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Biomedical subjects

B Husum

Publications and source records attributed to B Husum.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Sister-chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes in women with cancer of the breast.

Examination of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) in lymphocytes may be useful for the evaluation of exposure to mutagens/carcinogens. Information of a possible association between SCE and cancer is scarce. We therefore examined SCE in peripheral lymphocytes in 131 women, aged 17-90 years (median 51.8 years), coming to operation because of a tumor of the breast. Venous blood samples were cultivated during PHA stimulation in the presence of BrdU. After treatment with colcemid (R), fixation, treatment with bisbenzimide and staining with Giemsa, 30 metaphases were scored in each specimen. 52 patients with peroperatively demonstrated carcinoma of the breast had 9.39 +/- 0.17 SCE/cell and the remaining 79 women with non-malignant fibroadenomatosis had 9.88 +/- 0.18 SCE/cell. By multiple regression analysis it appeared that the character of the tumor, the patient's age, hormone treatment and preoperative examination by mammography all were without significant influence on the SCE rate. A statistically significant correlation was found between SCE and cigarette smoking. THe 45 cigarette-smoking patients had 10.49 +/- 0.23 SCE/cell compared with 9.26 +/- 0.13 SCE/cell in the 86 non-smokers. It was concluded that spontaneous SCE in lymphocytes is not an indicator of carcinoma of the breast.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Allen's test and systolic arterial pressure in the thumb.

The result of Allen's test for arterial patency was compared with systolic arterial pressure in the thumb following manual occlusion of the radial artery in 8 patients aged 11-72 yr undergoing cardiovascular surgery. In 19 of 235 hands (8.1%), manual compression of the radial artery reduced the systolic arterial pressure in the thumb to less than 40 mm Hg, indicating inadequacy of the collateral ulnar arterial supply. The predictive value of a negative Allen's test was 0.992. Thus, in only 0.8% of cases would a negative Allen's test falsely indicate adequacy of the collateral ulnar supply. These results justify general application of Allen's test before radial artery cannulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes after anaesthesia with halothane or enflurane.

The potential mutagenicity of inhalation anaesthetics was investigated by the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test system applied to lymphocytes in peripheral blood drawn from patients before and after anaesthesia. Twenty-one women, aged 39-82 years (median 57.7 years) received halothane for 75-180 min (median 125 min). Fourteen other patients, aged 45-90 years (median 67.5 years) received enflurane for 90-180 min (median 130 min). In both groups the numbers of SCEs were unchanged immediately following anaesthesia and 5 days after. It was concluded that, by this method, comprising human cells exposed in vivo, there was no indication of mutagenic effect of short-term exposure to halothane or enflurane in anaesthetic concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes in operating room personnel.

Sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and sister chromatid exchange points (SCE-points) were counted in lymphocytes in peripheral blood drawn from hospital personnel exposed to anesthetics as well as from persons not exposed. A total of 38 healthy persons were investigated, representing female nurse anaesthetists, male physicians practising anaesthesia, female nurses from the intensive care unit, and female secretaries. The mean SCE number per cell for each person was used as the variable, and the Mann-Whitney U-test was applied to test for differences between groups. The group of secretaries seemed to differ from the other three groups, which appeared identical (P less than 0.002). Correlation of cigarette smoking and number of SCE could not be demonstrated (r=0.255, n=38). It was concluded that by this method there was no indication of a mutagen effect of long-term exposure to waste anaesthetic gases such as halothane and nitrous oxide.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Immediate hemodynamic effect of pharmacological doses of methylprednisolone in dogs, and the influence of speed of injection.

Reports of sudden death of patients during i.v. administration of methylprednisolone (M.P.) prompted the present study of the hemodynamic effect of M.P. given i.v. to dogs. Fifteen healthy, mongrel dogs were anesthetized with thiomebumal, fentanyl, droperidol, pancuronium and N2O/O2. With ventilation and circulation in steady state, M.P. 30 mg/kg b.w. was given i.v. either as a push bolus (n=7) or over a 5-min period (n=8). In the bolus group, mean aortic pressure (MAP) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) had decreased to 72 and 60%, respectively, 1 min after the start of the steroid injection, while heart rate (HR), cardiac index (CI), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP) and left ventricular work (LVW) had not changed significantly. In the 5-min group, the HR increased by 23%, while the other parameters were unchanged during the injection period. Within 5 min after the termination of the steroid injection all hemodynamic parameters had returned to pre-injection levels in both groups. Sodium, potassium, magnesium, protein and calcium in serum were unchanged in both groups during the injection period and in the following 15 min. A significant, transient fall in ionized calcium was observed in all six dogs in which this ion was measured. It was concluded that rapid i.v. injection of pharmacological doses of M.P. in hemodynamically stable, anesthetized dogs causes immediate, transient decreases in SVR and MAP. The mechanisms may be an alpha adrenergic blocking action or a direct effect on the muscles in the peripheral vessels, combined with a negative inotropic effect on the myocardium, possibly mediated through an impeded calcium release.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1980

Before cannulation of the radial artery: collateral arterial supply evaluated by strain-gauge plethysmography.

Systolic arterial pressure in the thumb was measured using strain-gauge plethysmography before and after compression of the radial artery in 259 patients (aged 11--75 years), undergoing vascular or open-heart surgery. In 38 hands (in 27 patients aged 37--75 years), manual compression of the radial artery reduced the arterial pressure in thumb to less than 40 mmHg (5.3 kPa), and consequently the collateral ulnar arterial supply was judged to be inadequate. Because 27 out of 259 patients (10.4%) would be without adequate blood supply to one or both thumbs following occlusion of the radial arteries, cannulation of the radial artery should be performed only after ensuring the presence of an adequate collateral ulnar arterial supply.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Percutaneous cannulation of the dorsalis pedis artery. A prospective study.

Strain-gauge plethysmography was used to determine the systolic arterial pressure in the great toe of 38 patients (aged 23-70 yr) undergoing lung surgery. In eight patients (21%) manual compression of the dorsalis pedis artery reduced the arterial pressure in the great toe to less than 40 mm Hg, and cannulation of the artery was not attempted. In 24 of 30 patients with adequate collateral arterial supply, a Teflon cannula (Venflon 1.20) was inserted percutaneously to the dorsalis pedis artery. Median cannulation time was 160 min. Six patients (25%, 95% confidence limits 10-47%) developed thrombosis of the artery and, in one, unsuccessful cannulation caused thrombosis. In two patients, recanalization of the artery occurred between the 2nd and the 8th day after operation. In four patients, examination 3-5 months after cannulation revealed a persisting decrease in the function of the dorsalis pedis artery. This suggests that the dorsalis pedis artery should not normally be selected for cannulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Postoperative arterial oxygen tension after peroperative PEEP-ventilation.

Forty otherwise healthy patients (29 women and 11 men), undergoing elective cholecystectomy, were randomly allocated to be ventilated during the operation either with a positive end-expiratory pressure of 1 kPa (10 cmH2O) (PEEP group) or with intermittent positive pressure ventilation without PEEP (control group). During the operation the mean arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) in the PEEP group increased from 14.6 to 16.5 kPa, while no changes occurred in the control group (13.5 and 13.6 kPa). On the first postoperative day, PaO2 decreased by 12% of the preoperative values in the PEEP group; the decrease was 20% in the control group. On the third postoperative day, the PaO2 in the control group was still 9% below the preoperative values, but on the fifth day, both groups had reached their preoperative PaO2 values. In the postoperative period, no statistically significant difference in PaO2 could be demonstrated between the groups. Determinations of the forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in the first second showed no difference between the groups pre- or postoperatively. The present study demonstrated no clinically relevant beneficial effect of peroperative PEEP ventilation on the postoperative arterial hypoxaemia after an upper abdominal laparotomy.

Anesthesia, General↗