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Biomedical subjects

B Habibi

Publications and source records attributed to B Habibi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Autoimmune hemolytic anemia].

Autoimmune hemolytic anemias are a heterogenous group of disorders as evidenced by the multiple forms and classifications they have been commonly subjected to: acute or chronic, idiopathic or symptomatic, clinically latent or expressed, due to warm or cold autoantibodies. This work attempts to give an overview and synthesis of recent achievements in the knowledge of these syndromes within clinical, immunohematologic and pathophysiologic fields. In contrast, little progress has been made in the therapeutic measures the efficacy of which depends on the same variables as more than a decade ago.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1988

[Immune hemolytic anemia induced by drugs].

Drugs may induce immune destruction of red blood cells through either autoantibody formation or antibody formation against the drug or its metabolites. In the former scheme the drug is believed to induce autoimmunization by causing some central dysregulation of the immune system the mechanism of which is still unclear. In the latter, data have been accumulating during the last decade pertaining to clinical manifestations, incriminated drugs, and immunohematologic diagnosis. The sharp specificity and individual variations of drug specific antibodies as well as the recognition of the receptor role of red cell blood group antigens explaining the involvement of red cells in drug-antidrug complexes are among the recent achievements in the knowledge of these anemias.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1987

[Prevalence of anti-HIV antibodies in immunoglobulins recipients].

Seven hundred and forty subjects who, between 1980 and 1985, had received intravenous or intramuscular injections of immunoglobulins (Ig) prepared by Cohn fractionation of plasma pools from more than 2000 donors were investigated for anti-HIV antibodies. Anti-HIV antibodies were detected in only one subject, a female drug addict and therefore belonging to a group at high risk of AIDS. In contrast with the huge amounts of Ig received by the remaining 739 subjects (976 litres intravenously, 128 litres intramuscularly), this young woman had only received 10 ml of anti-HBs Ig intramuscularly. The wide scattering in both space and time of these recipients of Ig and the prevalence of anti-HIV antibodies among blood donors in France (0.7 per 1000 in 1985) suggest that all the batches studied (over 100) were contaminated by HIV. The absence in these subjects of seropositive reaction ascribable to the injections of Ig confirms that Cohn fractionation inactivates the virus, as demonstrated in vitro. It is concluded that recipients of Ig prepared from plasma pools not tested for the absence of anti-HIV antibodies should not be regarded as a group at risk of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Use of red cells of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobulinuria for the detection of hemolyzing antibodies].

90 serum samples from patients with cold agglutinin syndrome were tested for the presence of complement dependent hemolysins, against normal donor red cells versus red cells from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Hemolysins could be found only in 50% of samples in the first but in up to 95% of samples in the second test configuration. The difference in sensitivity was still more pronounced when protease untreated red cells were used: 1 weak versus 64 strong reactions. The high performance of PNH red cells in detecting hemolysins is specifically observable in any patient with this disease, and should be utilized as a useful diagnostic tool to reveal hemolysins otherwise undetectable by conventional immunohematologic methods.

Complement System Proteins↗
PubMed1986

Blood group antigens on fetal red cells obtained by umbilical vein puncture under ultrasound guidance: a rapid hemagglutination test to check for contamination with maternal blood.

Seventy-two fetal blood samples obtained by umbilical vein puncture under ultrasound guidance for prenatal diagnosis and monitoring purposes were tested for the expression of 38 blood group antigens. The gestational age at sampling ranged from 18 to 34 wk with 76% of fetuses between 20 and 25 wk. Compared to adult red blood cells, the following antigens showed either abnormally decreased frequency, or significantly reduced expression: A, B, A1, H, Lua, Lub, Lea, Leb, P1, P, and I. Selected anti-I and anti-i cold agglutinins, active at room temperature, were used at appropriate dilution, in a rapid slide or spin test to check for possible mixture of the sample with maternal blood and were shown to detect contaminations up to 5%. The test has proved particularly helpful for immediate and in process assessment of foetal origin of the sampled blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Transmission of AIDS virus by transfusion and blood products. Risks and preventive strategies].

This article reviews some of the epidemiologic aspects of transmission of LAV through transfusion of blood and blood products in the light of data available until late December 1985 in France, Europe and the United States. As of December 1985, blood transfusion has been considered the etiologic factor in 2.58% of the 15,172 cases of AIDS reported in the USA and in 5.6% of 1,573 cases of AIDS registered in Europe. Whole blood, cellular blood components and plasma derivatives except Albumin and immunoglobulins have been incriminated in 1.75 to 2.22 of the above percentages. Hemophiliacs under long term therapy by factor VIII and factor IX concentrates (0.83 to 3.36 of the above percentages) represent a highly exposed group when one considers the small proportion of these individuals in the general population (1/10,000 inhabitants). Three preventive measures have been officially implemented in the French transfusion network: self refrainment and deferral of prospective donors belonging to risk factor groups, systematic screening of donated blood for the presence of anti-LAV antibodies and elimination of seropositive units, heat treatment of coagulation factor concentrates to achieve viral inactivation. Information and medical follow up of LAV-contaminated donors thus identified and of their partners represent an important issue among the current public health problems.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

[Human fibronectin in the treatment of septic states. Tolerance and course of plasma levels].

A purified freeze-dried fibronectin concentrate prepared by the Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine from blood donors' plasma pools was tested for safety and effects on recipients' plasma fibronectin levels. The product was administered on 17 occasions to 10 patients with severe sepsis, either as bolus intravenous injection (group B) or as bolus injection of one-half of the dose followed by continuous infusion of the remaining half-dose over a 6-hour period (group B + P). The drug was well tolerated both clinically and biochemically. Following a 1 mg/kg dose of fibronectin, the maximum increase in mean plasma fibronectin levels was 17 +/- 5 mg/l in group B patients and 20 +/- 5 mg/l in group B + P patients. Mean times to peak were 188 +/- 53 min and 282 +/- 106 min respectively in the two groups. A cooperative randomized double-blind trial is currently in progress to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the product.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[In vitro evaluation and study of the survival of erythrocytes preserved in a saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol medium for 35 days].

The saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM) solution for resuspension of red cells was evaluated on 30 blood units tested over 42 days and compared to 5 red cell concentrates collected on the conventional CPD medium. Total and extra-cellular hemoglobin, potassium, pH, ATP and DPG concentrations, osmotic fragility, schizocyte formation, and red cell antigenicity were studied through the storage period. Chromium survival studies of autologous donated red cells were performed in 10 donors. Red cell concentrates resuspended in SAGM solution showed at the 35th day of conservation at 4 degrees C, a mean storage hemolysis of only 0.66%, an ATP concentration of 67% of the initial value, a schizocyte proportion of less than 1.5%, a mean 24 hour posttransfusion viability of 88.33% and a mean red cell T 1/2 survival of 25 days 10 hours. No alteration of common blood group antigens could be found after storage of red cells for 42 days.

Adenine↗