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Biomedical subjects

B Jones

Publications and source records attributed to B Jones.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Spatial perception in the blind.

It is often that the spatial senses (vision, hearing and the tactual senses) operate as distinct and independent modalities and, moreover, that vision is crucial to the development of spatial abilities. However, well controlled studies of blind persons with adequate experience show that they can function usefully in space. In other words, vision is not a necessary condition for spatial awareness. On the other hand, thought the blind may be equal or even superior to the sighted when performing spatial tasks within the body space, they may be deficient, either developmentally or absolutely, in tasks which involve events at a distance from the body, principally in auditory localization. One possible explanation of the differences between blind and sighted (McKinney, 1964; Attneave & Benson, 1969, Warren, 1970) is that vision is the primary spatial reference, and inputs from other modalities are fitted to a visual map. Several criticisms of this theory are adduced and an alternative theory derived from Sherrington (1947), in which all sensory inputs map on to efferent patterns, is sketched.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Stimulus persistence in retarded and nonretarded children: a signal detection analysis.

Nine institutionalized EMR and 9 equal-CA nonretarded children were tested on a visual backward masking task. Signal detection analysis was used to separate the sensory and nonsensory aspects of behavior, and the presentation of stimuli was randomized to minimize the formation of effective strategies. Two sets of instructions, strict and lenient, and two stimulus durations, 10 and 30 msec, were used in a repeated measure design. No differences were found between the intelligence groups on interstimulus interval threshold or measures of stimulus sensitivity, criterion placement, and false positive rate. Retarded subjects showed significantly greater intersubject variability in criterion placement but failed to raise their criterion in response to strict instructions. The results suggest that (a) stimulus-trace concepts of retardation have been confounded by retarded subjects' inability to compete effectively with nonretarded subjects in the experimental situation, and (b) signal detection procedures are a useful alternative to traditional psychophysical techniques in such comparative research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Allograft cytotoxicity. Role of T lymphocytes bearing a receptor for complement.

The ability of sensitized spleen populations to kill allogenic mouse cells in vitro is lost after depletion of cells bearing receptors for C3. It is suggested that complement receptor T lymphocytes (T-CRL) play a role in the effector phase of specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The finding of large C3 rosette-forming cells staining for a specific T marker further supports the view that activated T cells may bear C3 receptors.

Animals↗