Biomedical subjects
B Myers
Publications and source records attributed to B Myers.
Estimating blood supply of the skin and intestine with the fluorescence camera.
We used fluorescein dye to evaluate the vascularity of flaps in 73 patients and of the left colon in 23 individuals after resection and replacement of the abdominal aorta. Instant photographs of the dye pattern were taken in the light using a specially modified Polaroid camera. All areas of skin and bowel that showed adequate staining with the dye survived, and all but one of ten areas that were nonfluorescent became necrotic unless they were excised or revascularized. The intraoperative use of fluorescein dye with the fluorescence camera is a useful technique for all surgeons who need to evaluate the vascularity of tissue.
Treatment of autoimmune disease with total lymphoid irradiation. Cellular and humoral mechanisms.
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Effect of prostaglandin PGE2 on alcohol-induced ulceration in the rat colon.
The effect of pretreatment with topical prostaglandin E2, prednisolone and sulphasalazine in experimental colitis has been examined in the rat colon. Only prostaglandin E2 treatment significantly reduced mucosal ulceration. Long-term exposure of the rat colon to topical ethanol produced some of the histological changes seen in human colitis.
Role of circulating human mammary epithelial antigens (HME-Ags) as serum markers for breast cancer.
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The effect of hyperbaric oxygen on the bursting strength and rate of vascularization of skin wounds in the rat.
A controlled experiment was performed to study the effect of intermittent hyperbaric oxygen on the bursting strength and new vessel formation in healing incised wounds in rats. Results indicate that hyperbaric oxygen therapy both increases the bursting strength and stimulates angiogenesis of such wounds.
C3 nephritic factor in an individual with recurrent viral infection and lipodystrophy.
A patient with nephritic factor in the serum following an attack of disseminated herpes is described. In the majority of cases, the factor is associated with mesangio-capillary glomerulonephritis, with or without partial lipodystrophy. It has, however, been described in cases of partial lipodystrophy alone, in one patient with recurrent pyogenic infections, and in one healthy individual. It has not previously been described in an individual with disseminated viral infection.
Inflammatory bowel disease: a common cause of bloody diarrhoea in visitors to the tropics.
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Regulation of pro-opiomelanocortin synthesis by dopamine and cAMP in the amphibian pituitary intermediate lobe.
The modulation of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) synthesis in Xenopus laevis pituitary intermediate lobe (IL) during background adaptation and the role of dopamine and cAMP in mediating this effect were examined. Neurointermediate lobes (NILs) were pulselabeled in vitro with [3H]arginine and analyzed for POMC synthesis by acid-urea gel electrophoresis. After black background adaptation of the animal (7 days), POMC synthesis increased 5-6-fold, while after white background adaptation (7 days), POMC synthesis decreased by 76%. Dopamine (50 microM) suppressed POMC synthesis in NILs in culture. In the absence of dopamine, POMC synthesis was stimulated. Several experiments were conducted to determine the category of dopamine receptor in the X. laevis IL. A D-2 dopamine receptor agonist inhibited immunoreactive alpha-MSH release from the NIL in a D-2 antagonist-reversible manner. A D-1 receptor agonist or antagonist did not alter the release of immunoreactive alpha-MSH from the NIL. Dopamine (10 microM) inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation. In addition, dopamine inhibition of POMC synthesis in cultured ILs was reversed by 8-Br-cAMP. These studies suggest that white background adaptation results in stimulation of the X. laevis D-2 receptor, which reduces cAMP production and POMC synthesis. Conversely, during black background adaptation the IL D-2 receptor is not stimulated, leading to increased cAMP production and POMC synthesis.
A less expensive interference filter for fluorescence photography.
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An evaluation of eight methods of using fluorescein to predict the viability of skin flaps in the pig.
The brightness of the fluorescence of fluorescein can be increased by the use of special (interference) filters that allow visualization of the dye when much smaller doses have been given. Standard random-pattern skin flaps were made in pigs and low (1 mg/kg) and high (500 mg) doses of fluorescein were given intravenously. The dye distribution in the flaps was evaluated visually, photographically, and with a dermofluorometer. All the methods proved reasonably accurate in predicting survival, although in an occasional flap, readings by all the methods were off by as much as 3.5 cm. The traditional Wood's lamp visualization proved to be as accurate as any of the newer methods. The inaccuracies of the fluorescein test are probably inherent in the method, since it only measures vascularity at the time the dye is given--and blood supply can change. The main advantage of low-dose fluorescein is that it allows repeated injections at reasonably close intervals. For serial observations, the dermofluorometer is unquestionably the best method.
How to make superb microangiograms at reasonable X-ray exposures.
The technical factors in microangiography were studied, and we found that the main limiting factor in resolution was film grain size. Ultrafine grain films exist, but they are very slow, necessitating exposures of several hours at conventional settings. Using a modern beryllium window x-ray unit, equally good images can be made in 2 to 5 minutes by using the minimum tube-to-film distance (32 cm) and the maximum kilovoltage (110 kV).
An unusual case of hidradenitis presenting as bilateral breast abscesses.
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Effect of high tension and relaxing incisions on wound healing in rats.
We developed four experimental models of rats and created abdominal wall wounds with various amounts of tension. We made the wounds under normal and high tension, both with and without relaxing incisions, and measured the bursting strengths and the rate of vascularization of the wounds. The results indicate that high closing tension impairs both of these parameters of wound healing and that relaxing incisions help in returning healing in high tension wounds toward normal.
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome: importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management.
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The development of sex role stereotypes in the third year: relationships to gender labeling, gender identity, sex-typed toy preference, and family characteristics.
The onset and development of preschoolers' awareness of sex role stereotypes, gender labeling, gender identity, and sex-typed toy preference were explored in 26-, 31-, and 36-month-old children. Gender labeling, gender identity, sex-typed toy preferences, and awareness of adult sex role differences were observed in significantly more 26-month-old children than would have been expected by chance. Verbal gender labeling was observed in a majority of 26-month-olds, while verbal and nonverbal gender identity were observed in a majority of 31-month-olds. Nonverbal gender labeling and awareness of adult sex role differences were observed in a majority of children by 36 months. No evidence of awareness of sex differences in children's toys was found in the majority of children at any age. Awareness of sex role differences in children's toys was not related to awareness of adult sex role differences. Brighter children were more aware of adult sex role differences. Sex-typed toy preference was not related to awareness of sex role differences but was related to gender identity. Predictors of sex role development included the mothers' employment, and the father's personality traits, attitudes toward women, and sex-typed activities in the home. Implications for theories of early sex role development are discussed.
Elastin synthesis during perinatal lung development in the rat.
The rate of soluble elastin synthesis was estimated in lung explants from rats of differing ages to better define periods in lung development important to the deposition of lung elastin. Lungs from rat pups at days 1, 3, 7, 9, 12, 15, and 21 post-parturition and from adult rats were incubated in a defined medium containing L-[3H]valine. Following incubation, labelled soluble elastin (tropoelastin) was separated from other soluble proteins by coacervation and electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate. The tropoelastin synthetic rate was then estimated after correcting for differences in recovery of radioactivity as tropoelastin and lung tissue L-[3H]valine specific activity. Maximal rates of elastin synthesis were observed in lung explants from 7-12-day-old rats. The rate of elastin synthesis during this period was 5-8-times the rate observed in adult rat lung (expressed per g of fresh lung) and represented approx. 2% of the total protein synthesis. Moreover, the values derived from lung explant culture for elastin synthesis were consistent with values for lung elastin deposition in the perinatal rat (5-10 micrograms elastin/h per g lung).
Intensive plasmapheresis in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
Two insulin-dependent diabetic patients with advanced nonproliferative and early proliferative retinopathy showed regression of diabetic retinopathy after three weeks of intensive plasmapheresis. Because of the sudden unexplained death in one patient, the study was stopped. However, these observations in this pilot study suggest that factors mediated through plasma contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy.