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Biomedical subjects

B Pasquier

Publications and source records attributed to B Pasquier.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Digestion and absorption of tube-feeding emulsions with different droplet sizes and compositions in the rat.

Assimilation of lipid nutrients depends on the efficiency of emulsified fat hydrolysis by digestive lipases. As shown in vitro, the activity of preduodenal and pancreatic lipases is governed by the physicochemical properties of emulsions. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate in the rat how emulsions are digested and assimilated depending on their droplet size or solute composition. Fasted rats were intragastrically tube fed emulsions with different median droplet sizes (0.6 microns, fine; 22 microns, coarse) or solute composition (0.8 microns, complex fine) containing 14C-triolein and 3H-cholesterol. Two and 5 hours after feeding, fat-droplet size was measured in gastric and duodenal contents, and lipids were radioactively quantified in different compartments. In the stomach, the droplet size of the fine emulsions significantly increased to values (13 microns to 24 microns) comparable with those of the coarse emulsion (35 microns to 36 microns). In the duodenum, the droplet sizes of the three emulsions were in the range of 14 microns to 33 microns. After 2 hours, gastric triglyceride hydrolysis was significantly higher with the fine than with the coarse emulsion and was lower with the complex fine emulsion. Gastric emptying of fat was significantly different, with the following decreasing order: coarse, fine, and complex fine emulsion. In the small intestine, the fine and coarse emulsions were processed comparably, whereas the assimilation of the fine complex emulsion was significantly delayed. Calculations indicate that ingested fatty acids were distributed in the peripheral tissues at different rates with the same decreasing order. The fate of a lipophilic nutrient, cholesterol, was also markedly altered by the type of emulsion. These data support the concept that tube-fed emulsions with different droplet sizes and solute composition are digested differently and thus are metabolized differently.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantification and distribution of neovascularization following microinjection of C6 glioma cells in rat brain.

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that the switch to an angiogenic phenotype can separate the development of a tumor into two stages: the prevascular phase and the vascular phase. The purpose of the present work is to demonstrate the existence of an angiogenic switch in a longitudinal study of a brain tumor model during tumor growth by means of microvessel density measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on 32 rats bearing C6 glioma. At different stages of tumor growth, the histological aspects were described and sections were immunostained for factor VIII-related antigen in order to highlight microvessel endothelial cells. Microvessels were counted at 400 magnification for different areas (central non necrotic area, peripheral area, contralateral grey and white matter area), using image analysis software. RESULTS: Vessel density was significantly higher at the tumor-brain interface than in the center of the tumor or in the contralateral cortex. The vessel density remains stable in the tumor during the first 3 weeks after cell implantation, after which a clear increase of vessel density can be observed. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates the presence of an angiogenic switch which is concomitant with the development of necrosis and pseudopalisading pattern.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nodular tumor of the filum terminale: cellular ependymoma].

Cellular type, nodular ependymomas of the filum terminale are rare. They have to be well known since their histological diagnosis is difficult and since they could be mistaken for metastases, when their prognosis after surgical exeresis is excellent. These notions are recalled about an anatomoclinical case.

Cauda Equina↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Extra-articular cervical synovial sarcomas. Review of the literature apropos of 2 cases].

Two cases of extra-articular synovial sarcoma are reported together with a review of the literature. The analysis of 44 cases shows that this tumor appears among young people particularly between 10 and 30 years of age and is twice more frequent among males. There can be metastasis mostly in lungs (11 times), which can sometimes appear much later (more than 10 years after the first diagnosis). The 5-year survival rate is here, 13/18; this is higher than for similar tumors located in the juxta-articular area. The great size of the tumoral nodule (more than 5 centimeters) is of a bad omen for the prognosis. As regards therapy, isolated surgical exeresis seems to have given results at least as good as these of surgery associated to radiotherapy. In all cases, the diagnosis is based on a light microscopic study which shows two tightly linked histological patterns: a proliferation of fusiform cells and glandular like formations. This feature is not definitely pathognostic and is very similar to tumors of glandular origin, with myoepithelial proliferation. Some examples could indeed be classified as extra-articular cervical synovialo-sarcoma. They could originate in pharyngeal and laryngeal mucous glands. This histogenetic hypothesis could account for the highly favorable evolution of some cases which were reported as synovialo-sarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vertebro-basilar dissecting aneurysm : an anatomo-clinical case study fibrodysplasia of the left vertebral artery (author's transl)].

A new anatomo-clinical case of vertebro-basilar dissecting aneurysm in a 43 year old woman is reported. The originality of this study comes from the autopsic discovery of an intimal fibro-dysplasia at the origin of the dissection in the left vertebral artery. The authors also included anatomoclinical and pathogenic comments about both the lesions discussed.

Adult↗