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Biomedical subjects

B Lichtiger

Publications and source records attributed to B Lichtiger.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Evaluation of a positive autologous control in pretransfusion testing.

The clinical usefulness of autologous control (AC) in pretransfusion testing was evaluated. The records of 515 blood samples with positive direct antiglobulin tests detected by positive AC were reviewed. This represents 3.5% of 14,548 pretransfusion samples tested during a one-year period. One hundred ninety-four of 515 samples required further elution studies, and the results were 114 nonreactive, 18 autoantibodies, 52 ABO isoagglutinins, 5 transfusion-induced alloantibodies, and 5 unidentifiable antibodies. All alloantibodies also were detected in the serum. Therefore, AC and the elution results provided no further information in selecting blood for compatibility testing. By reviewing the patients' records, the authors determined that, only in five cases, the report of positive AC and elution results changed diagnosis or therapeutic course. The information of positive AC rarely was used in either assuring compatibility of blood or management of the patients clinically.

Blood Group Incompatibility↗
PubMed1985

Full expression of blood group-related, transplantation-related, and carcinoembryonic antigens in human colorectal cancer cells with different degrees of phenotypic differentiation.

Seven established human colon carcinoma cell lines with distinct degrees of phenotypic differentiation were evaluated for the presence of blood group-related and transplantation-related antigens in relation to their production of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). All lines presented A and B antigens regardless of the patients' original red blood cell type. However, tumor cells from patients originally classified as O-type had lower expression of both A and B antigens and high production of CEA. Cells from patients with an original A type had low to undetectable CEA production and high expression of both A and B antigens. There was no particular segregation of transplantation-related antigens with respect to phenotypic expression. All lines presented HLA-A, -B, and -C, as well as -DR antigens. These results demonstrate that colon carcinoma cells have the ability to fully express both blood group-related and transplantation-related antigens, even if discordant with the donor's red blood cell phenotype. Furthermore, it appears that expression of A antigen is intimately related to synthesis of CEA.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1984

Chronic immune stimulation by sperm alloantigens. Support for the hypothesis that spermatozoa induce immune dysregulation in homosexual males.

Putative, sperm-induced allogeneic immunization was correlated with immune dysregulation in a study of 30 asymptomatic, monogamously paired homosexual males. Evidence for allogeneic immunization existed among 19 of 26 homosexual males who were anal sperm recipients. No evidence for any form of alloimmunization was found in four exclusive sperm donors. Immune dysregulation in the form of a reduced effector/suppressor T-cell ratio (Te/Ts less than 1.0) was exclusively documented in eight anal-sperm-recipient homosexual males, five of whom also manifested evidence for allogeneic immunization. In three of those, immune dysregulation was further manifested by functional T-cell deficiency in the form of a subnormal (less than 50 cu mm) local graft-v-host reaction. Similar evidence for alloimmunization was associated with a reduced Te/Ts ratio (0.85) in the female of a heterosexual couple who routinely practiced anal intercourse. Based on these findings, we suggest that chronic, repeated exposure to sperm during anal intercourse results in a high frequency of allogeneic immunization and may play an important role in the development of acquired immune dysregulation among homosexual males.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Use of Imugard IG500 filters for preparation of leukocyte-poor blood for cancer patients.

In order to determine the efficiency of Imugard IG500 filters in producing leukocyte-poor blood (LPB), 109 units of red cell concentrates were processed using cold (4 degrees C) or room temperature saline solution without the application of pressure to the blood bag. The results obtained in terms of red blood cell recovery, white blood cell removal, residual white blood cells, and free hemoglobin in the supernatant of the filtered units are comparable to those processed with the IBM 2991. LPB processed without pressure application to the blood bag and room temperature saline solution can be rapidly, efficiently and safely prepared in any size blood bank/transfusion service. This technique is definitely cost-saving in terms of equipment, software, space and personnel training.

Blood Group Incompatibility↗
PubMed1984

Hemolytic transfusion reactions in oncology patients: experience in a large cancer center.

At The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute at Houston, the incidence of hemolytic transfusion reactions over an eight-year period (1974-1981) was analyzed. Only four hemolytic transfusion reactions were reported out of 142,957 transfusions of blood (a frequency of one reaction in 35,739.25 transfusions). This could be due to the following factors: (1) Impairment of immune status related to the malignant process or temporary immunosuppression caused by intensive chemotherapy could enable patients to tolerate incompatible transfusions. (2) The reactions are overlooked or masked by the severity of disease in cancer patients in spite of an elaborate education for nurses, residents/fellows, and staff physicians about the dangers of hemolytic reactions. The figures herein reported are lower than those reported from non-oncology hospital settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Predeposit autologous blood transfusions in patients undergoing irradiation and radical cystectomy.

We have used blood withdrawn electively and frozen for later use by the donor in 25 patients with bladder cancer who were treated by preoperative irradiation and radical cystectomy. Patients donated 1 to 5 units of blood (average 3.4 per patient). We transfused 10 patients with only autologous blood, whereas 15 required some homologous blood in addition to their own banked blood. The program was well tolerated and repeated blood donation did not compromise the effectiveness of preoperative irradiation. Our preliminary data show that this program reduces the dependence on volunteer donor homologous blood transfusions for cystectomy, thus, decreasing the potential risk of an adverse reaction and avoiding seasonal blood bank shortages.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Rh-incompatible platelet transfusion therapy in cancer patients. A study of 30 cases.

The clinical histories of 30 consecutive Rh0D-negative oncology patients transfused with Rh0D-incompatible platelet concentrates were analyzed. No evidence of sensitization to the Rh0D antigen was found whatsoever, in spite of the large numbers of Rh0D-incompatible platelet transfusions given to these patients. The results of this work seem to indicate that patients with malignant diseases, who are undergoing various forms of antineoplastic therapy, are immunomyelosuppressed, and have severe thrombocytopenia, can safely receive platelets from Rh0D-positive donors without developing evidence of immunization to Rh0D antigens.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

Recovery of lymphocytes from clotted blood for HLA typing.

A method to recover lymphoid cells from clotted blood for the microcytotoxicity test used in HLA typing is described. The procedure consists of disruption of the clotted blood followed by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient purification of the mononuclear cells. The results of HLA typing of lymphocytes from unclotted and clotted blood were identical.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1976

Identification and subcellular localization of a sarcoma-associated antigen(s) in a human cell line.

The present investigation was designed to demonstrate and identify the subcellular localization of sarcoma-associated antigen(s) (TAA) in an established human neurogenic sarcoma line (T cell line). Indirect immunofluorescence was used to screen sera from patients with sarcoma, nonsarcoma neoplasias, and from presumably normal blood bank donors. The positive sera were submitted to a series of absorptions to remove possible nonspecific cross-reacting antibodies. The target cells were then studied with electron microscopy, utilizing the indirect immunoperoxidase technique to determine the subcellular localization of the sarcoma-associated antigen(s). Findings indicate that sarcoma-bearing patients have circulating antisarcoma antibodies directed to antigen(s) localized at the surface membrane of T cells. These antibodies pertain to the IgM or IgG immunoglobulin class. The exact nature of the sarcoma-associated antigen(s) identified in this study is not known at the present time. However, the results obtained strongly suggest that these substances may represent a new type of tumor-associated antigen(s).

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1976

Cell cycle dependency of human sarcoma-associated tumor antigen expression.

An analysis of cell cycle-dependent expression of tumor-associated antigen was performed on a human neurosarcoma cell line (T2 cells). The expression of sarcoma-associated tumor antigen on T2 cells was detected using test sera obtained from sarcoma patients; control sera were from patients with nonsarcoma neoplasias and from normal donors. Results indicate a progressive increase in the antigenic expression beginning in late mitosis and early G1 with maximum expression in mid-G1. Antigenic expression declines to minimum levels in S and G2-phase. Mechanisms responsible for this cycle-dependent fluctuation are presently unknown.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1975

Preparation of IgG-binding membrane vesicles from the microvillar brush border of fetal rabbit yolk sac.

A one step procedure is described for the production of membrane vesicles from the endodermal microvillar brush border of the fetal rabbit yolk sac splanchnopleur. The vesicles, examined by light and electron microscopy, were shown to consist of biomolecular leaflet unit membrane, coated to varying extents with glycocalyx. By fluorescence microscopy, the homologous immunoglobulin, FITC-IgGR, has been shown to bind to the glycocalyx-coated vesicles as well as the glycocalyx-coated brush border of the intact yolk sac, whereas, the heterologous bovine immunoglobulin, FITC-IgGB, fails to bind under comparable conditions. These observations demonstrate the specificity of the receptors for the homologous IgG.

Animals↗