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Biomedical subjects

B Larsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Larsson.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Placental and decidual u-PA, t-PA, PAI-1 and PAI-2 concentrations, as affected by cervical dilatation with laminaria tents or Hegar dilators.

The effect of cervical dilatation on PA and PAI concentrations was compared in a laminaria tent group and a mechanical dilatation (control) group. In both groups, u-PA and t-PA were found to be present both in decidual and placental tissue. Values for PAI-1 in the decidua were higher in the laminaria tent group than in controls, and those for PAI-2 in the placenta were lower. These findings provide support for the contention that cervical dilatation with laminaria tents may result in partial detachment of the placenta.

Decidua↗
PubMed1989

Homogeneous penetration but heterogeneous binding of antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen in human colon carcinoma HT-29 spheroids.

The monoclonal antibodies 38S1, directed against the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), were tested for penetration and binding in human colon carcinoma HT-29 spheroids. Penetration was studied with a method which has not previously been used in immunological investigations. The method, which allows unbound substances to be visualized, is based on freeze drying, vapour fixation, dry sectioning and dry autoradiography. The antibodies penetrated easily and all parts of the HT-29 spheroids seemed to be reached within 15 min. The penetration was even faster than in control glioma U-118MG spheroids that did not express CEA. Binding of the 38S1 antibodies was demonstrated after processing with conventional histology and autoradiography. The binding in the HT-29 spheroids was, after a 1-h incubation period, extremely heterogeneous and occurred mainly in the peripheral parts. More cells were binding the antibodies after 8-h and 32-h incubations and these cells were arranged in peripheral clusters. No binding at all was seen in the CEA-negative glioma spheroids. The distribution of CEA antigens in monolayers and in frozen sections of spheroids of HT-29 cells was analysed with immunohistochemical staining using polyclonal CEA antibodies. The CEA antigens were heterogeneously distributed in both spheroids and monolayers and were as heterogenous as the binding of the monoclonal antibodies in the living spheroids. Thus, the heterogeneous binding in the living spheroids was not due to penetration barriers, but instead to the heterogeneity in the CEA antigen expression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Premenstrual syndrome in a group of hysterectomized women of reproductive age with intact ovaries.

In this prospective study 13 women of reproductive age, unselected with regard to the presence of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and hysterectomized but with intact ovaries, eight variables were rated as indicative of PMS on visual analog scales (VAS) for 35 consecutive days. Their menstrual cycles were subsequently reconstructed in relation to the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge as pin-pointed in urine samples and confirmed with progesterone in saliva. The aim of the study was to investigate PMS apart from psychological and psychosocial factors and to compare prospective and retrospective ratings of PMS. Retrospectively, 50% of the participants reported having had both somatic and mood changes typical of PMS, but only 3/13 were found to have PMS according to prospective ratings. Symptoms of PMS were absent in one woman according to retrospective ratings and in 4/13 with prospective ratings. There was no significant correlation between retrospective and prospective ratings of PMS. The results indicate that PMS does exist apart from psychological and psychosocial factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The effect of cervical dilatation by laminaria tent in first trimester legal abortions on blood loss related to fibrinolytic activity in the decidua and placenta.

Increased blood loss (BL) has been reported after cervical dilatation by laminaria tent in legal abortions. The BL was measured in 72 women in whom first trimester legal vacuum aspiration was performed. The cervical canal was dilatated by laminaria tent in 37 patients, and mechanically with Hegar dilators in 35 patients. BL was studied in relation to the plasminogen activators (u-PA, t-PA) and the plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI-1, PAI-2) in the decidua and placenta. There was no significant difference in BL between the two groups. Decidual PAI-1 concentrations were significantly higher in the laminaria tent group than in the Hegar dilator group. An inactivation of u-PA by PAI-1 might explain the lack of increase in BL among the laminaria tent group.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1989

Biochemical changes in human cervical connective tissue during pretreatment with laminaria tents in legal first trimester abortions.

In 14 legal first trimester abortions, vacuum aspiration was preceded by dilatation of the cervical canal by laminaria tent for 16-20 h. Biopsy specimens obtained from the cervix before insertion and before removal of the laminaria tent were analyzed for biochemical changes in cervical connective tissue. Pretreatment with laminaria tents resulted in a decrease of the total collagen concentration and of the collagenolytic activity, though the differences were without statistical significance. Both these findings and those concerning the subfractions of the hydroxyproline concentration suggest that pretreatment with laminaria induces a certain degree of softening of the cervix, similar to that reported after intracervical application of PGE2 gel.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1989

Obesity, adipose tissue distribution and health in men--the study of men born in 1913.

Recent studies suggest that cardiovascular disease is associated with abdominal distribution of adipose tissue rather than obesity in terms of total body fat. A number of other variables, known to be associated with obesity, were therefore examined in a cohort of randomly selected middle-aged men in relation to abdominal distribution of adipose tissue, measured as the ratio of the circumferences of the waist and hips (WHR), as well as to degree of obesity, measured as body mass index (BMI). These variables included anthropometric variables, cardiovascular risk factors as well as socioeconomic factors and physical health. Increased WHR, independent of BMI, was negatively associated with height, and hip circumference. Positive associations were found with blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen and smoking. In addition positive associations were found with low social class and social group, illness in terms of sick leave, frequent use of health facilities such as X-rays, as well as diseases such as peptic ulcer. In sharp contrast to this, BMI, independent of WHR, was not associated with physical health variables or social class. Generalized obesity seemed to be associated with good health in the variables measured. There were positive associations to various anthropometric variables, including lean body mass. High BMI was also associated with elevated blood pressure and triglycerides. Several of the indicators of poor health traditionally associated with obesity thus do not seem to be characteristic for obesity in middle-aged men selected at random from the population but rather for an abdominal fat distribution, independent of obesity.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1989

Risk factors for heart failure in the general population: the study of men born in 1913.

In 1963 a sample of 973 men, all 50 years old, was drawn from the population register of Gothenburg, Sweden. These men have been followed up for 17 years with repeated examinations regarding a number of variables possibly related to cardiovascular disease. The latest examination, at the age of 67 years, focused on congestive heart failure (CHF). The incidence rate of manifest CHF varied from 1.5 to 10.2 cases (1000 population)-1 yr-1, depending on which age group was being studied. For the age group 50-67 years the incidence of manifest CHF was 5.5 (1000)-1 yr-1. A large number of factors associated with the risk of acquiring CHF were identified. In multivariate regression analyses, hypertension and smoking were the major independent risk factors. Body weight, heart volume, T-wave abnormalities, heart rate variability, peak expiratory flow rate, psychological stress and Fy-antigen (a genetic marker?) were also independent risk factors. Possible strategies for prevention are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus in milk.

The present study shows that milk is an appropriate source for detection of seroreactors to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV). There was close agreement between antibody titres in serum and in skim milk, as determined by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The antibody titres were usually lower in skim milk than in serum, but all seropositive cows (n = 84) were also skim milk-positive and all but one seronegative cow (n = 55) proved negative in skim milk. During lactation, the level of antibodies to BVDV in milk showed an inverse relationship to the amount of milk produced. However, there was a sufficient level of antibodies in milk throughout lactation to permit an adequate determination of BVDV antibody status in dairy cows. There was a mutual good agreement between milk antibody titre in the four mammary quarters, irrespective of milk cell count. Milk can be used to detect seroreactors to BVDV. Milk is preferable to blood in large-scale epidemiological studies, since the sampling procedure is much simpler.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A cross-sectional analysis of glucose tolerance and cardiovascular disease in 67-year-old men.

The relationship between degree of glucose tolerance and cardiovascular disease has been studied in a cross-sectional population survey of 644 men born in 1913, randomly sampled and examined at the age of 67. The cohort was divided into different groups according to current diagnostic criteria for diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. An almost 2-fold higher prevalence of hypertension, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, and congestive heart failure was found in the group with impaired glucose tolerance compared to the group with a normal glucose tolerance. Fifty per cent of the men with impaired glucose tolerance were being treated with some drug for cardiovascular disease, usually diuretics for hypertension. Intermittent claudication showed a 2.5-fold higher prevalence among the diabetic patients. A computerized 12-lead exercise-ECG test, with a unique accuracy in measuring ST-segment changes, was performed in a subset of 135 men. This showed no association between ST-segment depression and different degrees of glucose tolerance, even when accounting for confounding factors such as treatment with beta-blocker agents or digoxin, pathological Q-waves, and differences in maximal heart rate.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Follow-up on behavioral treatment of recurrent headache in adolescents.

A sample of 108 adolescent students suffering from migraine and tension headaches, treated with relaxation training and attention-control approaches, were evaluated at 5-6 month and 3-4 year follow-ups. Data were obtained for 69% (75) of the original subjects at the second follow-up. The treatments administered within a school setting were contrasted with students' self-monitoring of headache. The results indicated that students treated with relaxation training showed a good maintenance of posttreatment headache reduction at the two follow-up evaluations, 80% and 85%, respectively. Although treatment condition and level of pretreatment headache were associated with a favorable outcome at the 5-6 month follow-up, only baseline headache severity emerged as a significant predictor at the final follow-up. Several variables from the psychological functioning and health behavioral domains found to predict posttreatment outcome for the adolescent headache sufferers in previous research, did not contribute significantly to outcome at the follow-ups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Changes in fatty acid composition of cervical mucus lecithin during pregnancy.

The fatty acid composition in cervical mucus was determined in 37 pregnant and 17 nonpregnant women using gas liquid chromatography. In both groups palmitic acid (16:0) and oleic acid (18:1) were the predominant acids comprising more than half of the total amount. Compared to nonpregnant controls, pregnant women had markedly elevated levels of oleic acid (18:1), while mean levels of myristic acid (14:0) and stearic acid (18:0) were significantly lower. These pregnancy-induced changes in fatty acid pattern could not be ascribed to the increased viscosity of cervical mucus. Only minor differences in fatty acid pattern were found between women in first trimester and at term. In contrast to nonpregnant controls, a significant negative correlation between levels of myristic acid (14:0) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) was found in pregnant women, indicating a redistribution of these two fatty acids during pregnancy. The present study demonstrates that pregnancy alters the fatty acid composition of cervical mucus lecithin, and that the characteristic changes are present before the 10th gestational week.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Contractile activity in the human uterine cervix and corpus during cervical dilatation by laminaria tent in first trimester legal abortions.

Millar microtransducers were used in 7 patients to record contractile variations in the cervix and corpus during dilatation of the cervical canal by Laminaria tent preceding first-trimester vacuum aspiration. The spontaneous contractile activity was registered in a control group of 5 patients without laminaria pretreatment. Two Millar catheters were used. The sensor tip of one Millar catheter was placed extra-amniotically in the uterine cavity, and the other one in the mid-cervical canal. Both sensor tips faced the wall of the cervix and corpus. The study showed that laminaria tents not only have a gentle dilatating effect on the cervix, but also induce painless uterine contractions, of amplitudes reaching 20 mmHg, and increased contractile activity in the cervix for the duration of dilatation.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1989

The influence of cervical dilatation by laminaria tent and with Hegar dilators on the intrauterine microflora and the rate of postabortal pelvic inflammatory disease.

In a prospective study, 519 women were randomly selected for cervical dilatation by laminaria tents or Hegar dilators before scheduled vacuum aspiration. In other 68 women randomly divided into a laminaria group and a control (Hegar) group, placenta, decidua and blood were separately aspirated from the uterine cavity before the vacuum aspiration and cultured for micro-organisms. The rate of postabortal inflammatory disease (PID) was significantly lower after pretreatment with laminaria tent irrespective of patient's age and parity. However, a higher risk of postabortal PID was found in gestational age of 10-12 weeks than of 5-9 weeks. Previous PID and abortion did not increase the risk of postabortal PID. Vaginal/cervical micro-organisms were, irrespective of method for cervical dilatation, identified in two thirds of the patients.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1989

Testing and training of the pelvic floor muscles after childbirth.

In a prospective study of 83 women, two different physiotherapy methods for strengthening the pelvic floor muscles after childbirth were evaluated. The training program was carried out by the patients at home for 12 weeks, starting 8 weeks after spontaneous uneventful delivery. Forty-two women did pelvic floor exercises in accordance with the method presented by Kegel. Forty-one women used standard vaginal cones with weights increasing in 10 g stages from 20 to 100 g, to be retained in the vagina both when standing erect and moving. Pelvic floor muscle strength, defined as the weight in grams of the heaviest cone that could be retained in the vagina, was recorded before and after the 12-week training period. Training with vaginal cones produced significantly better pelvic floor muscle strength than did exercise without cones.

Exercise↗
PubMed1989

The production by 72 MeV protons of keV neutrons for 10B neutron capture therapy.

Fast neutrons, produced in a spallation process by 72 MeV protons hitting heavy nuclei, can be moderated down to keV energies, suitable for 10B capture therapy. Measurements of neutron flux from copper and lead targets, after moderation by water and hydrocarbons, have been performed, together with measurements of the fast neutron and gamma-backgrounds. The comparisons with Monte Carlo calculations show good agreement. As neutron fluences up to 10(12) to 10(13)n/cm2 can be produced within a few hours in about 0.5 m target distance the technique seems to be suitable for clinical experiments.

Boron↗