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Biomedical subjects

B Gordts

Publications and source records attributed to B Gordts.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Evaluation of a new method for routine in vitro cultivation of Giardia lamblia from human duodenal fluid.

Although a method for in vitro cultivation of Giardia lamblia was described as early as 1927, only a few clinical isolates were cultured in vitro due to the complexity of the techniques. We developed a method which allows for the routine isolation of Giardia trophozoites from human duodenal fluid and maintenance of the organisms in axenic culture. This study evaluates the method in 198 patients. Seventeen strains of Giardia were isolated and cultivated axenically. The method was more sensitive than the microscopic examination of aspirated fluid and examination of an impression of mucosal biopsy. Five patients, however, excreted cysts in the stool, although no trophozoites could be demonstrated in the duodenal fluid. G. lamblia were cultivated from one patient who did not excrete cysts. The method will enable the collection of G. lamblia strains from clinical material in large numbers and can offer an important advance in epidemiological, biochemical, immunological, and therapeutic investigations of giardiasis.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of severe staphylococcal infections with a rifampicin-minocycline association.

During an outbreak, 25 severely impaired patients (mean age 62) presented with severe infections due to Staphylococcus aureus resistant to oxacillin and aminoglycosides. All strains were isolated in pure culture and diagnostic procedures included transtracheal puncture and bone biopsy. Median MICs were: oxacillin 50 mg/l, gentamicin 12.5 mg/l, tetracycline 25 gm/l, vancomycin 0.195 mg/l, rifampicin 0.097 mg/l and minocycline 0.195 mg/l. All patients were treated with rifampicin (600 mg/day) and minocycline (200 mg or 400 mg/day) administered together intravenously or orally bid. Mean duration of treatment was 22 days (range 5 to 119). Overall results were 19/25 infections cured and one improved. Five were failures due mostly to emergence of Staph. aureus resistant to rifampicin. No side effects were noted. These preliminary results suggest that rifampicin plus minocycline may be useful in the treatment of severe infections due to multi-resistant Staph. aureus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Comparison between the in-vitro activity of new agents on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis patients and other chronic infections.

The in-vitro activities of the newer antipseudomonal agents cefsulodin, ceftazidime, U-63196, aztreonam and piperacillin were compared, together with azlocillin, carbenicillin, ticarcillin and tobramycin against 98 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. On all of the 43 isolates from cystic fibrosis patients and the 55 strains from other chronically infected patients, ceftazidime (MIC90: 5.0 and 2.8 mg/l respectively) and cefsulodin (MIC90: 8.2 and 3.1 mg/l) were the most active cephalosporins, and U-63196 the least active (MIC90: 40.1 and 46.1 mg/l). A high incidence of resistance (23 of 55 strains) to tobramycin was found only in the non-cystic fibrosis isolates. The activity of the other agents was comparable in the cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis isolates. MIC90 for aztreonam were 15.8 and 13.6 mg/l. Piperacillin was the most active penicillin in both populations (MIC90: 25.8 and 21.8 mg/l). Cross resistance was demonstrated in both populations for the penicillin compounds.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of latex agglutination and counterimmunoelectrophoresis in the diagnosis of acute Streptococcus pneumoniae infections.

The ability of latex agglutination (Slidex Pneumokit) and counterimmunoelectrophoresis to detect Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen in body fluids was evaluated. The patients were classified as having proven Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, suspected Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, acute superinfection of chronic bronchitis or non-pneumococcal respiratory infection. Sixty-two non-pneumococcal meningitis patients were also included in the study. Latex agglutination and counterimmunoelectrophoresis tests were performed on serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid specimens when indicated and repeated each week until the patient was discharged. Latex agglutination was done on samples boiled for 10 min. In vitro sensitivity of counterimmuno-electrophoresis and latex agglutination were 10 and 1 ng/ml respectively for type three antigen. In pulmonary disease (proven and suspected Streptococcus pneumoniae infection) counterimmunoelectrophoresis and latex agglutination had a clinical sensitivity of 72.9 and 87.5% respectively, a specificity of 96.3 and 92.6%, a predictive value for a positive test of 97.2 and 95.4% and for a negative test of 66.6 and 80.6%. Latex agglutination may offer an alternative to counterimmunoelectrophoresis in the rapid diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae infections since it is easier to perform and gives a reliable result within 15 min.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Ceftazidime as a single agent in the treatment of severe Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

Ceftazidime was administered intravenously in doses of 1 to 6 g/day to 21 patients with serious Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections (12 pulmonary, 6 septicaemias, 3 urinary tract infections). Mean MIC was 1.0 mg/l. Eighteen (86%) of the 21 patients responded satisfactorily (cured or improved). The selection or emergence of resistant organisms during treatment (mostly Candida, Staphylococcus aureus, and enterococci) was noted in 6 patients. Toxicity was minimal (eosinophilia and reversible mild liver function abnormalities).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Use of ceftazidime in the therapy of serious infections, including those due to multiresistant organisms.

Ceftazidime was administered intravenously or intramuscularly or both in doses of 1 to 6 g per day to 33 patients with serious gram-negative bacillary infections (12 pulmonary, 10 urinary tract, 4 soft tissue, 4 intraabdominal, and 3 miscellaneous infections). Twenty-one patients were septicemic. We identified 20 isolates of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and 13 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Seventeen patients had failed to respond to previous antimicrobial therapy. A total of 23 patients were clinically cured, 7 patients improved, and 3 patients failed to respond to therapy. The selection or emergence of resistant organisms during treatment (mostly Candida spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and enterococci) was noted in 11 patients. Toxicity was minimal (reversible mild liver function abnormalities and eosinophilia). The results of this study suggest that ceftazidime is an effective and well-tolerated new cephalosporin for the therapy of serious infections due to susceptible gram-negative organisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

In-vitro activity of 21 antimicrobial agents against Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Brussels.

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 21 antimicrobial agents was measured for 80 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Brussels in 1978. Bimodal distributions were found for penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxycillin, carbenicillin, and cephalexin. Of the strains, 17.5% were relatively resistant to penicillin G (MIC greater than 0.08 microgram/ml) 27.5% to ampicillin (MIC greater than 0.16 microgram/ml), 23.8% to amoxycillin, and 43.3% to carbenicillin. Cefotaxime was the most active antibiotic, with MICs in the nanogram range; 3.8% and 5% of the strains were relatively resistant to cephaloridine and cephalexin respectively, but no strains were resistant to cefazolin, cefuroxime, or cefotaxime. Resistance to tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, erythromycin, and spiramycin (MIC greater than 1 microgram/ml) was found in 6.3%, 2.5%, 5%, and 51.3% of the strains respectively. A very good correlation was present between chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol, with 16.3% and 10% of relatively resistant strains respectively. Only two isolates showed an MIC greater than 1.25 microgram/ml for rifampicin, and 10% of the strains needed greater than or equal to 12 microgram/ml of spectinomycin for complete inhibition of growth. A very high energy was found for the 20 : 1 combination of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim, with only one isolate resistant to this combination. None of the strains tested produced beta-lactamase.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of 24 antimicrobial agents against Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni.

The bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of 24 antimicrobial agents were tested with the Dynatech MIC 2000 system against 86 strains of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni from human sources. The penicillins (penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxycillin, carbenicillin) had poor activity. Ampicillin and amoxycillin were equally active. Cefotaxime revealed a rather good activity. Erythromycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and furazolidone were the most active compounds. Two strains (2.3%) were resistant to erythromycin. One strain (1.2%) was completely resistant to tobramycin. The tetracyclines (tetracyline, doxycycline, minocycline) were generally effective, but 8% of the strains were totally resistant to them. Minocycline was the most active. Chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and clindamycin had good activity. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal distributions for colistin, nalidixic acid, and metronidazole were broad.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro study on the antimicrobial activity of various antibiotics against clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Belgium collected during winter 1998-1999.

A total of 205 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained from 10 different centres were included in this study. The susceptibilities to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, grepafloxacin, levofloxacin, trovafloxacin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, miocamycin, clindamycin and tetracycline were determined by a microdilution technique following NCCLS recommendations. Decreased susceptibility to penicillin was 16.1% [6.8% intermediate (0.12-1 microgram/mL) and 9.3% high-level (> or = 2 micrograms/mL)], cefotaxime insusceptibility (> or = 1 microgram/mL) 12.7%, ciprofloxacine insusceptibility (> or = 2 micrograms/mL) 15.6% with 1.5% of high level resistance (> or = 4 micrograms/mL), erythromycin insusceptibility (> or = 0.5 microgram/mL) 36.1% and tetracycline insusceptibility (> or = 4 micrograms/mL) 22.9%. Decreased susceptibility to cefotaxime was found in 78.8% of the penicillin-insusceptible isolates. No decreased susceptibility was found for gemifloxacin (> or = 0.5 microgram/mL) and trovafloxacin (> or = 1 microgram/mL). Compared to the 1996-1997 surveillance, penicillin, cefotaxime and erythromycin insusceptibility rose by 3.8%, 5.2% and 5.0% respectively, while tetracycline insusceptibility decreased with 8.2%. MICs of all beta-lactams rose with those of penicillin for penicillin-insusceptible isolates. Amoxicillin +/- clavulanate, cefotaxime and imipenem were generally 1, 1 and 5 doubling dilutions respectively more potent than penicillin on these isolates. Penicillin, ampicillin and cefuroxime were equally active while cefaclor was generally 5 dilutions less potent. Most penicillin-insusceptible isolates remained fully susceptible to amoxicillin +/- clavulanate and imipenem. The penicillin-insusceptible isolates were 36.4%, 27.3% and 3.0% co-insusceptible to erythromycin, erythromycin plus tetracycline and tetracycline respectively. A subpopulation of 52 isolates obtained from children aged < or = 3 years was also studied. Compared to the other isolates we found a statistically significant increase in insusceptibility for penicillin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, erythromycin, clarithromycin and tetracycline while a significant decrease was found for ciprofloxacin.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Susceptibility of clinical isolates of Fusarium to antifungal drugs.

The inhibitory activities of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, ketoconazole and terbinafine against nine isolates from clinically apparent infections of Fusarium solani, four isolates of Fusarium moniliforme and 10 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum were determined with an agar diffusion method (Neosensitabs) and an agar dilution method. The inhibition zones obtained with antifungal Neosensitabs need very careful interpretation. We did not find a good correlation between the agar diffusion method using Neo-sensitabs preloaded with azoles and amphotericin B and the agar dilution method. Amphotericin B (12/23) and terbinafine (18/23) showed good activity. Miconazole (7/23) and ketoconazole (3/23) had poor inhibitory activity. Fluconazole and itraconazole (0/23) had no in vitro activity against any of the isolates tested.

Amphotericin B↗