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Biomedical subjects

B Grignon

Publications and source records attributed to B Grignon.

50 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Blood bactericidal activity and clinical course of 168 patients having septicemia].

The value of serum bactericidal activity (SBA) determination for assessing the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy was evaluated in a retrospective open study in 168 cases of septicemia. Outcomes in a first group (I) of 67 patients with a SBA of at least 1/4 were compared with outcomes in a second group (II) of 101 patients with a SBA below 1/4 or non-determined. Within these groups, outcomes of 37 septicemias due to Gram negative bacilli (subgroup Ia) and 22 staphylococcal septicemias (subgroup Ib) with a SBA greater than or equal to 1/4 were compared with outcomes in 26 septicemias due to Gram negative bacilli (subgroup IIa) and 22 staphylococcal septicemias (subgroup IIb) with a SBA less than 1/4. Statistical analysis of distribution of age, sex, underlying disease, biologic parameters and antibiotics given demonstrated no significant difference between the various groups. 56 patients (86.1%) recovered in group I, against 76 (79.1%) in group II; corresponding figures are 34 (91.1%) and 21 (84%) in subgroups Ia and IIa respectively. These differences are not significant (p greater than 0.05). Our findings suggest that an "effective" SBA fails to correlate with favorable outcome of septicemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Problem of the in vitro sensitivity to cefamandole of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus].

In work involving 127 strains of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, belonging to two resistance categories, homogeneous or RO and heterogeneous or RH and using five cephalosporins, cefalotin, cefazolin, cefamandole, cefotaxime and latamoxef, the authors compared the results of their in vitro sensitivity measurements with two methods: agar disk diffusion and growth inhibition in liquid medium (Autobac). They also compared the MIC values with a significant fraction (19 strains). In order to detect heterogeneous resistance experiments were carried out in duplicate, with one series grown in hypertonic medium and incubated for 48 heures at 37 degrees C, or grown on normal medium with lower incubation at 30 degrees C. In both defined techniques and in vitro, it was observed that the 127 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains except one were sensitive to cefamandole and that 26 were also sensitive to cefalotin. Considerable caution is necessary in the in vivo transposition of these findings. May be present media are not able to allow growth of resistant strains to cefamandole.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1982

Oral lecithin and linoleic acid in Friedreich's ataxia: III. Biochemical results.

Lecithin and safflower oil brought about the same changes in serum LAD activity and kinetics in patients with Friedreich's Ataxia as in controls when results of this double-blind crossover study were analyzed according to group assignation. According to functional stages, pretrial LAD activity decreased with advancing severity while Km for lipoamide increased. Lecithin and safflower oil supplements corrected the elevated Km for lipoamide but produced a further reduction in LAD activity. These changes may have been due to the increased intake of linoleic acid, a precursor of lipoic acid, which is present in high percentage in both lecithin and safflower oil. Results of the biochemical study thus agreed with the clinical data gathered during the course of the one-year trial in suggesting that linoleic acid may well have been the active factor through which biochemical and clinical improvement was previously observed in patients with Friedreich's Ataxia supplemented with lecithin.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

The beta-amino acid transport system in Friedreich's ataxia.

Taurine and beta-alanine uptake in cultured skin fibroblasts proceeds through at least two distinct amino acid transport systems. The predominant beta amino acid uptake system which we refer to as the "Beta" system, incorporates taurine in a proportion of 95%. Beta-alanine in a proportion of 80% and does not incorporate beta-amino-isobutyric acid. A second transport system for beta-alanine seems to be operative cultured skin fibroblasts and this system shares the characteristics of system "L" for branched-chain and ring-side neutral amino acids. Results of ion depletion experiments, metabolic inhibition by drugs and blocking agents and previous kinetic studies of taurine and beta-alanine uptake in cultured skin fibroblasts failed to disclose any major difference in beta-amino acid transport between control individuals and patients with Friedreich's ataxia.

Alanine↗
PubMed1979

Dicarboxylic amino acid uptake in normal, Friedreich's ataxia, and dicarboxylic aminoaciduria fibroblasts.

Glutamic and aspartic acid uptake was measured in skin fibroblasts from patients with Friedreich's Ataxia, dicarboxylic aminoaciduria, and normal individuals. The results showed no difference in uptake kinetics of either dicarboxylic amino acids between Friedreich's Ataxia and normal cells, but reduced uptake velocities in dicarboxylic aminoaciduria fibroblasts. Friedreich's Ataxia fibroblasts were, however, less calcium-dependent and more magnesium and phosphate-dependent than controls in glucose-free incubation mixture. This difference might be related to some degree of glucose intolerance by Friedreich's Ataxia fibroblasts in culture.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Kinetics of bactericidal activity of antibiotics measured by luciferin-luciferase assay.

ATP production, measured by the luciferin-luciferase assay, is an indicator of bacterial metabolic activity. This enzymatic assay yields rapid results (less than 5 minutes), permitting multiple measurements and establishment of ATP growth curves in order to study the kinetics of antibiotics in bacterial populations. The measurement of free or extracellular ATP, total ATP (extra and intracellular) and the ratio of free to total ATP are additional means of studying the bacteriostatic or bactericidal activity of antibiotics. An increase in free ATP is an indicator of extracellular movement due to alteration of the cell wall. The ratio free ATP/total ATP x 100 greater than or equal to 50%, indicates bacteriallysis. These assays were used to study the effects of 14 antibiotics on two reference strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus 25923.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[CT diagnosis of acute gastric volvulus].

Acute gastric volvulus is an infrequent entity. Management is surgical. Diagnosis frequently is delayed because of the non-specific nature of presenting symptoms. The authors report a case of acute gastric volvulus diagnosed by computed tomography in a 92 year old woman that was confirmed at surgery. The pathophysiology, classification and different presentations of this entity are briefly reviewed. CT findings suggesting gastric volvulus are reviewed as well.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR patterns of dialysis arthropathy.

Ten patients (average age 51 years) on long-term hemodialysis (average duration 13.5 years) were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) (all cases) and CT (five cases) for cystic radiolucencies of the wrist, shoulders, and hips. MR and CT revealed more lesions of smaller size than plain films and both showed a constant communication with the joint space. Synovial hypertrophy was generally absent or very mild even in the case of large osseous erosions. The MR analysis of the content of the lesions in the wrist was quite variable: low signal on T1- and T2-weighted images (12 of 24), low signal on T1- and high signal on T2-weighted images (10 of 24), and high signal on T1- and T2-weighted images (2 of 24). The patterns of transplanted (four cases) or ungrafted (six cases) patients were indistinguishable. These results suggest an articular origin of the lesions, but different from synovial processes such as rheumatoid arthritis, and confirm their probable multifactorial pathogenesis.

Female↗