drug followed closely by 0.2 mg Ro 16-6028, 0.1 mg and 0.05 mg, while placebo induced the least changes. Only 0.2 mg Ro 16-6028 and the reference compound differed from placebo at all times. Time-efficacy calculations showed a peak effect of the novel partial agonist around the 3rd h and that of diazepam in the 1st h. Psychometric tests demonstrated similar findings. After 0.2 mg Ro 16-6028 a decrease of attention, numerical memory, psychomotor activity, wakefulness and CFF was observed, while mood improved at later time periods outlasting the sedation. After 10 mg diazepam 10 out of 13 psychometric and psychophysiological variables showed significant findings previously described as typical for anxiolytic sedatives in normals. On the whole, the partial agonist induced less sedation than the full agonist, which is reflected in its superiority in regard to noopsychic and thymopsychic functions. Evaluation of pulse and blood pressure showed no clinically relevant findings. The new partial agonist was well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Computer-assisted determination of rigidity in the differentiation of psychopathologic groups].

The measurement of rigidity and perseveration respectively gets increasing importance in clinical psychodiagnostics. Recently we have developed a computer-assisted technique which allows to get information about inadequate persisting in psychic processes and behaviour within shortest time and to differentiate between psychopathological groups. 257 patients of both sexes who came for elucidation of their disorders to the department of clinical psychodiagnostics were investigated. The most significant differences between the groups were found in redundance of second degree (the patient has to press 10 buttons indiscriminately according to the beat of a metronom--standard condition) and in personal speed (the patient has to press 10 buttons as fast as possible--speed condition). Furthermore the psychopathological groups were ranged in the particular variables of rigidity according to their mean values and their average ranges the schizophrenics and effective psychoses were characterized by a high tendency of perseveration while the neurotics, patients with organic brain syndrome and alcohol and drug dependents showed more flexibility.

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗
PubMed1988

Double-blind, placebo-controlled quantitative EEG and psychometric studies in elderlies on vigilance-promoting effects of an almitrine/raubasine combination (Duxil).

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study the encephalotropic and psychotropic properties of an acutely and 3-weeks subacutely administered novel drug Duxil (consisting of 30 mg of the antihypoxic almitrine which increases the oxygenation of the arterial blood by specific action on the pulmonary exchange system and of 10 mg raubasine, which potentiates this effect via increase in peripheral circulation), were investigated in 12 elderly subjects in their 70s. Each subject had a treatment of 3 weeks with Duxil and placebo (1 tablet b.i.d.) with an interval of 1 week in between (the order of drug sequence was randomized). EEG recordings, psychometric and psychophysiological tests as well as evaluation of pulse, blood pressure and side effects were carried out at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the administration of one single dose on day 1 (acute effect), at the 0 h on day 21 (subacute effect) as well as at the 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after one additional superimposed dosage on day 21 (superimposed effect). Computer-assisted spectral analysis of the EEG demonstrated after single doses of two tablets of Duxil only subtle changes in the resting EEG, while after subacute administration and even more so after one superimposed dosage highly significant changes were observed, which were characterized by an increase of total power, alpha and alpha-adjacent beta activity, decrease in fast beta activity, and by an augmentation of absolute and relative power of the dominant frequency. These findings are indicative of an improvement in vigilance. The latter was seen also at the behavioral level, as psychometric tests showed specifically in noopsychic variables a significant improvement in intellectual, mnestic and psychomotor performance after the novel antihypoxic compound, as compared with placebo. There were practically no changes in thymopsychic variables. Evaluation of psychophysiological variables and side effects showed extremely good tolerability of the drug.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Comparative bioavailability studies with a new mixed-micelles solution of diazepam utilizing radioreceptor assay, psychometry and EEG brain mapping.

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a standard solution of diazepam (DZ) (ValiumR) were compared with those of a novel diazepam mixed-micelles solution (DZ MM) (Valium MMR) both after i.v. and i.m. application utilizing radioreceptor assay, quantitative pharmaco-EEG and brain mapping techniques as well as psychometric and psychophysiological methods. The local tolerance was studied as well. The subjects received randomized and, in weekly intervals, following injections: (1) 10 mg DZ i.v. + placebo i.m.; (2) 10 mg DZ MM i.v. + placebo i.m.; (3) placebo i.v. + 10 mg DZ i.m.; (4) placebo i.v. + 10 mg DZ MM i.m.; (5) placebo i.v. + placebo i.m. Blood sampling, EEG-recordings, psychometric and psychophysiological tests as well as tolerance evaluations were carried out at 0, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. Blood level evaluation demonstrated after i.m. application a significantly shortened tmax, a higher Cmax and generally higher plasma concentrations in the first and second hour following the mixed-micelles solution than the standard formulation, which suggests better absorption of the former than the latter in the muscle. Subsequent to i.v. administration, lower blood levels were observed between 30 min and 2 h after DZ MM than DZ. Power spectral density analysis of the EEG resulted in typical anxiolytic-sedative pharmaco-EEG profiles after all 4 active substances as compared with placebo. However, there were significant inter-drug differences as far as topographic aspects (pharmaco-EEG maps) were concerned. DZ MM i.v. induced significantly more initial but also late delta augmentation, alpha attenuation and centroid slowing than DZ i.v. which suggests more sedative effects at those times. Following i.m. application, a significantly more pronounced delta/theta attenuation, beta augmentation and centroid acceleration after DZ MM than DZ suggested more anxiolytic effects of the novel than the standard formulation. Discriminant analysis of changes in 6 thymopsychic, 12 noopsychic and 17 psychophysiological variables demonstrated the best discrimination of the 4 substances based on thymopsychic effects. Considering the latter, all 4 active compounds differed significantly from placebo, with no inter-drug differences after i.v. application but a marked superiority of the novel mixed-micelles solution over the standard solution after i.m. application. Specifically, DZ MM i.m. induced more desactivation and affect-attenuation than DZ i.m.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Topographic brain mapping of EEG before and after open-heart surgery.

The brain function of 60 patients undergoing open-heart surgery (36 patients receiving coronary artery bypass, 21 patients valve replacements, 3 both) was investigated before and 10 days after the operation utilizing topographic brain mapping of the electroencephalogram (EEG). The postoperative EEG changes were characterized by a slight delta-theta increase, an alpha decrease [especially in the fast alpha (10.5-13 Hz) band] and a beta increase in the relative power. The total power and the absolute power of the delta-theta, alpha and beta showed a decrease, the dominant frequency a significant slowing from 9.7 to 9.3 Hz. The centroid of alpha and beta activity decreased as well. These results are similar to findings obtained in patients with organic brain syndrome. The EEG changes were prominent over the left hemisphere, which may be of particular clinical relevance.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Drug profiling by computed electroencephalography and brain maps, with special consideration of sertraline and its psychometric effects.

The five main psychopharmacological drug groups are reviewed in respect of their effects on the pharmaco-electroencephalogram (pharmaco-EEG), with special consideration given to drug profiling by topographic brain mapping. In addition, the CNS effects of sertraline (100, 200, and 400 mg), zimelidine (100 mg), and placebo were studied. The pharmaco-EEG profiles of both sertraline (100 mg) and zimelidine were indicative of vigilance-enhancement seen after desipramine-type antidepressants; with higher sertraline dosages there was a change toward the sedation associated with imipramine-type antidepressants. Both sertraline (100 mg) and zimelidine improved psychometric performance, although some deterioration occurred with higher sertraline (200 and 400 mg) doses. Psychophysiological variables showed dose-dependent changes in CNS activation and pupillary dilatation. Adverse effects were minimal with both sertraline (100 mg) and zimelidine, while nausea and vomiting increased with sertraline 200 and 400 mg.

1-Naphthylamine↗