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Biomedical subjects

B Harris

Publications and source records attributed to B Harris.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Maternity blues.

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Depression↗
PubMed1980

Prospective trial of L-tryptophan in maternity blues.

Under double blind conditions 55 young, bottle feeding, multiparous women received L-tryptophan 3 g daily or placebo for ten days after delivery, and were also assessed daily for psychiatric symptoms. This treatment did not reduce 'maternity blues', but the mothers' blues scores correlated significantly with the scores for anxiety, depression and hysteria on the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire given in the eighth month of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effects of Masonex and forms of cottonseed hulls on dairy cows.

Thirty-six lactating Holstein cows were in a 5 X 3 factorial partially balanced incomplete block design with three missing categories to study effects of different forms of cottonseed hulls and liquid supplements on milk production and composition. Roughages were regular cottonseed hulls, pelleted cottonseed hulls, pelleted cottonseed hulls with 9% fat, pelleted undelinted cottonseed hulls, and pelleted undelinted cottonseed hulls with 9% fat. Liquid supplements were 8% Maxonex2 (hemicellulose extract) and 8% cane molasses. Control had no supplement. All rations were adjusted to contain 30% cottonseed hulls. Roughages with added fat gave total rations of 2.5% added fat (air dry). Least square means for daily intake of dry matter, milk yield, and fat percent were regular cottonseed hulls 21.6 kg, 20.3 kg, 3.37%; pelleted cottonseed hulls 20.3 kg, 21.4 kg, 3.06%; pelleted cottonseed hulls plus fat 20.1 kg, 21.1 kg, 2.51%; pelleted undelinted cottonseed plus fat 19.4 kg, 20.9 kg, 2.73%. Pelleted cottonseed hulls increased milk yield, decreased dry matter intake and milk fat percent, but did not affect milk fat yields. Rations with pelleted undelinted cottonseed hulls resulted in higher milk fat percent and body weight than pelleted cottonseed hulls. Added fat decreased milk fat percent and yield because of high degree and unsaturation. Liquid treatments produced no detectable effects on dry matter intake, milk yield, or fat percent.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1979

Faithful transcription of eukaryotic genes by RNA polymerase III in systems reconstituted with purified DNA templates.

The virus-associated (VA) RNAI gene in human adenovirus 2 DNA has been shown by Wu (Wu, G. J. (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 75, 2175--2179) to be transcribed by RNA polymerase III in a human KB cell-free extract. In the present report we have examined the fidelity of transcription of adenovirus 2 DNA and Xenopus oocyte 5 S DNA templates by RNA polymerase III in extracts derived from cultured human, murine, and amphibian kidney cells, Size and sequences analysis of the discrete transcripts synthesized in these homologous and heterologous systems indicate that they result from accurate transcription of the corresponding genes. The specific transcripts identified include both the adenovirus VA RNAI and VA RNAII, Xenopus 5 S RNA, and VA RNAI and 5 S RNA species with elongated 3' termini. The extracts derived from the various cell types differ in the ability to discriminate between the two VA RNA genes or between the heterogeneous 5 S RNA genes in the cloned DNA fragment. Wherease the human cell extracts transcribe the VA RNAI and VA RNAII genes of adenovirus at a relative frequency close to that observed in isolated nuclei, the amphibian cell extract appears to transcribe only the VA RNAI gene. The amphibian cell extract transcribes primarily that 5 S RNA gene (within 5 S DNA) which encodes the dominant oocyte 5 S RNA, whereas the human cell extract transcribes at least two distinct 5 S RNA genes. Additionally, it is shown that the VA RNAI and VA RNAII genes have separate promotor sites. The kinetics of the transcription reactions have been examined and conditions optimal for specific transcription have been established by examining the effects of salt, metal ion, and template concentrations on both total and specific RNA synthesis. It is also shown that components in the cell-free extract (from human cells) are active in directing the accurate transcription of adenovirus DNA by purified RNA polymerase III.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1979

Gap phenomenon in "the right and left bundle branch systems" during retrograde conduction in man.

Gap phenomenon in right and left bundle branch systems during retrograde conduction is described in two patients with manifest reentry within the His-Purkinje System (V3 phenomenon). In this form of gap the premature impulse (S2) initially blocked in the right bundle branch system and conducted retrogradely via the left bundle branch system as manifested by sudden prolongation of S2H2 interval and appearance of V3. At close coupling intervals S2 impulse encountered retrograde block in the left bundle branch system and resumed retrograde conduction via the right bundle branch system with S2H2 intervals shorter than critical value and was not followed by V3. However, on further shortening the S1S2 intervals S2 impulse blocked again in right bundle branch system and resumed conduction via the left bundle branch system with S2H2 intervals longer than critical values and V3 reappeared. The mechanism of these gaps is not clear but we believe is similar to the one proposed in Types I and II gaps in antegrade bundle branch conduction and involves proximal delay allowing distal recovery. The similarities and differences between the gap phenomenon in bundle branches during antegrade and retrograde conduction are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Disruptive effects of disconfirmed expectancies about crowding.

The experiment utilized a 2 (high vs. low room density) X 2 (forewarning of a crowded room vs. no forewarning) X 2 (simple vs. complex task) design to examine the effects of anticipation of crowding on task performance. More tasks were attempted and efficiency was higher when expectancies about the crowd were confirmed. Subjects not told to anticipate a crowd who actually worked under high density and subjects warned about a crowd that did not materialize performed most poorly. These differences were largest for the complex task. Baum and Greenberg's results were replicated with the performance data. Perceptions of the experimental room also differed as a function of anticipation, but failure to obtain a Crowding X Anticipation interaction did not support their hypothesis that anticipating a crowd induces identical perceptions to those obtained under actual crowding. The results are discussed in terms of disconfirmed expectancies being disruptive of performance, particularly complex task performance.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Corrosion of stainless steel surgical implants.

In the light of examination of a series of failed stainless steel implants, the paper suggests that much material currently used for orthopaedic prostheses is not of a sufficiently high metallurgical quality for its purpose.

Corrosion↗
PubMed1978

Developmental regulation in cotton seed germination: polyadenylation of stored messenger RNA.

Evidence that RNA preexisting in the cotyledons of mature cotton seed (stored mRNA) is polyadenylated during the first day of germination is presented, based on three different experimental data sets. First, actinomycin D is found to inhibit 32PO4 incorporation into mRNA-poly(A) by 62%, into mRNA by 70%, but into poly(A) only 30%. Second, far more 32PO4 and [2-3H]adenosine are incorporated into the poly(A) portion of mRNA-poly(A) than into the mRNA portion as would be expected from their relative sizes and base composition. This underlabeling of the mRNA moiety is enhanced when cotyledons are germinated in actinomycin D. However, an expected distribution of the isotopes between the mRNA and poly(A) moieties is found in cotyledons labeled later in germination. Third, spectral measurements of the absolute amount of mRNA-poly(A) accumulated during the first day of germination in cotyledons germinated in actinomycin D are larger than would be expected from the 70% inhibition of mRNA labeling caused by the drug. The three sets of data suggest that over 50% of the total mass of mRNA polyadenylated during early germination exists in the mature seed. Its complexity, however, has not been measured. These data may explain the sensitivity of much of germination enzyme synthesis to inhibition by 3'dAdo during early germination and its insensitivity to actinomycin D during this period.

Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1978

Structural relationships of low molecular weight viral RNAs synthesized by RNA polymerase III in nuclei from adenovirus 2-infected cells.

Previous studies have shown that endogenous class III RNA polymerase(s) in nuclei from adenovirus 2-infected cells synthesize virus-coded RNA species which are approximately 200 (V200), 156 (V156), and 140 (V140) nucleotides in length (Weinmann, R., Brendler, T. G., Raskas, H.J., and Roeder, R. G. (1976) Cell 7, 557-566). The V156 nuclear RNA is identical in sequence to the major virus-associated RNA (VA RNA1 or 5.5 S RNA) synthesized in intact cells (Ohe, K., and Weissman, S. M. (1971) J. Biol. Chem. 246, 6991-7009). The V140 RNA contains several components, one of which appears identical to a minor virus-associated RNA (VA RNAII) which is synthesized in infected cells (Mathews), M. B. (1975) Cell 6, 223-229). Thus transcription of the VA RNAI and VA RNAII genes in vitro accurately reflects the in vivo transcription of these genes. The V200 RNA contains all the nucleotide sequences found in V156 RNA plus an additional 38 to 40 nucleotides on the 3' terminus. Transcription of the gene encoding this RNA species terminates within a stretch of 6 deoxythymidylic acid residues which are located 38 nucleotides beyond the predicted termination site for VA RNAI and which are preceded by a GC-rich sequence of nucleotides. These data suggest either that the V200 RNA is a precursor to the VA RNAI or that the RNA polymerase III occasionally reads-through the presumptive VA RNAI gene termination signal and stops at a potentially stronger downstream termination site.

Adenoviridae↗