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Biomedical subjects

B Luther

Publications and source records attributed to B Luther.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A new orientation in surgical education in Berlin at the turn of the 18th to the 19th century].

The new approach to surgical education is described by means of the educational programmes at the turn of the 18th to 19th century in Berlin. The typical authorities of academic medicine with naturalphilosophical views at the Charité of the 18th century a few decades later were opposed by academical educated surgeons and lecturers, who introduced the era of the scientifically oriented surgery by practical exercises, independent autopsies, scientific experiments and libraries. Thus, in Berlin the virtual development of the surgical medicine started - a development from a manual to a scientific discipline.

Berlin↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of extracranial occlusive processes of the vertebral artery by construction of a subclavio-vertebral bypass].

An account is given of causes and clinical patterns of vertebro-basilar insufficiency, before reference is made to patients treated at the Surgical Department of Charité to describe indications for surgery, diagnostic approach, and various surgical techniques. A particular role is played, in this context, by stenoses and occlusions of the vertebral artery in the bone canal of the cervicovertebral column. Subclavio-vertebral bypass is a new surgical technique recommended for surgical treatment of that kind of vascular processes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of the alpha1-receptor blocker prazosin on the microcirculation in the terminal ileum of rabbits].

The effect of the specific alpha1-blocker prazosin (Adversuten) on the microcirculation in the region of the terminal ileum was examined on 10 rabbits. Before and after injection of prazosin into the superior mesenteric artery an isotope-clearance of a 133Xe-solution, applied into the intestinal wall, was performed. Because of the systemic blood pressure decreasing effect of prazosin the circulation of the examined part of the intestine was reduced in spite of the intended vasodilation of the intestinal vessels. The therapeutic applicability of alpha-blockers for intestinal diseases of vascular genesis remains questionable.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The hemodynamics of the intestinal arteries of the dog with special reference to the flow rate].

Intestinal haemodynamics was examined invasively in 30 mongrel dogs. Beside registration of blood pressure values of the blood flow were evaluated especially. Measured flow values in the three main intestinal vessels - Truncus coeliacus, A. mesenterica superior and A. mesenterica inferior - were compared to aortal flow. Thereby the sum of intestinal arteries values was equal to intrarenal aortal flow. Two thirds of aortal flow may be expected in the portal vein. These relations make in possible to get informations about physiological intestinal circulation from single values without measurement of all intestinal vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Chronic circulatory disorders of the digestive organs of the abdominal cavity. Causes, clinical aspects and treatment].

Chronic arterial insufficiency of blood supply to digestive organs in the abdominal region is a specific manifestation of circulatory diseases. It is rare but may cause substantial danger to the patient. Reference is made in this paper to international literature as well as to cases involved in vascular surgery at the Berlin School of Medicine (Charité) for an account of present knowledge on aetiology, pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, and therapy of chronic disorders of abdominal blood supply. Techniques of vascular repair represent an appropriate therapeutic concept, accurate diagnosis and critical indication provided.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[Our surgical heritage. The surgical clinic of the Berlin Charité and its contribution to progress in surgical medicine in the past and present].

An account is given of the making of surgery on the premises of Charité against the background of the 260-year history of this centre of clinical teaching. In that course of time, surgery has changed from craft to science. -Surgery was primarily applied to cope with surface wound and diseases in the 18th century, while pathological processes in the abdominal cavity and cranium became operable in the 19th century, owing to introduction of anaesthesia and antisepsis. In the 20th century, modern medicine and equipment enabled surgical interventions with all regions of the human body. -Osseous and articular diseases as well as cerebral and pulmonary diseases are priorities in surgical practice at Charité. Reference should be also made to transplantation surgery, with results of international weight having been scored from Dieffenbach to our days.

Berlin↗
PubMed1988

[Results of the chronic compression of visceral arteries in animal experiments].

Occlusions of different visceral arteries were imitated by progressive swelling substance constriction in 30 mongrel dogs. The variants of the developed collateral circulation could be proved by the postoperative angiographies. There is given reference to the importance of the connections of the visceral vascular system among one another and for the abdominal surgery of the human. Evidence is given that occlusions of the celiac artery and of the superior mesenteric artery are compensable only with the formation of large collateral vascular systems. But on certain circulation conditions the inferior mesenteric artery has a great significance too.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Allogeneic transplantation of the small intestine--animal experiments and a clinical retrospect].

Allogenic transplantation of small intestine has proved to be an alternative therapy for complex failure of intestinal functions. Attempts in that direction had been made over many years, but impressive were obtained only under conditions of modern immunosuppressive therapy. Hence, wider clinical application is imminent at an international scale. Reference is made in this paper to the authors' own experience obtained from mongrel dogs for an account of indications, surgical technique for collection of intestine and transplantation, perfusion and preservation of the donor organ as well as of various pathophysiological, functional, and immunological aspects. Results obtained at different centres are discussed, with reference being made to individual cases and clinical findings recorded from them. The survival rate of animals which have undergone transplantation of the small intestine provides evidence for the possibility of such organ transplantation and means a challenge to all involved in conventional intestinal surgery and modern medical transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Acute occlusions of the intestinal arteries--diagnosis and surgical therapy].

Acute obstruction of arterial blood flow in digestive organs has been recorded from two per cent of all patients with acute abdominal disorders and has accounted for roughly eight per cent of all sudden vascular occlusions. Symptoms are generally occult and are quite often misinterpreted. This together with short warm ischaemia tolerance of the intestinal tract, somewhat between two and three hours, has continued to cause death of nearly 90 per cent of such patients. Bilateral retrospective studies were conducted into 66 patients with acute intestinal arterial occlusions over ten years and have confirmed the importance of early diagnosis and immediate surgical action. Particular emphasis should be laid, in that context, on adequate clinical diagnosis and reconstructive arterial surgery along with removal of avital intestinal sections. High mortality among the patients concerned can be substantially reduced by no-delay, thorough medical action.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1986

[2d operations in coronary artery surgery].

In coronary heart surgery, reoperations are performed on about seven per cent of all cases, primarily for progressive coronary artery sclerosis and sclerosis in autologous bypass veins. The problems relating to progressive coronary artery sclerosis and bypass sclerosis are expounded in this paper by the example of 14 patients, with reference being made to indications for recurrent surgical intervention for vascular reconstruction. Particular emphasis is laid on the surgical approach. With the given risk tolerable, coronary reoperation, today, is a genuine alternative in the treatment of recurrent angina pectoris, following bypass surgery. It is likely to enhance the patient's life expectancy and quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Our surgical heritage. Surgery in ancient Egypt].

In its 3,000 years History the surgery of the Old Egypt came on to an important development. Some of the antique instruments used in traumatology, the general surgery and in cosmetic-plastic operations, are in a scarcely modified manner employed for the same purposes in modern surgical interventions nowadays. The surgical diagnostics and therapy of that time is demonstrated by the surgical instruments stock being in the possession of the "Agyptisches Museum" of the "Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin". The surgery of Egypt transferred its leading part to the prosperous medical schools of Greece at the late period of the Old Egyptian empire (1085-332 B.C.). Its surgical diagnostics and therapy depending on an empirical rationalism, the applied instruments but also its ethical attitude towards the patients have been one of the dedisive bases influencing the development of the surgery in the antiquity.

Egypt, Ancient↗
PubMed1986

[Arterial reconstructions spanning the knee joint].

Knee-joint crossing arterial repair is an alternative solution for patients whose extremities otherwise might have to be amputated. Indications are according to Fontaine for Stages III and IV. Specialised angiographic preparatory examination and knowledge of microsurgical techniques are required. Reference is made to peculiarities of surgical access routes, vascular substitute materials, and specific surgical techniques. The use of this approach to peripheral vascular repair appears to be justified against the background of international achievements and the authors' own results.

Angiography↗