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Biomedical subjects

B Jacobsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Jacobsson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Influence of cell size on the effects of insulin and noradrenaline on human adipose tissue.

In the present study dose-response relationships of the effects of noradrenaline and insulin on fat cells of different sizes were performed. Adipose cells larger than 100 mum were more responsive (expressed as absolute effects) to the lipolytic action of noradrenaline as well as to the antilipolytic effect of insulin. This suggests that in the larger cells the capacity, i.e. the sum of factors contributing to the ability to stimulate or inhibit the metabolic rates, was greater than in the smaller ones. In contrast the sensitivity to these agents, i.e. the readiness to respond, was not different between small and large cells. It is shown that the concentrations of insulin needed to obtain an antilipolytic effect is far below that needed to stimulate glucose incorporation. This discrepancy in insulin concentrations required may be due to binding of insulin to receptors with different affinity.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

Tissue toxicity of intravenous solutions. A phlebographic and experimental study.

A phlebographic study in 32 children has shown that i.v. infusion of invertose, glucose, Vamine and Intralipid but not saline, damages the tissues as judged from changes in the vessel walls, oedema and disturbances in the venous circulation. The addition of Heparin to the solutions markedly reduced the frequency of these untoward reactions. The toxicity of invertose, glucose, Vamine and Intralipid was studied experimentally in a biologic tissue: the cheek pouch of the hamster. All solutions particularly Vamine caused some damage to the microcirculation. In this study the factor mainly responsible for thrombophlebitis was the toxicity of the solution infused. Other factors such as surgical trauma, site of entry, local infection, temperature of solutions etc. played only a minor role.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Thromboresistance and stability of a heparinized polymer.

Untreated shunts and shunts heparinized according to a modification of the method of Eriksson et coll. were inserted between the femoral artery and vein in mongrels. Scanning electron microscopy of pieces excised at different time periods of exposure to blood was performed. The heparinized surface had excellent thromboresistant properties with no thrombus formation after 4 hours, while the untreated shunts were covered with platelets already within 20 min. The leakage of heparin in vitro was less than 3 per cent of the total wall-bonded heparin during 90 min.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

A review of children operated upon because of stenosis of the pelvo-ureteral junction.

The authors report the late results of reconstructive surgery on stenosis of the pelvo-ureteral junction in children. 69 patients had been operated during 1965--1970. The results on clinical grounds were good: the infections and pain disappeared and the renal function was normal; however, the operation had no noticeable effect on the hydronephrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Effects of age and cell size on rat adipose tissue metabolism.

In order to analyze separately the effects of cell size and age on the metabolism of rat adipose tissue, fat cells of different sizes were obtained from the same animals. The rats were 4 or 15 wk old. The results show that age as well as cell size influences the metabolic rates. At a given cell size, the basal lipolysis, the lipolytic effects of glucagon and noradrenaline, the rate of glucose incorporation into the triglycerides, and the effect of insulin on glucose metabolism were considerably increased in the young animals. Furthermore, irrespective of fat cell size the lipolytic action of glucagon was reduced in old animals. The data thus show that experiments with large fat cells from old rats and with small cells from young animals cannot be directly compared because both variables may influence metabolic reactions.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1973

Hypertension, asymmetric renal parenchymal defect, sterile urine, and high E. coli antibody titre.

During an 11-year period four children were seen with asymmetric renal parenchymal reduction, arterial hypertension, and sterile urine. The history and radio-logical or histological findings, or both, were consistent with "abacterial pyelonephritis" induced by bacterial infection in early childhood. All four had raised antibody titres to Escherichia coli. Three possibilities may explain the high antibody titres and insidious course of the renal damage-the presence of bacterial variants or amorphous bacterial antigen in the kidneys or the fact that because of cross-reactivity between certain E. coli O antigens and renal tissue the "E. coli antibodies" were, in fact, autoantibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1972

Effect of cell size on lipolysis and antilipolytic action of insulin in human fat cells.

The lipolytic response to catecholamines and the antilipolytic effect of $$Word$$ were studied as a function of adipose cell size and number. The results show that cellular enlargement is associated with an increase in the basal lipolysis as well as the release of glycerol induced by salbutamol (a beta(2)-receptor agonist), noradrenaline, adrenaline, and isopropyl-noradrenaline. The glycerol release induced by all these agents seems to be more favorably correlated with cell surface area than with cell volume or diameter. Under the incubation conditions used with glucose in the medium, the antilipolytic effect of insulin on the basal as well as on the adrenaline- and isopropylnoradrenaline-stimulated lipolysis was not consistent at any cell size studied. However, in the presence of noradrenaline and salbutamol, insulin exerted a consistent antilipolytic effect. The results show that the larger adipose cells are at least as sensitive to the antilipolytic effect of insulin as the smaller cells. The results imply that the previously reported diminished responsiveness to insulin shown by large adipose cells is exerted only on the side of lipid accumulation. It is suggested that the negative correlation between cell size and responsiveness to insulin on the side of lipid accumulation may be one way to control adipose cell enlargement.

Adipose Tissue↗