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Biomedical subjects

B Gordts

Publications and source records attributed to B Gordts.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Orbital involvement of sinusitis].

Sinusitis can spread to the orbital tissues. 'Preseptal' soft-tissue bacterial infections are relatively common during childhood and with appropriate antimicrobial therapy they usually resolve quickly. 'Orbital' soft-tissue infections, in contrast, are relatively rare and frequently cause serious morbidity. Four cases are presented. Symptomatology and pathogenesis are reviewed. Diagnostic procedures, especially CT-scan, are discussed and recommendations are given for medical and surgical management.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Fatal septicemia with Capnocytophaga canimorsus in a compromised host. A case report with review of the literature.

Capnocytophaga canimorsus (DF-2) is a newly described gram-negative bacterium that can produce serious infections following dog bites in the immunocompromised host. We are reporting a case of C. canimorsus infection in an elderly patient with a history of chronic respiratory disease and alcohol abuse. We also give a review of the clinical spectrum of the infection, discuss the difficulty in establishing the diagnosis and the preferential treatment.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

The importance of the quinolones in antibacterial therapy.

New quinolones have obtained a definite position in the treatment of certain sexually transmitted diseases, urinary tract infections, prostatitis, gastrointestinal infections, nosocomially acquired pulmonary infections with resistant organisms, pseudomonas infections in cystic fibrosis, and osteomyelitis. The role of the new quinolones in upper respiratory tract infections, acute or chronic bronchitis and community acquired pneumonia is far less established. Their role in selective decontamination of the gastrointestinal tract in neutropenic patients is under investigation. Future modifications may increase their usefulness for treatment of mycobacterial infections, chlamydial infections, and mycoplasma and ureaplasma infections. The structural relationship of the new quinolones with antimalarial drugs may open new perspectives for the treatment of falciparum malaria.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1989

National study on the utilization of prophylactic antibiotics in surgery, Belgium, 1986.

During the last week of May 1986, a 1-week prospective study on antibiotic utilization in surgical patients was held in 104 (42%) of the 247 Belgian acute care hospitals. All surgical patients with a post-operative stay of at least 3 days were studied, involving 3112 patients. Each patient was observed for 7 days, starting from the day before surgery. Antibiotics were administered to 71.9% of all patients; 21.9% received therapeutic antibiotics and 52.9% prophylactic antibiotics; 2.9% received both. Of the 1285 patients undergoing a surgical procedure with no indication for antimicrobial prophylaxis, 50.7% nevertheless received prophylaxis; 92.8% of patients with a generally recognized indication for prophylaxis received antibiotic prophylaxis. Less than one fifth (17.1%) of all prophylactic courses were stopped on the day of the intervention whilst 26.3% were continued up to the fifth post-operative day or beyond. The most frequently prescribed drugs for this indication included first and second generation cephalosporins and nitroimidazoles. The number of different generic drugs utilized per hospital ranged from 1 to 18 (mean: 7.7).

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Pharmacokinetic evaluation of ofloxacin in serum and tonsils.

The bioavailability of ofloxacin in tonsil tissue, after a single oral dose of 200 mg 2 h before surgery, was evaluated in 14 patients undergoing tonsillectomy for recurrent or chronic infection. A blood specimen was obtained just before drug administration and at the time of tonsillectomy, together with a specimen of tonsil tissue. The mean values of the serum and tonsil concentrations 2 h after a single dose of 200 mg were 1.17 mg/l +/- 0.47 and 1.61 mg/l +/- 0.62 respectively with a mean tonsil/serum ratio of 1.40 +/- 0.19. These values indicate good penetration of ofloxacin into tonsil tissue. No clinical or biological side-effects were observed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

A blood-free medium for isolation of thermophilic Campylobacter species.

A blood-free medium for the recovery of thermophilic Campylobacter was compared with Butzler Medium Virion during a one-year study using 2,893 human feces samples. Ninety Campylobacter strains (3.1%) were isolated after incubation for 48 h at 42 degrees C in a candle jar atmosphere. Three strains of Campylobacter jejuni were isolated on the blood-free medium only and one on Butzler Medium Virion only. Fecal flora was equally well inhibited on both media except for gram-positive organisms, which were completely inhibited only on the blood-free medium.

Blood↗
PubMed1987

Occurrence and transfection of a Giardia virus.

The presence of virus-derived RNA was investigated in 38 axenically growing Giardia isolates from different geographic areas. The RNA virus was demonstrated in Giardia strains from humans in the U.S.A., England and the majority of strains from Poland. Two strains isolated respectively from a cat and a cavia also contained it. Giardia strains from humans in Belgium and Israel did not contain this RNA virus. Transfection of the RNA virus was accomplished from English and Polish strains, as well as from the cat isolate to isolates lacking it. Differences were observed both in sensitivity of Giardia strains to transfection and in infectivity of the RNA virus from different Giardia strains. Transfection could be carried out with sonicated Giardia extract as well as with filter sterilized medium in which Giardia strains containing RNA virus had grown. The RNA virus did not replicate in Giardia-free medium. No correlation could be demonstrated between the presence of the RNA virus in Giardia isolates and their in vitro resistance to some antiprotozoal drugs, nor with the fact that the strain originated from symptomatic or asymptomatic carriers. The presence of the RNA virus in Giardia trophozoites did not influence the isoenzyme patterns or restriction endonuclease patterns of repetitive DNA. A correlation may exist with the length of time since the isolation in axenic culture of the strain.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Surveillance of aminoglycoside resistance. European data.

The susceptibility patterns of gram-negative aerobic organisms to aminoglycosides differ widely from one European health care center to another and depend upon local antibiotic prescribing policies. Reports of the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to gentamicin and tobramycin have ranged from as low as 49.8 percent and 77.7 percent, respectively, in Greece, to as high as 96.6 percent and 99.2 percent, respectively, in the United Kingdom. The susceptibility of P. aeruginosa to gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin decreased in our hospital from 73.1 percent, 94.8 percent, and 95.6 percent, respectively, in 1982, to 43.1 percent, 70.6 percent, and 74.3 percent, respectively, in 1984. A prospective surveillance study of the susceptibility of gram-negative aerobic bacilli to four aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and netilmicin) was performed over a period of 17 months. Gentamicin and tobramycin were freely used, while the use of amikacin was restricted throughout the hospital during a four-month baseline period (May through August 1984). Gentamicin and tobramycin accounted for 94 percent of the aminoglycoside use. During the following 13 months (September 1984 through September 1985), amikacin was used as the first-line aminoglycoside and accounted for more than 97 percent of the aminoglycoside usage. A total of 1,866 organisms were analyzed during the baseline period; 5,429 were analyzed during the amikacin-usage period. The overall susceptibility to gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and netilmicin increased from 86.9 percent, 90.4 percent, 94.2 percent, and 88.3 percent, respectively, to 92.3 percent, 94.0 percent, 97.3 percent, and 92.3 percent, respectively. P. aeruginosa isolates had the most striking changes, with the susceptibility to gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and netilmicin increasing from 43.1 percent, 70.6 percent, 74.3 percent, and 50.6 percent, respectively, during the baseline period, to 64.5 percent, 81.6 percent, 90.8 percent, and 65.1 percent, respectively, during the amikacin-usage period. The use of amikacin as a first-line aminoglycoside, while use of the other aminoglycosides was restricted, seemed to have a favorable influence on the susceptibility pattern of gram-negative aerobic isolates in our hospital.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1986

In vitro activity of BRL 36650, a new penicillin.

Compared with four beta-lactam antibiotics and amikacin, BRL 36650 and BMY-28142 were the most active against 509 Enterobacteriaceae, including cefotaxime-resistant isolates and resistant laboratory mutants. BRL 36650 was more active than aztreonam, ceftazidime, and BMY-28142 against Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other Pseudomonas spp.; all strains were inhibited by 2 micrograms/ml or less.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1986

In vitro susceptibility of Capnocytophaga species to 29 antimicrobial agents.

A hemoglobin-supplemented medium composed of Columbia agar base supplemented with 1% hemoglobin and 1% Polyvitex was used to investigate the in vitro activity of 29 antimicrobial agents against Capnocytophaga species. Clindamycin was the most active agent, with all strains being inhibited by 0.06 microgram/ml or less. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and imipenem were the most active among the beta-lactam antibiotics (MIC for 90% of strains tested [MIC90], 0.50 microgram/ml); other very active drugs were BMY 28142, cefpirome, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone (MIC90, 0.06 to 0.50 micrograms/ml), although at least one strain showed resistance to each of these antibiotics (MIC, greater than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml). Ciprofloxacin was the most active among the quinolones, with all strains being inhibited by 0.50 microgram/ml. The MICs of the other four drugs ranged from 0.12 to 4 micrograms/ml. Ampicillin, penicillin G, ticarcillin, aztreonam, and temocillin were moderately active (MIC90, 1 to 8 micrograms/ml; MIC range, less than or equal to 0.03 to greater than 128 micrograms/ml). All strains were uniformly resistant to the aminoglycosides, polymyxin B, vancomycin, trimethoprim, and amphotericin B. Three strains produced beta-lactamase. No significant difference was found between the susceptibility of strains isolated from various sources or patients.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to Sch 34343 and other antibiotics.

The in-vitro activity of Sch 34343 was evaluated against 137 strains of anaerobic bacteria by the agar dilution technique. Sch 34343 was compared with imipenem, cefoxitin, latamoxef (moxalactam), clindamycin and metronidazole. Organisms studied included the Bacteroides fragilis group, other Bacteroides spp., Clostridium perfringens, Cl. difficile, other Clostridium spp. and anaerobic cocci. Overall, Sch 34343 and imipenem were significantly more active than the other antibiotics against most organisms tested, especially the Bact. fragilis group, including clindamycin-resistant strains. Apart from Cl. difficile, which required up to 8 mg/l of Sch 34343 and imipenem for inhibition, all the strains were inhibited by 1 mg/l of Sch 34343 and by 2 mg/l of imipenem. Of the remaining agents tested, against the Bact. fragilis group metronidazole (2 mg/l to inhibit 90% of the strains) was the most active, followed by cefoxitin (16 mg/l), latamoxef (32 mg/l) and clindamycin (32 mg/l). On the basis of its activity in vitro, Sch 34343 appears to be one of the most promising new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infections involving anaerobic bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

In vitro susceptibilities of 25 Giardia lamblia isolates of human origin to six commonly used antiprotozoal agents.

The role drug resistance plays in the occurrence of chronic and recurrent giardiasis has not been established. Extensive data on the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of living Giardia spp. trophozoites from human origin are lacking. We have determined with a macrodilution method in semisolid medium the in vitro susceptibility of 25 Giardia lamblia isolates, all obtained by routine cultivation of the duodenal fluid of children to six commonly used antiprotozoal drugs. The results showed tinidazole to be the most active drug (all isolates have MICs of less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml). Metronidazole was equally active on all but one isolate, for which an MIC between 0.5 and 1 micrograms/ml was found. Furazolidone was the most active nonimidazole compound tested. More than 50% of the isolates were very susceptible to paromomycin, pyrimethamine, and chloroquine. Two of the strains presented an MIC for paromomycin higher than 10 micrograms/ml, and six strains needed more than 50 micrograms of pyrimethamine per ml to be inhibited. Decreased susceptibility of several of the isolates to different agents appears to be linked.

Animals↗