Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B Kvarstein.
Total replacement of the ureter with a segment of ileum was performed on seven patients. Five of them were followed up for a mean of 20 months. The results of the operation were good. Serum electrolyte imbalance occurred postoperatively in one case.
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The non-ionic water-soluble contrast medium metrizamide (Amipaque) was used for high-dose urography in 11 patients with apparently normal renal function. Films of good quality were obtained. Adverse reactions and the effect on pulse and blood pressure as well as a large number of blood and urine laboratory parameters were recorded. Only clinically insignificant effects occurred, and the medium is recommended for further use in urography.
Leukocyte function was studied in patients with prosthetic heart valves by oxygen consumption measurements during phagocytosis of polystyrene latex particles. The consumption reflects the phagocytotic capacity of the cells. In 38 patients with Starr-Edwards aortic ball valves the mean oxygen consumption was 3.95 nanoatoms per minute per 10(6) leukocytes, as compared to 4.15 in 50 healthy subjects, the difference not being statistically significant. The number of leukocytes per ml. of blood and the distribution of cell types was quite similar in the two groups, although slightly more younger cells were found in the patients. It is concluded that the capacity for phagocytosis is not significantly reduced after aortic ball valve implantation.
Air cystometry was performed with 3 different flow rates in patients suffering from different bladder diseases. To demonstrate neurogenic bladder disorder a flow rate of 75 ml/min was recommended.
The administration of 5 mg phentolamine by a new technique decreases the urethral closure pressure by 38%. The latter could be used as a test for the sympatic nervous system in the urethra.
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Replacement of ureter with a segment of ileum was successfully performed in two patients. One had ureteral cancer and the other recurrent calculi due to cystinuria. The first patient had only one kidney. In the second both ureters were replaced with ileum. Formation of a papilla at the distal end of the ileal segment in the bladder may reduce the risk of vesico-ileal reflux.
Oxygen consumption was investigated during phagocytosis by leukocytes in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus and scleroderma. Compared with the situation in normal persons, the mean oxygen consumption in the total patient group was depressed.
The influence of cardiopulmonary bypass on the adhesiveness of blood platelets, using both bubble (Bentley and Rygg-Kyvsgaard) and membrane (Landé-Edwards) oxygenators, was investigated. With both types of oxygenators, there was a considerable fall in platelet adhesiveness during cardiopulmonary bypass, particularly with the Rygg-Kyvsgaard apparatus. The adhesiveness increased 30 minutes after bypass, but it was still not restored to the initial value.
One hundred and ten patients with radiologically established peripheral atherosclerotic arterial disease were studied. None of them suffered from diabetes, endocrine disorders or renal disease. Their serum cholesterol and triglyceride values were compared with those of a reference group consisting of 548 individuals. When the 95th percentile of the reference values was used for cut-off, the frequency of hyperlipidemias in the patients with peripheral arterial atherosclerosis was about 52%. Combined hyperlipidemia was slightly more common (21%) than isolated increase of either cholesterol (17.9%) or triglycerides (12.6%). Using other cut-off limits for the definition of hyperlipidemia, a striking change in the distribution between these three types of hyperlipidemia occurred. In our patients, the frequencies of different blood groups were not significantly different from those of a comparable population. The serum lipids were at the same level in the different blood groups.
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