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B Petchclai

Publications and source records attributed to B Petchclai.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A new solid phase passive hemagglutination test for IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen.

There is a need for a simple, sensitive, specific, and inexpensive test for immunoglobulin M antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc IgM). A solid phase passive hemagglutination test (SP-PHA) was developed for this purpose and compared with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) used in PHA and SP-PHA was synthesized in Escherichia coli. Human IgM was captured to a microtiter plate coated with anti-human IgM, and the presence of anti-HBc IgM was demonstrated by the adherence of HBcAg-sensitized erythrocytes to the bottom of a U-shaped microtiter plate. ELISA and SP-PHA were made at 1:100 and 1:1,000 serum dilution, respectively. Both were positive in 100% of 36 cases of acute hepatitis B, 68.18% of 22 cases of chronic hepatitis B, and 20% of 75 healthy carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) but none in 65 anti-HBc-positive blood donors that had negative results for HBsAg. Results of both tests were identical but were false positive because rheumatoid factor was found only in ELISA. End-point titration by SP-PHA and PHA was also found useful for the differentiation of acute hepatitis B from chronic hepatitis B and HBsAg carriers.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1987

Passive hemagglutination test for enteric fever.

A passive hemagglutination (PHA) test for serodiagnosis of enteric fever was developed by sensitizing glutaraldehyde-preserved erythrocytes with lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella serogroups A, B, C, and D singly or simultaneously. The lipopolysaccharide-sensitized erythrocytes were tested with sera from 200 blood donors, 100 patients whose hemoculture was positive for Salmonella species, and 10 patients septicemic for other members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. The PHA test was positive in 90% of 28 acute-phase serum samples from patients with enteric fever from one hospital and in 93% of 72 acute-phase serum samples from another hospital. It was also positive in 100 and 60% of early- and late-convalescent-phase sera, respectively. The PHA test was negative in all patients septicemic for other members of the Enterobacteriaceae. Absorption of sera from patients with enteric fever with lipopolysaccharide from other members of the Enterobacteriaceae did not reduce PHA titers, indicating the specificity of the PHA test. Simultaneous sensitization with lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella serogroups A, B, C, and D was useful as a screening test in a limited trial with 28 acute-phase sera, 10 early-convalescent-phase sera, and 17 late-convalescent-phase sera. The PHA test is indeed a simple, sensitive, specific, and rapid test supplementing hemoculture in laboratory diagnosis of enteric fever.

Enterobacteriaceae↗
PubMed1986

Passive hemagglutination test for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen.

Available tests for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) are complicated. A passive hemagglutination assay for anti-HBc was developed by sensitizing sheep erythrocytes with hepatitis B core antigen synthesized by a recombinant DNA technique. It was compared with a commercial passive hemagglutination assay and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for anti-HBc and showed good agreement with both. It is rapid, simple, and sensitive.

DNA, Recombinant↗
PubMed1986

Application of indirect hemagglutination test and indirect fluorescent antibody test for IgM antibody for diagnosis of melioidosis in Thailand.

In hyperendemic areas such as Thailand, rapid diagnosis of melioidosis depends upon both bacteriological culture and serological methods. However, interpretation of indirect hemagglutination (IHA) for melioidosis which is the only test available, is seriously hampered by increased IHA titers present in one-third to one-half of the population. In order to get the best results from the available tests, IHA and indirect fluorescent antibody for IgM (IFA-IgM) were evaluated in controls and patients in Thailand. IHA titers of greater than or equal to 1:40 were considered remote or recent exposure to P. pseudomallei. IHA titers of this level were found in 47.1% of 227 blood donors and 29.5% of 210 sera submitted for other tests, while IFA-IgM was positive in only one donor who had an IHA titer of 1:1,280. IHA was positive in eight out of nine patients with melioidosis with IHA titers of less than 1:20 to 1:2,560. IFA-IgM was positive in six out of seven melioidosis patients whose sera were available for this test including a serum with IHA titer of less than 1:20. Six patients were predisposed by diabetes mellitus. Among sera serologically tested for melioidosis, 33 had IHA titers of 1:80-1:1,280, 10 of which were positive for IFA-IgM. This study demonstrates high background IHA titers among IHA titers among Thai people which greatly limits its use for serodiagnosis of melioidosis. In sharp contrast, serodiagnosis by IFA-IgM was more successful. Positive IFA-IgM among healthy Thais did exist indicating that serologic tests for melioidosis at best are only supplementary to bacteriological culture and clinical awareness.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Sporadic cases of carriers of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in Southeast Asia.

Sera obtained from 3,472 persons in Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines and Indonesia were tested for the presence of antibody to adult T-cell leukemia-associated antigen by the gelatin particle agglutination test and indirect immunofluorescence. Among these, only two seropositives were identified. One was a 30-year-old male Malaysian of Indian origin. The other was a 42-year-old female Thai who resided in Bangkok. These results suggested that the infection of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 might not be endemic in these countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Immunoglobulins in leprosy.

Serum immunoglobulins were estimated by the single radial immunodiffusion technique and the results were compared among various groups of leprosy patients. Most of the serum immunoglobulin classes are increased in lepromatous leprosy patients. Controls from different regions in Thailand and even from two populations in the same region show different results. This can lead to different interpretations of results in leprosy patients and may explain apparent discrepancies in earlier studies of serum immunoglobulins in leprosy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Alpha chain disease in the Thai man.

A 61-year-old Thai man presented with a history of chronic diarrhoea of 1-2 years duration. Stool examination revealed a heavy parasitic infection. Several anthelminthics were given without benefit, despite disappearance of the intestinal parasites. Serum protein studies revealed abnormal alpha heavy chain. Two courses of cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone were followed by a brief remission in his symptoms. A 21 day course of tetracycline was then given, resulting in an improvement in his condition. He is still symptom free nine months after confirmation of the diagnosis, without any further treatment. Serum protein studies should be included in laboratory investigations of a patient with chronic diarrhoea.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1980

Application of thin layer immunoassay (TIA) for demonstration of antibodies against Entamoeba histolytica.

Thin layer immunoassay (TIA) was used to demonstrate antibodies against Entamoeba histolytica in sera from patients and blood donors. The TIA results agreed well with those obtained by the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) and immunodiffusion (ID) techniques. It is suggested that because of its technical simplicity and low cost TIA may be used alternatively or in addition to the IHA and ID techniques for screening patient sera for antibodies to E. histolytica. However, the new technique must first be evaluated on a goup of clinically well defined patients with different stages of amebiasis.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1980

Cell-mediated immune response in amebiasis.

Studies on cell-mediated immune response (CMIR) to amebia antigen in amebic liver abscess showed conflicting results. The leucocyte migration test was employed in nine cases of amebic liver abscess and CMIR to amebic antigen was demonstrated in four cases. The role of CMIR in the pathogenesis of amebic liver abscess remains unknown but its presence is confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The value of an indirect hemagglutination test for streptococcal antibodies in children with acute rheumatic fever.

This study was made to evaluate the value of the IHA test for streptococcal antibodies in children with acute rheumatic fever in comparison with the conventional ASO titer. The upper limit titers of ASO and IHA in control group were 170 and 640 respectively. All sera from 37 patients with rheumatic fever had IHA titers over 640. In contrast, the level of ASO titer above upper normal limits was found in only 62% of these cases. This report present data which favours the use of IHA test. Its sensitivity is very similar to that of the commercial Anti Streptozyme test. In addition, the test is simple and could be performed economically. More studies are needed to evaluate the test further. If the results proved as favourable as this report a negative test would be of a considerable value in excluding the diagnosis of acute, rheumatic fever especially in questionable cases.

Acute Disease↗