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Biomedical subjects

B Persson

Publications and source records attributed to B Persson.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

A double-blind comparative evaluation of tolmetin versus naproxen in osteoarthritis.

A double-blind, between patient trial was carried out in 70 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip joint. Patients were allocated at random to treatment with either 800 mg tolmetin sodium daily or 500 mg naproxen daily over a period of 12 weeks, both drugs being given in identical capsule form in a dosage of 2 capsules twice daily. The results of assessments of functional and subjective parameters before nad during treatment suggest that tolmetin sodium was at least as effective as naproxen in relieving pain and the incidence of side-effects as naproxen in relieving pain and the incidence of side-effects in the two groups was similar.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1981

Cyclofenil versus placebo in progressive systemic sclerosis. A one-year double-blind crossover study of 27 patients.

Cyclofenil was evaluated versus placebo in the treatment of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS, scleroderma) in a 2 x 6-month double-blind crossover study. The mean duration of disease was six years. Of 38 patients entering the study, 27 completed both periods. Reasons for drop-outs were very high liver transaminases in three cases, cardiac death in two, and drug allergy, alcoholic problems, suspected congestive heart failure, reactivation of tuberculosis, arteriosclerotic heart disease, and lethal progression of PSS in one case each. No fatality was attributed to cyclofenil. Liver enzyme abnormalities were seen in 13 of 35 active drug periods and in 5 of 30 placebo periods. Cutaneous and visceral involvement were assessed by a large battery of subjective parameters and objective tests. Overall improvement was seen during 17 drug periods and nine placebo periods (N.S.), but a paired comparison of the status at the end of each treatment period resulted in the following distribution: 15 were improved at the end of the drug period, four at the end of placebo period (p less than 0.01) and eight were unchanged. In patients with a disease duration of five years or less, joint stiffness and pain were less on drug than on placebo treatment (p less than 0.05). In the whole group, oesophageal peristalsis improved (p less than 0.05). Blood folate increased (p less than 0.01). Working capacity was lower after the drug period than after the placebo period (p less than 0.05). Several other parameters, however, did not change significantly. Cyclofenil appears to be a promising drug in the treatment of PSS and should be tested further in controlled long-term studies.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1980

Influence of vasoactive drugs on blood flow in subcutaneous tumors--an experimental study in rats.

Subcutaneously implanted tumors in Wistar and Lister rats were used as a model for the study of metastatic tumor blood flow and how it is affected by vasoactive drugs. Blood flow measurements were obtained using the labelled microsphere method and the reference organ technique. Microspheres (15-micrometers) labelled with either 99Tcm or 51Cr isotopes were injected intracardially and a reference sample was drawn simultaneously at constant speed. This was performed before and after the infusion of vasoactive drugs, and (as control), saline infusion. The drugs tested (adrenaline, noradrenaline, glucagon, histamine, and vasopressin) showed profound effects on central hemodynamic parameters and on muscle and skin blood flow. The relative tumor blood flow, measured as the ratio between tumor and skin or tumor and muscle blood flow, was calculated. The results show that no enhancement of the relative tumor blood flow could be registered. In fact, a decrease in the tumor-to-muscle-blood-flow ratio was noted when noradrenaline was infused, and in the tumor-to-skin ratio when adrenaline was infused. Blood flow in subcutaneous tumors was four to five times that in muscle or skin. Tumor blood flow was also inversely related to the size of the tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Involvement of central GABA receptors in the regulation of the urinary bladder function of anaesthetized rats.

Cystometric recordings were performed in pentobarbitone anaesthetized rats and the effects of gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA) mechanisms on urinary bladder function were evaluated as their influence on a bladder hyperactivity induced by 1-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) after peripheral decarboxylase inhibition. The bladder response was inhibited by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v., 4th ventricle) injections of GABA (250 microgram), muscimol (0.2 microgram) and glycine (1,000 microgram) as well as by systemically administered muscimol (4 mg/kg) and diazepam (2 mg/kg). Intravenous (i.v.) bicuculline, but not i.v. strychnine, antagonized the inhibitory actions of intraperitoneal (i.p.) and i.c.v. muscimol and i.v. diazepam while the opposite was true for the inhibitory action of i.c.v. glycine. In rats not pretreated with L-DOPA, i.p. administration of bicuculline (4 mg/kg) after 15 min caused prominent detrusor contractions that were prevented by an infracollicular brain transection. It is suggested that GABA synapses in the pontinemesencephalic brain region may be involved in the modulation of urinary bladder function.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Late recurrence of giant-cell tumor of bone: pharmacoangiographic evaluation.

Late recurrence (more than five years) of benign giant-cell tumor of bone is uncommon. Two patients were evaluated by angiography, including injection of vasoactive drugs, because of osteolytic lesions developing six and seven years after primary operation for benign giant-cell tumor. Angiography established a probable recurrence in both cases. Angiography also permitted accurate evaluation of tumor extension, facilitating pre-operative planning. Giant-cell tumors are predominantly hypervascular lesions. Angiographic evaluation is therefore recommended when a recurrent lesion is suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

HDL-increasing effect of cyclofenil.

Nineteen patients with low levels of HDL as measured by APO-AI have been treated with cyclofenil (a non-steroid stilboestrol isomer with very low oestrogenic effects) as the only form of therapy. The therapy elicited a highly significant rise of about 15% in HDL levels. A slight increase in transaminases occurred in 6 patients but was reversible without terminating therapy.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1980

Cerebral blood flow and metabolic rate of oxygen, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies and amino acids.

The cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) of oxygen, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies, and 24 amino acids were examined in 10 healthy subjects, five 21-24 and five 55-65 years old. The subjects were free from drugs. The results of psychometric and neurological examinations were negative. CBF was determined with the nitrous oxide method on the subjects who were awake and normocapnic and had fasted overnight. No differences were found between the young and the old groups except in arterial levels of four amino acids, viz. aspartic acid, methionine, lysine, and tryptophan. In the whole group of 10 subjects, a significant cerebral net uptake (expressed as median values in mumol X kg-1 X min-1) was found not only for oxygen (1719) and glucose (248), but also for acetoacetate (4.3), D-beta-hydroxybutyrate (6.2), arginine (2.0), leucine (5.2), and isoleucine (1.2). There was a significant net release of lactate (-28). CBF was positively correlated to the CMR of oxygen and D-beta-hydroxybutyrate. Arterial concentrations and CMR were positively correlated for ketone bodies, glutamic acid, proline and taurine. It is of particular interest that the whole group of healthy subjects showed a significant cerebral uptake of branched-chain and dibasic amino acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Central cardiovascular effects of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid: interactions with noradrenaline, serotonin, dopamine and acetylcholine transmission.

Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHBA) increased arterial blood pressure and heart rate dose-dependently following intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular administration to conscious rats. Cardiovascular responses to GHBA were completely prevented after pretreatment with reserpine or phenoxybenzamine and after a prehypothalamic brain transection. Intraperitoneal GHBA increased brain noradrenaline (NA) synthesis and utilization, particularly in the neocortex. Selective central NA depletion in combination with NA synthesis inhibition prevented the cardiovascular effects of GHBA. No overt interactions were observed with agents influencing 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), or acetylcholine (Ach) transmission. Pentobarbitone but not diazepam or diphenylhydantoin abolished the hypertensive properties of GHBA. We conclude that the cardiovascular effects of GHBA are of central origin and that they are mediated via the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. They are dependent on an intact central NA transmission while there are few indications for a significant role of central DA-, 5-HT or Ach-mechanisms.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1980

Effect of GABA analogues on blood pressure and central GABA metabolism in the rat.

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and different GABA analogues were examined for their cardiovascular actions and their influence on striatal dopamine (DA) levels and GABA accumulation after aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA). Gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHBA) and baclofen caused hypertension and tachycardia after systemic as well as intracerebroventricular administration, while the opposite was true for GABA and muscimol. The hypertension after GHBA and baclofen was not reduced by picrotoxin or bicuculline and was not influenced by varying GABA levels by 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) or AOAA. GHBA and muscimol but not baclofen reduced GABA accumulation induced by AOAA. Picrotoxin in a subconvulsive dose increased GABA accumulation and antagonized the inhibition after GHBA or muscimol. Bicuculline and a moderate dose of picrotoxin tended to decrease GABA accumulation by themselves and if anything augmented the effects of GHBA and muscimol. GHBA and baclofen but not muscimol in combination with AOAA increased DA levels, which was not prevented by picrotoxin or bicuculline. We conclude that the cardiovascular actions of GHBA and baclofen are probably not mediated by mechanisms identical to those of muscimol or exogenous GABA. In view of the biochemical results their actions would however be compatible with a concept of different GABA receptors.

3-Mercaptopropionic Acid↗
PubMed1980

Cerebral blood flow and exchange of oxygen, glucose ketone bodies, lactate, pyruvate and amino acids in anesthetized children.

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral av differences of oxygen, glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, lactate, pyruvate and amino acids were measured in anaesthetized children before elective surgery in order to study possible age-dependent variations. CBF was measured in 70 children, aged 11 days to 15 years. Cerebral av differences were studied in approximately 50% of the subjects. Mean values were: CBF 0.65 ml x g-1 x min-1, cerebral exchange in nmoles x g-1 x min-1; 1348, glucose 248, acetoacetate 12,3-hydroxybutyrate 34 (uptake), lactate-48, pyruvate-8 (release). No net exchange of amino acids was found with the exception of histidine (uptake). Neither CBF nor the cerebral exchange of oxygen and circulating substrates showed any correlation to age within the group. Compared with adults anesthetized by the same technique (barbiturate induction, nitrous oxide-oxygen relaxant) the children had a slightly higher mean CBF, while the cerebral uptake of oxygen and glucose were equal to values in adults. The cerebral uptake of ketone bodies was higher in children than reported values in adults investigated in the awake state after comparable periods of fasting.

Acetoacetates↗
PubMed1980

Prolonged exercise in adolescent boys with juvenile diabetes mellitus. Circulatory and metabolic responses in relation to perceived exertion.

Seven well-trained adolescent boys with juvenile diabetes mellitus were studied. They were non-ketotic and performed a 60 min exercise in the afternoon at an average intensity of 58% of maximal working capacity. Blood glucose, blood lactate, plasma levels of insulin, C-peptide and 3-hydroxybutyrate, oxygen uptake and respiratory quotient were determined. The perception of exertion was scored as rate of perceived exertion. Healthy athletes of the same age were controls. Blood glucose, monitored continuously, decreased successively after 10-15 min of exercise with a significant correlation to the pre-exercise glucose value. Blood glucose decreased during exercise to the same level or below that of controls. Despite hypoglycemia with values of 2-3 mmol/l, the exercise continued. Plasma insulin was unchanged. The 3-hydroxybutyrate level was significantly higher in the diabetics, increased somewhat during exercise and still more during the recovery period. The diabetic subjects had significantly higher systolic blood pressure and heart rate during exercise despite a relatively equal work intensity and lower absolute workload. The rate of perceived exertion increased normally during exercise without interference of decreasing blood glucose.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Central cardiovascular and biochemical effects of baclofen in the conscious rat.

Baclofen (beta-D-chlorophenyl-GABA, 1.25-10 mg kg-1 i.p.) elicited dose-dependent increases in blood pressure and heart rate in conscious rats. similar responses were observed after intracisternal or intracerebroventricular injections of baclofen 0.125-1 microgram kg-1. Baclofen i.p. was largely ineffective after spinal transection at C7. Pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine, bethanidine or hexamethonium antagonized the cardiovascular effects of i.p. baclofen. These actions were significantly attenuated after catecholamine depletion and synthesis inhibition by means of alpha-methyl-m-tyrosine and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine. The responses to baclofen were not affected by bilateral adrenal demedullation but abolished by pentobarbitone anaesthesia. Hence, the cardiovascular effects of baclofen are probably evoked from central nervous structures and mediated via the sympathetic nervous system. In doses corresponding to those used in the circulatory studies i.p. baclofen increaed endogenous concentrations of brain DA and decreased DA utilization but only slightly affected brain NA concentrations and utilization.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of the visible spectrum of reflected light from muscle tissue in rats breathing varying amounts of oxygen in nitrogen or perfused with saline.

One of the most important problems in the treatment of injuries caused by high velocity missiles is to find the borderline between viable and non-viable muscle tissue. Technical aids using spectrophotographic principles are designed. The present investigation was performed in order to study the absorption of incident light in muscle tissue spectrographically and to compare vital muscle tissue supplied with blood of varying degrees of oxygen saturation in rats. Transmission of light through transparencies was analysed spectrographically. Transmission of muscle tissue without blood is responsible for approximately 60% of the total transmission. Rats breathing 100% oxygen differ in transmission significantly from the control group (breathing air) within the wavelength region of 430--570 nm. Rats breathing 10% oxygen show no significant difference to the control group.

Absorption↗