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Biomedical subjects

B Lindblom

Publications and source records attributed to B Lindblom.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical evidence for preserved innervation of the human cervix during pregnancy.

Morphological evidence for a denervation of the human myometrium during pregnancy has previously been demonstrated. In the present study the innervation of the human cervix has been investigated in nonpregnant, early pregnant and term pregnant women. An indirect immunofluorescence method, using an antiserum to the Schwann cell specific S-100 protein, was applied to document the distribution of nerve fibers in cervical tissue biopsies. In nonpregnant, as well as in pregnant women, the cervix was by far more densely innervated than the rest of the uterus. No obvious difference in nerve density was observed between nonpregnant, early pregnant and term pregnant women, and still during labor the innervation appeared morphologically preserved. It is suggested that the segmental difference in innervation of the human uterus (corpus versus cervix) may have specific importance for myometrial and cervical contractility during pregnancy and parturition.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Background factors and management of ectopic pregnancy in Sweden. Changes over a decade.

Hospital records of all women operated on for ectopic pregnancy (EP) in four Swedish towns during 1970-72 and 1980-82 were elaborated. The gynecological and obstetrical background was noted and the clinical picture and management was recorded and analysed. The incidence of EP more than doubled between the two periods. There was no major change in classical background factors between the periods, but the proportion of IUCD users rose from 4 to 16 percent. The use of hCG assays, curettage and ultrasound in establishing the diagnosis increased markedly and the proportion of women with ruptured tubes and heavy intra-abdominal bleeding decreased. Moreover there was a clear tendency towards a more conservative surgical approach in the latter period.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

HLA-DR3 antigens in erosive oral lichen planus, cutaneous lichen planus, and lichenoid reactions.

HLA antigens were examined in patients with erosive oral lichen planus (OLPe), cutaneous lichen planus (CLP), or lichenoid reactions (LR) adjacent to amalgam fillings. The control group had amalgam restorations in contact with the oral mucosa but without any reactions. A strong association was found between HLA-DR3 and OLPe, with an RR value of 21.0 (p less than 0.05). The corresponding values for CLP and LR were 2.3 and 1.5, respectively (NS). The haplotype A1-B8-DR3 was more frequently found in OLPe (p less than 0.05) and CLP (p less than 0.05) than in LR and controls (NS). The data indicate that OLPe, CLP, and LR, which present with virtually the same histopathologic features, are different in their association with HLA-DR3. Moreover, the increased frequency of HLA-DR3 in OLPe suggests an autoimmune component in the pathogenesis of this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ectopic pregnancy: in vitro effects of prostaglandins on the oviduct and corpus luteum.

An in vitro model for evaluation of pharmacologic treatment of ectopic pregnancy (EP) was designed. In cases of EP, specimens from the tubal wall, the tubal artery, and the corpus luteum capsule were used for contractility studies. In addition, tissue slices from the corpus luteum of EP were incubated for determination of progesterone production. In vitro administration of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF 2 alpha) induced a marked increase in activity of the tubal muscle and pronounced constriction of the tubal artery. PGF2 alpha also reduced the human chorionic gonadotropin-induced increase in progesterone production from the corpus luteum. PGE2 conversely, inhibited the tubal muscle activity and had a moderate constrictive effect on the tubal artery. Furthermore PGE2 increased the progesterone formation from the corpus luteum. In theory, the demonstrated in vitro effects indicate that as opposed to PGE2 compounds, PGF2 alpha compounds may be useful for pharmacologic treatment of EP.

Corpus Luteum↗
PubMed1986

Adrenoceptor modulated flow through the rabbit ampulloisthmic region studied in vivo and in vitro.

In adult rabbit does ovulation was induced by human choriongonadotropin (hCG) 48 hours before experiments. At laparotomy the oviducts were cannulated from the ovarian and uterine ends. In vivo as well as in vitro the patency of the isthmus was studied with low viscous fluid perfusion of the ampulloisthmic region in antegrade direction. Intraluminally applied norepinephrine (NE) or phenylephrine (PhE) caused dual changes in transisthmic flow; administration of a low dose increased the flow, while high doses decreased the flow in vivo. In vitro, application of PhE only induced a dose-dependent reduction of flow. The PhE-induced reduction of flow was prevented by pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine in vivo and in vitro, suggesting activation of an alpha-adrenoceptor mechanism. Intraluminal application of terbutaline (T) caused a dose-dependent increase of flow, which was most prominent in vivo. Such an increase of flow was prevented by blockade of beta-adrenoceptors with propranolol or by selective blockade of beta 2-adrenoceptors with IPS 399 both in vivo and in vitro, indicating activation of a beta 2-adrenoceptor mechanism. The biochemical and hormonal changes 48 hours after ovulation imply a role for the sympathetic transmitter NE in causing a contractile state of the ampulloisthmic region ("tube locking") for retention of ova prior to nidation in the uterine cavity. The isthmus would then hypothetically act as a sympathetically innervated smooth muscle sphincter. The present results demonstrate a constrictory response of this region to high-dose stimulation of alpha-adrenoceptors in support of such a hypothesis. However, it must be noted that this region also possesses a population of beta-adrenoceptors at this time interval, which may interfere with a constrictor mechanism via circulating epinephrine.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Reiter's syndrome--a comparative study of patients with the complete and the incomplete syndrome.

Eighty patients with Reiter's syndrome (RS) were studied retrospectively. A comparison was made between patients with the complete syndrome and patients with the incomplete syndrome. A comparison was also made between patients with and without HLA-B27. There were no major differences in severity and duration of the arthritic symptoms or in mucocutaneous involvement between the complete and incomplete groups, which indicates that they, in fact, represent the same disease. Most of the patients with sacroiliac joint involvement belonged to the HLA-B27 positive group; otherwise there was no difference in arthritic symptoms between the HLA-B27 positive and the HLA-B27 negative group.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A unique case of abdominal pregnancy: what are the minimal requirements for placental contact with the maternal vascular bed?

In this report we describe a case of abdominal pregnancy in which the placenta engaged part of the wall of an intra-abdominal membranous sac with only minimal vascular connection with the peritoneal surface. A male infant weighing 3150 gm was delivered at 38 weeks' gestation. We believe this case represents the first report in the literature of an abdominal pregnancy without placental attachment to the maternal viscera.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Background factors of ectopic pregnancy. I. Frequency distribution in a case-control study.

Two hundred and five patients with ectopic pregnancy in a well-defined Swedish population were interviewed with respect to prior disease and pregnancy histories as well as various constitutional and socioeconomic factors. The results were compared with those of two control groups, i.e. 110 early pregnant women intending to continue the gestation to term as well as 101 women seeking voluntary interruption of pregnancy. The results provide evidence that several may be involved in the etiology of ectopic pregnancy, including abdominal (or pelvic) surgery, previous ectopic pregnancy and pelvic inflammatory disease. Furthermore, a history of infertility is strongly correlated to ectopic pregnancy. On the other hand, there is no evidence that uncomplicated spontaneous or induced abortion, parity or marital status are important factors.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

Background factors of ectopic pregnancy. II. Risk estimation by means of a logistic model.

Based on the frequency distribution in a previous case-control study of ectopic pregnancy in Sweden, the prognostic value of a number of risk factors was analysed. A logistic procedure was applied in a stepwise manner, resulting in a risk-scoring model in which the probability of ectopic pregnancy can be determined on the basis of four background factors.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

Studies of HLA, factor B (Bf), complement C2 and C4 haplotypes in type 1 diabetic and control families from northern Sweden.

The HLA-A,-B,-C,-DR antigens and the complement factors C2, C4 and Bf were determined in 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 30 healthy controls from northern Sweden. Family studies allowed the deduction of extended haplotypes in the HLA and complement systems. Phenotype studies revealed significant associations between IDDM and HLA-DR4 (p less than 0.001), HLA-DR3 (p less than 0.05), HLA-DR3/4 (p less than 0.025), C4-B3 (p less than 0.001) and Bf-S (p less than 0.025). Haplotype studies showed that the extended haplotype [HLA-B15, C2-1, C4-A3B3, Bf-S, HLA-DR4] had a particularly strong association to IDDM. This haplotype was found in 10 out of 30 IDDM probands but in none of 30 control children and accounts for practically all the C4-B3 allotypes among the 30 IDDM probands. The C4-B3 gene therefore seems to be a valuable marker for IDDM. No haplotype containing HLA-DR3 was increased in frequency among the IDDM probands. The extended haplotype [HLA-B7, C2-1, C4-A3B1, Bf-S, HLA-DR2] present among the controls was absent in the IDDM probands. The frequency of the extended haplotype [HLA-B15, C2-1, C4-A3B3, Bf-S, HLA-DR4] was increased also among the parents to the IDDM probands compared to those of the control parents, whereas the frequency of [HLA-B7, C2-1, C4-A3B1, Bf-S, HLA-DR2] was decreased. The extended haplotype [HLA-B8, C2-1, C4-B1, Bf-S, HLA-DR3] was more common among the males (p less than 0.05) compared to the females in the total material. The family analysis showed that 3 out of 5 affected sibs shared both haplotypes with their IDDM proband. This was the case for only 3 out of 35 unaffected sibs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Influence of prostaglandins and adrenoceptor agonists on contractile activity in the human cervix at term.

The influence of prostaglandins as well as adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on contractile activity of isolated cervical smooth muscle from term pregnant women was studied. Prostaglandin E2 had an inhibitory effect at extremely low concentrations. Inhibition also was induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha, prostaglandin I2, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, but at considerably higher concentrations. Contractions evoked by noradrenaline or phenylephrine were blocked by the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist phenoxybenzamine. The beta-adrenoceptor agonist terbutaline acted as an inhibitor, whereas isoprenaline in most cases stimulated contractile activity. The inhibitory action of prostaglandins and especially the high sensitivity to prostaglandin E2 point to a physiologic role of these compounds for cervical dilatation and retraction. A predominance of alpha-adrenoceptors might be of importance for the maintenance of cervical competence during pregnancy.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1985

Effects of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha on the simulation by noradrenaline and oxytocin of human cervical muscle activity at term.

Cervical specimens were obtained by needle biopsy in connection with caesarean section at term pregnancy. The preparations were superfused in an organ chamber and contractions were registered isometrically. Prostaglandin (PG) E2 and F2 alpha inhibited spontaneous contractions. The stimulatory action of noradrenaline was not influenced by PGF2 alpha but was reduced by PGE2 whereas both PGs abolished the excitatory effect of oxytocin.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1985

Relationship between electrical and mechanical activity of the isolated term-pregnant human myometrium.

In order to study the relationship between electrical and mechanical activity of isolated human myometrium in late pregnancy three different techniques were employed: the sucrose gap model, stiff pressure electrodes and flexible suction electrodes. A high degree of concordance was found between the various methods with regard to the pattern of electrical activity. However, the suction electrode technique seemed advantageous from a practical point of view due to its simplicity and high reproducibility. In the human myometrium each contraction was typically adjoined by a single spike potential, although trains of spikes were occasionally observed during the initial phase of the contraction. This contrasted to the bursts of spikes accompanying both the rising phase and the plateau phase of contractions in the myometrial specimens from the pregnant and estrous rat. This indicates a fundamental difference in electro-mechanical coupling mechanisms in the human myometrium when compared to the most widely used animal model for electrophysiological studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effects of 9-deoxo-16,16-dimethyl-9-methylene PGE2 on muscle contractile activity and collagen synthesis in the human cervix.

The in vitro effects of a stable PGE-analogue (9-deoxo-16,16-dimethyl-9-methylene PGE2 (9-methylene PGE2) on human cervical tissue was investigated. The influence of the analogue on collagen biosynthesis was studied by measuring the incorporation of 3H-proline, while smooth muscle effects were evaluated by isometric recording of contractile activity. The specimens were obtained by needle biopsy from women in early and late pregnancy and from nonpregnant women of fertile age. 9-methylene PGE2 compared with controls increased the incorporation of 3H-proline in the secretory phase and before the 9th week of pregnancy, whereas radiolabelling was decreased in the follicular phase, in the 9th-12th week and at term. With respect to incorporation of 3H-proline,9-methylene PGE2 was equipotent to PGE2. 9-methylene PGE2 inhibited spontaneous contractile activity in early as well as in late pregnancy but increased muscular activity in nonpregnant patients. The inhibitory effects of the analogue was similar to that of PGE2 but the natural compound was considerably more potent in this respect.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
PubMed1985

Leukotrienes and myometrial activity of the term pregnant uterus.

Biopsies from different segments of the pregnant human uterus were superfused in organ chambers and contractile activity was registered. Leukotriene C4(LTC4) caused inhibition of spontaneous but not noradrenaline induced contractile activity in strips from the cervix. This effect occurred both in early pregnancy and at term. However, the lower and the upper uterine segment of the term pregnant uterus did not respond to LTC4. The results represent a documentation of the segmental differentiation in the uterine response to eicosanoids.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1985

Influence of cyclooxygenase inhibitors and arachidonic acid on contractile activity of the human Fallopian tube.

Small muscle strips were dissected from the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the human oviduct. The preparations showed rhythmic spontaneous activity when perfused by Krebs-Ringer buffer. Excitatory effects of the prostaglandin (PG) precursor arachidonic acid were totally blocked by the cyclooxygenase inhibitors 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) and indomethacin. The latter drugs also caused a reversible inhibition of spontaneous activity in both muscle layers. After total inhibition produced by ETYA, the initial activity was restored by adding low concentrations of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) to the medium. PGE2 was able to reestablish the activity only in the longitudinal layer. It is concluded that isolated smooth muscle of the human oviduct has the capacity of generating PGs from both endogenous and exogenous substrate. The data also suggest that the formation of PGF2 alpha is a prerequisite for maintenance of normal tubal contractions.

5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Lymphocyte stimulation in Reiter's syndrome. A comparative study between patients and normal controls with special reference to HLA-B27.

The lymphocyte-stimulating capacity of bacterial antigens from Yersinia enterocolitica and Chlamydia trachomatis was studied in 14 patients with Reiter's syndrome and compared with 16 healthy controls. The influence of HLA-B27 was evaluated. There was an increased reactivity in patients compared with controls. The most pronounced reactivity was seen in HLA-B27-positive patients. These findings support the hypothesis that there is an impaired T-cell function in HLA-B27-associated diseases.

Adult↗