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Biomedical subjects

B Newman

Publications and source records attributed to B Newman.

263 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of ethanol on dopamine synthesis in rat striatal synaptosomes.

We have examined the effects of acute and chronic ethanol treatment and of ethanol withdrawal on dopamine synthesis in rat striatal synaptosomes in vitro. Our studies showed that acute exposure to ethanol produces a dose-related decrease in dopamine synthesis in synaptosomes. This effect of acute ethanol treatment is time-dependent, since there is an initial stimulation of dopamine synthesis, which then is followed by a depression of synthesis. Chronic exposure to ethanol in the form of a liquid diet for 2 weeks does not alter dopamine synthesis in striatal synaptosomes. After withdrawal from ethanol, dopamine synthesis in striatal synaptosomes is decreased.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic analyses of restriction fragment length polymorphisms using high molecular weight DNA from sperm or lymphocytes embedded in agarose.

A simple and efficient method for determining restriction fragment length polymorphism types on large numbers of individuals using small samples of peripheral blood or sperm cells is described. Whole cells embedded in low gelling/melting temperature agarose were treated with a series of enzyme, detergent, and washing steps to release high molecular weight DNA that was then digested with standard restriction enzymes such as EcoRI and PstI, electrophoresed, blotted, and probed as in normal Southern analyses. The technique should be readily adaptable to any application requiring DNA from small numbers of cells for Southern analyses or pulsed field gel electrophoresis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Altered in vitro uptake of norepinephrine by cardiovascular tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Part 1. Mesenteric artery.

The incorporation of tritiated norepinephrine (NE) by mesenteric arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the Okamoto strain and from age-matched Wistar Kyoto (WKY) controls was studied. The arteries were incubated with tritiated NE, and fractions were isolated by differential and sucrose density gradient centrifugations. The amount of radioactivity present in certain subfractions (P3 pellet) of the SHR arteries was significantly higher than that of WKY arteries. When the P3 subfraction was lysed and subjected to sucrose density gradient centrifugation, the tritiated NE was found to ba associated with the 0.4-0.5 M interface. Electron micrographs of the P3 subfractions revealed a variety of vesicular structures which might represent storage sites for the tritiated NE. Although a number of factors could account for the finding of enhanced incorporation into mesenteric artery subfractions of hypertensive rats, the finding is compatible with the work of others who found increased ATPase activity in mesenteric arteries of SHRs, since ATPase is known to activate vesicular NE uptake.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Altered in vitro uptake of norepinephrine by cardiovascular tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Part 2. Portal-mesenteric veins and atria.

Norepinephrine (NE) incorporation by portal-mesenteric veins (P-M) veins) and atria of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were compared with that of age-matched Wistar Kyoto controls (WKY). Tissues were incubated in the presence of tritiated norepinephrine (3H-NE), and fractions were isolated by means by differential and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The peak of radioactivity was located in the 0.4-0.5 M sucrose region that contained vesicular materials, as shown by electron micrography. NE incorporation (picomoles/mg tissue) into the P3 subfraction of SHR atria and P-M veins was reduced; in atria, the reduction was statistically significant. These results contrasted with the enhanced 3H-NE incorporation by SHR mesenteric artery, and point out regional differences in this process.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonographic evaluation of birth injury to the shoulder.

Injuries of the proximal humerus in infants are often missed or misinterpreted because the humeral epiphysis is frequently nonossified. Ultrasonography enables direct visualization of the proximal humeral epiphysis, metaphysis, joint space, and relationship of the epiphysis with the glenoid cavity. We describe an infant with unexplained agitation and ventilatory difficulty related to a fracture of the proximal right humerus that was not appreciable on plain film radiographs. Sonographic imaging of the shoulder, with use of the opposite side for comparison, clearly demonstrated a Salter I proximal humeral fracture with marked metaphyseal displacement and preservation of the normal epiphyseal-glenoid relationship.

Birth Injuries↗