Biomedical subjects
B Kaufman
Publications and source records attributed to B Kaufman.
Vermian hematoma in a four-year-old child.
An unusual case of a vermian hematoma from the rupture of an angioma in a four-year-old child is presented. The lesion was treated successfully with complete recovery.
Pituitary function after removal of pituitary microadenomas in Cushing's disease.
Pituitary function has been studied sequentially after transsphenoidal removal of pituitary microadenomas in two men with Cushing's disease. Patient 1 gradually regained normal glucocorticoid levels with normal diurnal variation, metyrapone responsiveness, and low dose dexamethasone suppressibility (17-hydroxycorticosteroid, 6.5-0.9 mg/24 h). GH levels rose from 1 to 35 ng/ml during insulin hypoglycemia and from 2.3 to 27 ng/ml during arginine infusion. PRL secretion rose normally in response to thorazine, and gonadotropin and TSH levels remained normal. Patient 2 regained significant metyrapone responsiveness by 9 months postoperatively (11-deoxycortisol rose to 11.7 micrograms/dl), had a normal spontaneous nocturnal rise in PRL secretion, and normal levels of testosterone and thyroid hormones. The return to normal of cortisol-ACTH dynamics and GH responsiveness in Patient 1 and the normal nocturnal surge in PRL secretion in Patient 2 imply that in these patients the etiology of Cushing's disease was not related to hypothalamic dysfunction.
Suppression of serum testosterone concentrations in men by an oral contraceptive preparation.
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Acquired spontaneous, nontraumatic normal-pressure cerebrospinal fluid fistulas originating from the middle fossa.
Five cases of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas originating from the middle fossa are described, including one patient with an "empty" sella. It is suggested that acquired meningocele and meningoencephalocele progress to become CSF fistulas. The normal anatomical and physiological factors which give rise to acquired bone/dural/arachnoid dehiscences are discussed and illustrated.
Subtraction radiography: techniques and limitations.
Subtraction radiography permits the use of 7-10 times less contrast material than is required without subtraction techniques. The first-order, second-order, and composite mask techniques are described and evaluated. While the second-order technique gives more complete cancellation of common structures, the more commonly used first-order technique was found to be adequate for most clinical uses. The smallest change in contrast which can be detected using subtraction radiography is limited by inherent background film noise in the original radiographs and not by statistical fluctuations in the x-ray quanta.
Schistosoma mansoni infection of the colon: a case report and review of the late colonic manifestations.
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Systemic absorption of contrast agent during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
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'Sneeze syncope', basilar invagination and Arnold-Chiari type I malformation.
Syncope precipitated by sneezing in an adult male associated with an Arnold-Chiari type I malformation and basilar invagination presents a clinical problem in the differential diagnosis and pathological anatomy of Valsalva-related syncope. An abnormally acute clivoaxial angle, small foramen magnum, and type I Arnold-Chiari malformation appear to be a combination of features intolerant of Valsalva-induced changes in cerebral volume, brain-stem position, CSF fluid dynamics, or blood vessel relationships. Proposed mechanisms of pressure transmission to the area of intracranial pathology are discussed.
Infusions of hFSH and hLH in normal men. I. Kinetics of human follicle stimulating hormone.
Serial serum assays of immunoreactive FSH before, during and after a 4 h intravenous infusion of human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH) in five healthy men revealed two disappearance rate constants with corresponding mean half-lives of 2.9 and 50.6 h. The mean distribution spaces calculated for the fast and slow component were 4.36 1 and 75.9 1 respectively. The average value for the metabolic clearance rate was 17.2 ml/min and for the endogenous production rate 50.9 mU/min. Two of the subjects had human luteinizing hormone (hLH) added in the infusions without the FSH kinetics changing.
Gastroenterology: a hypothetical case of rectal bleeding; incorporating a management self-test.
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Indications and therapeutic applications of gastrointestinal endoscopy.
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Sialic acids. Enzymatic synthesis of Tay-Sachs ganglioside.
A particulate preparation from embryonic chicken brain catalyzed the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine from uridine diphospho-N-acetylgalactosamine to the ganglioside GM3 (hematoside, sialyllactosylceramide). The kinetic properties of the transferase were determined. The product was isolated and on the basis of chemical analysis and chromatographic behavior was shown to be Tay-Sachs ganglioside (GM2). The particulate preparation also utilized N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and some of its derivatives as acceptors, but partial heat inactivation and substrate competition experiments indicated that the two classes of acceptors, hematoside and N-acetylglucosamine, were substrates for different N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases. The enzyme that utilized hematoside showed low but detectable activity with analogues such as lactosylceramide and sialyllactose, but no activity with a wide range of other beta-galactosides and glycosphingolipids. These results are in accord with a proposed pathway for the biosynthesis of the gangliosides and for the patterns of these substances in different cell types and tissues.
The sialic acids. XVIII. Subcellular distribution of seven glycosyltransferases in embryonic chicken brain.
The subcellular distribution of seven glycosyltransferases was studied in embryonic chicken brain. Four of the transferases are required for the synthesis of gangliosides, and three for the synthesis of the terminal trisaccharide units of serum type glycoproteins. Six of the transferases were found only in the particulate fraction of homogenates, while one (UDP-galactose:glycoprotein galactosyltransferase) was found both in the paritculate and soluble fractions of young embryonic chicken brain, but only in the particulate fraction obtained from older embryos. The source of the soluble galactosyltransferase was found to be the fluid surrounding the embryonic brain. Fractionation studies by the Whittaker technique showed that the seven activities were located primarily in the nerve ending (synaptosome)-rich fraction.
Contrecoup skull fractures.
The authors describe the frequency, pathological features, and significance of contrecoup fractures of the anterior cranial fossae, which occur commonly when falls with occipital or temporal impacts cause fatal head injuries.
Endocrine evaluation and indications for surgery of functional pituitary adenomas.
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Letter: Optic canal enlargement.
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Enzymatic synthesis of glucocerebroside by a glucosyltransferase from embryonic chicken brain.
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