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Biomedical subjects

B Lebeau

Publications and source records attributed to B Lebeau.

176 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bronchopulmonary adenocarcinomas of apparently primary origin. A retrospective study of sixty-six patients (author's transl)].

A retrospective study of sixty-six case-reports confirmed the traditional factors described in this histological type of cancer, particularly the age, a slight predominence of males, and the very poor prognosis. A selection was made of 42 cases in which extensive investigations had been carried out to search for a possible extrapulmonary primary adenocarcinoma, but only one case of renal cancer and one of thyroid cancer were demonstrated. Autopsy had revealed the presence of 3 prostatic lesions and their relation to the pulmonary affection is discussed. Thyroid cancer had been found in 2 cases, which emphasizes the value of scintigraphy for this organ, whereas the authors felt that other investigations were of no value in the absence of clinically oriented signs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sarcoidosis associated with tuberculosis. A study of seven patients (author's transl)].

The authors studied seven patients with sarcoidosis and tuberculosis: the affections co-existed in 3 cases but were separated by varying intervals of time in the 4 other patients. They discuss the diagnostic, therapeutic, and nosological problems posed by these cases, and review the various hypotheses that have been suggested to explain these associations in relation to the pathogenesis of the sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Association between bronchial dilatation and male sterility].

The frequency of associated bronchial dilatation and male sterility is sufficiently high for simple coincidence to be discounted. Initially observed in patients with Kartagener's syndrome, an abnormal frequency of bronchial disorders (with or without ectasia)M was then noted in subjects with azoospermia, especially of the excretory type. Originally proposed by AFZELIUS et al in 1975, an explanation for the association could be the presence of ultrastructural anomalies of the cilia, both in the bronchial mucosa and in the single cilium of the spermatozoid. Other physiopathological explanations for this association, characterized by a motility disorder (mucociliary or spermatic), include secretory anomalies as in mucoviscidosis and acquired anomalies (major role of infection in bronchial affections, role of tobacco). Practical consequences of this association are discussed.

Bronchi↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Typologic analysis of comparative effects of tobacco and Pi phenotype on the respiratory function].

Seven hundred and fourty-eight subjects from the general population were included in a transversal epidemiologic survey. The aim was the determination of a possible relationship between functional profile and Pi phenotype. Seric levels of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1 AT) and phenotypes were determined in all subjects. All underwent clinical examination, chest X-ray and functional tests (flow-volume curves and single breath nitrogen test). Distribution of the various phenotypes appeared similar to those described in other studies. No homozygote Z was found. Typologic analysis allowed identification of 7 functional profiles, among which 3 were normal and 4 had various levels of obstruction. The comparison between functional impairment and the phenotypes or smoking habits showed that smoking played the major part in the onset of obstructive disease. Mean age of the population surveyed was however rather low, which led to questions about rapidity of onset of chronic obstructive lung disease. This survey thus will lead to a longitudinal study.

Closing Volume↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preventive treatment of asthma with ketotifen : an analysis of 1 791 cases treated in general practice].

Ketotifene is a new preventive treatment for asthma possessing the main advantage of being administered orally. Results were analyzed after treatment of 1 791 patients with allergic paroxysmal asthma, at a daily dose of 2 mg for a minimum duration of 3 months. Ketotifene was found to be effective both against asthma attacks (no further episodes in 30% of cases, and reduction in their frequency by at least a half in 35%), and by the fact that associated anti-asthma medication could be suppressed. Positive effects were noted after two weeks of treatment, with improvement increasing during the observation period (3 months). Tolerance was good, the principal side effect being somnolence (13% of cases), which occurred early in treatment but was reversible in more than one-third of these patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Small cell lung cancer: patients surviving longer than thirty months. Groupe d'oncologie de langue française.

The long-term survivors of SCLC are described in 3 different types of study: analysis of prognostic factors of phase II and III chemotherapy trials (3,4,5,6,7,17,18), epidemiological studies (8) and medical registries of LTS (9,10). A small number of patients with small cell lung cancer achieve long-term survival. Most of these patients have a disease limited to the chest at the time of diagnosis. The major concerns of these LTSs are: the relapse of the SCLC, the occurrence of a second primary tumour and the occurrence of a disease related to tobacco consumption. About 20% of the LTSs die of non-cancer related causes and this exceeds the age adjusted mortality. There is a high risk of relapse in the first 4 years after the diagnosis; this risk decreases later, but relapses may be seen until 7 years. Nearly 8% of LTSs developed a SPTs are alive at 8 years; this indicates that cure is possible in SCLC, however, these patients account for less than 3% of the overall population.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of thoracic radiotherapy on mortality in limited small cell lung cancer. A meta-analysis of 13 randomized trials among 2,140 patients.

This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the hypothesis that thoracic radiotherapy contributes to a moderate increase in overall survival in limited small-cell lung cancer. We collected individual data on all patients enrolled before December 1988 in randomized trials comparing chemotherapy alone with chemotherapy combined with thoracic radiotherapy. The study included 13 trials and 2140 patients with limited disease. A total of 433 patient with extensive disease were excluded. Overall, 1862 of 2103 patients who could be evaluated died; the median follow-up period for the surviving patients was 43 months. The relative risk of death in the combined therapy group as compared with the chemotherapy group was 0.86 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.78 to 0.94; P = 0.001), corresponding to a 14 percent reduction in the mortality rate. The benefit in terms of overall survival at three years (+/- SD) was 5.4 +/- 1.4 percent. Indirect comparison of early with late radiotherapy and of sequential with non-sequential radiotherapy did not reveal any optimal time for treatment. There was a trend toward a larger reduction in mortality among younger patients. In conclusion, thoracic radiotherapy moderately improves overall survival in patients with limited small-cell lung cancer who are treated with combination chemotherapy.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Invasive Fusarium infections: a retrospective survey of 31 cases. The French 'Groupe d'Etudes des Mycoses Opportunistes' GEMO.

A retrospective study was conducted in France to investigate Fusarium infections which are now recognized as emerging opportunistic infections. The clinical and mycological findings for 31 cases diagnosed between 1984 and 1993 by members of the French Groupe d'Etudes des Mycoses Opportunistes were analysed. All suffered from haematological disease, most often acute leucaemia (n = 19). Twenty-two had received cytostatic chemotherapy and ten had undergone bone marrow transplantation. Prolonged aplasia and pancytopenia were present in 18 and 11 patients, respectively. Skin (61%) and blood (42%) were the sites most frequently involved. Fusarium solani (n = 7), Fusarium oxysporum (n = 7), Fusarium verticilloides (n = 7) were the species most frequently isolated. Nine antifungal treatments were used, associated with colony-stimulating factors in five cases. None was unambiguously superior to all the others. The overall mortality was 51.6% with a specific mortality > or = 25.8%. The disseminated form of the infection was associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.02) whereas improving granulocyte count improved prognosis (P < 0.001). More aggressive cytostatic regimens used for patients with haematological malignancies have favoured the emergence of Fusarium infections. As prognosis is closely correlated with neutrophil recovery, the promising results obtained with the use of colony-stimulating factors should be further evaluated.

Adolescent↗