[Indication-related uroradiology].
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Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
B Marincek
Publications and source records attributed to B Marincek.
Value of computed tomography and lymphography in staging carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
CT scanning was performed on 68 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed, untreated carcinoma of the uterine cervix (FIGO stage IB-IVA). Lymphography was performed in 61 cases. Surgical pathological correlation was obtained in 16 patients. CT and clinical stage accorded only in 68%, mainly because of CT errors in the determination of parametrial involvement. CT detected enlarged lymph nodes in 60.5%, compared to 39.5% of cases with lymphographically demonstrated nodal metastases; this discrepancy resulted mainly from the inability of CT to discriminate benign nodal changes. Our data suggest lymphography as radiological staging procedure in early stage (IB, IIA) carcinoma and the routine use of CT in advanced stage (IIB-IV) disease.
Adult↗
Lymphography and computed tomography in staging nonseminomatous testicular cancer: limited detection of early stage metastatic disease.
The efficacy of lymphography and computed tomography (CT) in staging nonseminomatous testicular cancer was analyzed in 41 patients. Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in 30 patients with early tumor stage revealed 56% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and 80% overall accuracy for lymphography; CT was less accurate (44% sensitivity, 81% specificity, 70% overall accuracy). The presence of advanced disease in 11 patients was depicted equally by lymphography and CT, but CT better demonstrated the anatomic extent of the metastases. CT is valuable for discriminating between advanced and early tumor stages; the similar inaccuracy of lymphography in early disease militates against its routine and complementary use; retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy then remains the only accurate staging modality.
Adolescent↗
Response of neoplastic and normal vasculature to acetylcholine.
Intravascular acetylcholine causes vasodilation and an increase in normal tissue blood flow and could reasonably be expected to increase blood flow in malignant neoplasms. In this study using the microsphere reference sample technique, however, blood flow of V2 carcinoma, implanted in several organ sites in rabbits, was found to decrease after both an intra-arterial bolus and infusion of acetylcholine chloride. Cardiac output was not significantly changed. These observations may explain the recent report by Marincek et al. of a decrease in CT X-ray absorption in renal neoplasms after acetylcholine and previous reports of the lack of utility of vasodilators in improving the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms after arteriography.
Acetylcholine↗
[Computer tomographic-directed fine needle aspiration biopsy of pelvic masses].
CT-aided fine needle biopsy was performed in 48 patients with pelvic space-occupying lesions demonstrated by computer tomography. Amongst 36 patients with malignant neoplasms, recurrences or metastases, malignant cells were found in 26 (72%). In six out of twelve patients suspected of having a pelvic abscess, fine needle puncture confirmed the diagnosis by providing positive bacteriological results. CT-aided puncture should be used in conjunction with computer tomography in order to clarify the aetiology of space-occupying lesions. The indication for CT-aided puncture is the presence of a pelvic space-occupying lesions which cannot be demarcated by sonography.
Abscess↗
[Computer tomographic guided fine needle puncture of abdominal masses].
CT-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy was carried out in 177 patients with proven intra-, retro- or extraperitoneal lesions. This method verified the diagnosis in 89/132 cases (66%) with malignant neoplasia, metastases and recurrent malignant tumors. In 45 patients with benign or inflammatory lesions of the intra- and retroperitoneal space, fine-needle puncture showed a purulent liquid, inflammatory altered cell elements or a positive bacteriological result. The success of CT fine-needle puncture depends mainly on the examiner's experience, the exact localization of the needle, and careful handling of the cytological material. Fine-needle puncture should be applied simultaneously with CT when an undefined space-occupying lesion is present. Unsuccessful sonography is an indication for CT-guided fine-needle puncture.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗
[CT morphology of biliary neoplasias (author's transl)].
In a retrospective study the Ct morphology of cholecystocarcinomas, cholangiocarcinomas and papillary carcinomas is discussed on the basis of 36 patients. Particular attention is given to the differential diagnostic criteria.
Adult↗
Compromised CT detection of extracranial malignant neoplasms by steroid treatment.
Computed tomographic attenuation coefficients in six rabbit thigh V2 carcinomas were studied before and after steroid treatment. In four V2 tumors with effective steroid treatment, the density difference between V2 carcinoma and normal muscles decreased on both pre- and postcontrast scans (17.9 and 21.8 Hounsfield units, respectively--HU: 1,000 scale) attributable mainly to altered tumor X-ray absorption; 3 weeks after steroid withdrawal, normal and malignant tissue density differences increased and returned toward base line. Two V2 tumors failed to respond to steroids; the precontrast density difference between V2 carcinoma and normal muscle was nearly constant, and the postcontrast density difference increased by 6.8 HU. In patients taking steroids, malignant tumors may become isodense with the surrounding normal tissue and be difficult or impossible to detect. Changes in tumor density may also prove to be a useful marker off therapeutic efficacy.
Absorptiometry, Photon↗
A CT scanning approach to the evaluation of left paraaortic pseudotumors.
Normal structures and organs were observed during clinical computed tomography as potential sources of false-positive tumor diagnosis. The left paraaortic region was a common location of pseudotumor masses that were frequently found to be of vascular or intestinal origin. Cases presented demonstrate that an appropriate use of conventional contrast medium can differentiate a normal anatomic structure simulating a mass from a pathologic process.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗
Contrast enhancement of malignant tumors after intravenous polyvinylpyrrolidone with metallic salts as determined by computed tomography.
Rabbits with V2 carcinoma thigh implants received intravenous injections of solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and metallic salts. This resulted in dense contrast enhancement of the carcinomas in some of the studies, as determined both by computed tomography (CT) and conventional radiography. The contrast enhancement lasted for several weeks, greatly facilitating tumor detection. The magnitude and duration of this contrast enhancement would be expected to improve CT detection of small lesions and to be useful in evaluating the efficacy of therapy.
Animals↗
Ultrasonic hyperthermia for animal tumor treatment: CT assessment.
The effect of cancer treatment by ultrasound-induced hyperthermia in domestic pets was evaluated by computed tomography (CT) regarding changes in tumor volume and x-ray attenuation after intravenous contrast material. CT scanning is more accurate in measuring tumor volume than estimates after surface measurements. A decrease inn tumor volume and x-ray attenuation after contrast medium seems to be a valuable index of tumor response to hyperthermia.
Animals↗
[Role of renal function and calcemia in demonstration of kidneys in 99mTc-diphosphonate skeletal scintigrams (author's transl)].
Normally, in 99mTc-diphosphonate-skeletal scintigrams the kidneys are delineated with the same intensity as the lumbar spine; This is not the case in patients with reduced renal function. In a series of 20 patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency, a continuous decrease in the renal intensity with increasing serum creatinine was seen: clearly recognizable decreased renal intensity in patients with serum creatinine over 2 mg%, and no visualization of the kidneys in patients with serum creatinine over 8 mg%. This effect is intensified through a simultaneously existing hypercalcemia has the opposite effect, i.e., the intensity decrease is partially prevented. In patients with normal renal function a hypercalcemia even leads to an increased renal intensity. As a further cause for excessive renal intensity, an increased parenchymal transit time was found in the radionephrography in 5 out of 11 patients with normal serum creatinine in whom the increased renal intensity in the skeletal scintigram was a chance finding.
Calcium↗
Frequency of bilateral tumours and primary retroperitoneal localization in tumours of the testicles.
Report on 4 patients with bilateral testicular tumours (out of a total number of 181 cases) and the problems arising with a second course of irradiation. The question of histogenesis and therapeutic course in 4 patients with a primary retroperitoneal tumour localization are discussed in the second part.
Adult↗
[Metastasizing appendiceal carcinoids with the carcinoid syndrome].
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Adult↗
Effect of hypothyroidism on phosphorus metabolism in muscle and liver: in vivo P-31 MR spectroscopy study.
Hypothyroidism is known to affect nearly every organ and organ system of the human body. The goal of the present study was to gain insight into the phosphorus metabolism and bioenergetic function of striated (calf) muscle and liver in patients with hypothyroidism before and after thyroid hormone treatment. With an ISIS (image-selected in vivo spectroscopy) magnetic resonance (MR) technique for volume selection, phosphorus-31 metabolism of the calf muscle in 10 patients and of the liver in seven patients with severe hypothyroidism was studied before and after treatment. In addition, spectra from the calf muscle and liver were obtained in 10 healthy volunteers. Relative to those from the healthy subjects, the P-31 MR spectra from patients with hypothyroidism showed a significantly diminished phosphocreatine/inorganic phosphate ratio (P less than .01). After thyroid hormone substitution therapy, this ratio returned to normal values within several weeks. No statistically significant changes in the spectra of liver tissue could be detected. The results support the theory that hypothyroidism induces a hormone-dependent, fully reversible impairment of the energy metabolism of striated muscle. Changes in liver metabolism observed with biochemical methods are apparently not detectable with state-of-the-art P-31 MR spectroscopy.
Adult↗
Oral superparamagnetic contrast agent (ferumoxsil): tolerance and efficacy in MR imaging of gynecologic diseases.
The purpose of this study was to determine the tolerance and the efficacy of the oral contrast agent ferumoxsil in the assessment of gynecologic diseases. Twenty patients underwent MR imaging at 1.5 T. T1-weighted spin-echo (SE) and T2-weighted fast SE images were obtained before and after ingestion of 600-900 mL of the superparamagnetic negative contrast agent ferumoxsil. No side effects were observed. No statistically significant increase in artifact generation was present in the postcontrast images. The efficacy in bowel marking was significant for the small bowel (P = .0001) and the cecum (P < .01), but not significant in all sequences for the sigmoid. In the postcontrast images, delineation of the uterus, the right-sided adnexa, the lymph nodes, and the pathologic lesions was significantly better (P < .01), but not all sequences showed an improvement in delineation of the other pelvic organs. After administration of ferumoxsil, the level of confidence in diagnosis was significantly higher (P = .0001), but no change in diagnosis was made from the pre- to the postcontrast images. We found the oral contrast agent ferumoxsil to be well tolerated and effective in marking the bowel and in delineating the normal organs as well as the pathologic lesions on pelvic MR images.
Administration, Oral↗
Amebic abscess of the liver manifested by "hemoptysis": US, CT, and MRI findings.
Ultrasonographic (US), computed tomographic (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a patient suffering from an amebic abscess of the liver complicated by a bronchohepatic fistula are presented. Subsequent to US, CT provided the specific diagnosis. Multiplanar MRI was valuable to directly visualize the secondary diaphragmatic rupture and the bronchohepatic fistula.
Bronchial Fistula↗
Primary neuroendocrine tumors of the liver: MRI features in two cases.
We report on two patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as part of the evaluation of focal liver lesions. Both lesions had completely different MRI appearances, showing characteristics of benign and malignant liver lesions. Neither patient had clinical signs of endocrine hyperactivity, and both underwent subsequent liver resection. Histology showed neuroendocrine liver tumors in both patients; and because no primary tumor could be identified after careful search, the diagnosis of primary neureoendocrine tumor of the liver was established. Our observations suggest that primary neuroendocrine tumors of the liver may have a wide spectrum of appearances on MRI.
Female↗