Kartagener's syndrome with motile spermatozoa.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
B Gondos
Publications and source records attributed to B Gondos.
Carcinoma of the endometrium: review of experience at a community hospital, 1971-1977.
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Giant granules and rod-shaped inclusions arising de novo in monocytes and macrophages cultured from a patient with acute monocytic leukemia.
In this paper we describe the de novo appearance of azurophilic giant granules and rod-shaped inclusions in monocytes and macrophages grown from the peripheral blood and bone marrow of a patient with acute monocytic leukemia; no such inclusions were evident in direct smears of the patient's peripheral blood or bone marrow. The cytochemical profile of the inclusions, their origin in mononuclear phagocytes only, and their development exclusively in vitro suggest that they are distinct from Auer rods, Chediak-Higashi-like giant granules, and other abnormal azurophilic inclusions previously described in patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.
Adolescent↗
Ultrastructure of synovial chondromatosis.
Electron microscopic examination in a case of synovial chondromatosis associated with moderate cytological atypia showed chondrocytes with abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, prominent Golgi complexes, and peripheral aggregates of glycogen. These findings emphasize the similarity in ultrastructural appearance of chondromatosis, mature hyaline cartilage, and benign cartilaginous tumors and thus support the generally benign nature of synovial chondromatosis.
Ankle Joint↗
Germ cell kinetics in the neonatal rabbit testis.
Germ cells in the developing rabbit testis were found to undergo several distinct changes in the first two weeks after birth. Mitotic activity, which had been high in the late fetal period, reached a peak on the day before birth, then diminished steadily and ceased entirely after five days of age. Extensive germ cell degeneration occurred in the first week after birth resulting in accumulation of pools of degenerating germ cells in the central portions of the cells at various stages of preleptotene could be found in squash preparations. This corresponded to the time when germ cells in the rabbit ovary enter and proceed through meiotic prophase. There was no evidence of entry into leptotene or later stages of meiosis in the neonatal testis. The findings suggest that a similar stimulus for entry into meiosis may exist in both sexes, but a blockage occurs in the male.
Animals↗
Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary with virilization. Light- and electron-microscopic study.
A case of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary associated with hirsutism and increased testosterone production is described. Electron-microscopic examination revealed accumulation of basement membrane-like material and other ultrastructural features consistent with endodermal sinus tumor. Groups of polyhedral cells associated with the tumor were found to contain abundant lipid material. These luteinized stromal cells were evidently responsible for the endocrine manifestations.
Adult↗
Cellular interrelationships in the human fetal ovary and testis.
Information on the cellular changes involved in human gonadal maturation has increased considerably in recent years with the introduction of special techniques for coordinating structural and functional analyses. An approach that appears to be particularly promising is the use of freeze-fracture techniques. Utilizing this method, we have demonstrated the formation of specialized intercellular junctions in the developing ovary and testis. Studies in several species have indicated similar findings which relate to the formation of the blood-testis barrier and the coordination of cellular activity involved in steroidogenesis. Further progress in understanding of maturational changes in the developing gonads will depend on continuing correlation of structural and functional changes in specific cell populations.
Cell Differentiation↗
Effects of antiserum to luteinizing hormone on the structure and function of rat Leydig cells.
The influence of LH on morphology and function of Leydig cells was investigated in adult rats by selective neutralization of endogenous hormone with specific antibodies. Administration of antiserum to LH to mature male Sprague-Dawley rats for 8 days caused a significant decrease in testis weight and levels of testosterone in serum but had no effect on the overall number of interstitial cells per testis. The ability of interstitial cells isolated from antiserum-treated animals to produce testosterone in response to exogenous LH was also significantly lower than that of cells derived from animals treated with normal rabbit serum. Although the number of interstitial cells was similar in the treated and control groups, morphological studies indicated a major decrease in the number of fully differentiated Leydig cells in the antiserum-treated animals. Furthermore, neutralization of LH with antiserum resulted in disruption of the endoplasmic reticulum and accumulation of dense bodies resembling lysosomes in the Leydig cells. These results suggested that the primary trophic action of LH is to induce and maintain the steroidogenic capacity of the Leydig cells.
Animals↗
Induction of sarcomas in nude mice by implantation of Syrian hamster fetal cells exposed in vitro to nickel subsulfide.
In vitro exposure of Syrian hamster fetal cells to nickel subsulfide (alpha Ni3S2) yielded positive colony assays for morphological transformation. A dose-response relationship was found between the concentration of alpha Ni3S2 and the incidence of morphological transformation. Exposures of alpha Ni3S2 induced morphological transformation at concentrations (0.1 or 1.0 microgram/ml of culture medium) which did not impair cell plating efficiency. Nickel monosulfide (NiS) did not induce morphological transformation of Syrian hamster fetal cells under the same conditions. Clones of alpha Ni3S2-transformed cells were able to grow in soft agar medium and demonstrated increased basal and induced activities of ornithine decarboxylase. Undifferentiated sarcomas developed in 26 of 27 nude mice at the site of s.c. injection of clones of alpha Ni3S2-transformed cells. No tumors developed in 19 control nude mice which were given s.c. injections of nontransformed Syrian hamster fetal cells which had not been exposed to alpha Ni3S2. This study demonstrates that fetal cells which undergo transformation following exposure to alpha Ni3S2 are capable of producing malignant tumors in nude mice.
Animals↗
Cellular interrelationships in the fetal rabbit testis.
The types and patterns of arrangement of membrane interrelationships in the fetal rabbit testis were studied, using coordinated freeze-fracture, lanthanum tracer and standard transmission electron microscopic techniques. The testicular cords contain a mixture of large spherical germ cells and oval to elongated Sertoli cells. Desmosomes are present between germ cells and Sertoli cells and between adjacent Sertoli cells. Tight junctional specializations of the type found between Sertoli cells in the adult are not seen. In freeze-fracture replicas, short strands of particles of two different size populations are found on the surfaces of Sertoli cells. Similar short strands of particles are present on the membranes of peritubular myoid cells. In lanthanum preparations, the tracer passes freely between peritubular cells and through intercellular spaces within the seminiferous cords, indicating lack of a barrier to its passage throughout the testicular tissue. Prominent macular gap junctions similar to those found between adult Leydig cells are readily observed on the surfaces of fetal Leydig cells. The presence of gap junctions in the fetal testis may be important in coordinating the active testosterone production which occurs during this period of development.
Animals↗
Progesterone and maintenance of pregnancy: is progesterone nature's immunosuppressant?
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Animals↗
Leydig cell differentiation in the prepubertal rabbit testis.
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Age Factors↗
Duodenal compression defect and the "superior mesenteric artery syndrome" 1.
Forty-two cases of progressive systemic sclerosis were reviewed. A compression defect of the duodenum was found at the site where the superior mesenteric artery crossed the duodenum in all patients with duodenal dilatation. A similar observation was made in patients with small-intestinal obstruction and pancreatitis. Both the defect and dilatation may spontaneously disappear and return. The author concludes that in the cases studied, the compression produced by the superior mesenteric artery is secondary to dilatation and loss of muscle tone of the duodenum. It does not cause obstruction, and its presence per se does not warrant a diagnosis of "superior mesenteric artery syndrome."
Dilatation, Pathologic↗
Cholesterol ester hydrolysis by homogenates of whole testis, seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells of mature rats.
The characteristics and localization of a cholesterol ester hydrolase enzyme in homogenates of whole testis and in isolated seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells of mature rats have been investigated. Hydrolysis of cholesteryl [1(-14)C]oleate occurred at an optimum pH of 7.0, was linearly related to time up to 5--6 h of incubation and increased linearly up to 0.25 mg protein/incubation. Hydrolytic activity was inhibited by increasing the incubation temperature from 29 to 41 degrees C and by sonication. Cholesterol ester hydrolase activity/mg protein was three times greater in homogenates of seminiferous tubules than in interstitial cells. Cholesterol ester hydrolase may function to provide precursors for use in seminiferous tubular steroid hormone biosynthesis or germ cell maturation.
Animals↗
Alternative explanations of the differing behaviour of ovarian and testicular teratomas.
There are several aspects of the biology of teratomas which may be important in the aetiology of malignant versus non-malignant forms. Firstly, the ages when malignant teratomas form in the ovary (children) and testis (adult) follow by a similar span of years the time of oogenesis (fetus) and spermatogenesis (onset at puberty) and, specifically, follow by less than a decade the periods of active mitosis and meiosis during which interconnection of germ cells by intercellular bridges occurs. Secondly, ovarian teratomas may be viewed as parthenogenically activated oocytes, while testicular teratocarcinomas may represent post-meiotic fusion events more comparable to fertilisation; the malignant potential in the latter case could relate to fundamental differences in male and femal germ plasm. Thirdly,, the fact that malignant teratomas are easily produced by transplanting early embryos to extrauterine sites, while there is loss of malignancy with differentiation within a tumour or when malignant cells are injected into pre-implantation embryos and contribute cells to a variety of normal tissues, suggests that the malignant potential of teratomas has to do with gene control rather than mutational events.
Adolescent↗
Postnatal differentiation of Leydig cells in the rabbit testis.
After the gradual disappearance of fetal Leydig cells in the first week after birth, the interstitial tissue of the rabbit testis is composed principally of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells between one and five weeks of age. Also present during this time are scattered partially differentiated cells with oval-shaped nuclei, prominent nucleoli and abundant cytoplasm. These cells exhibit some of the cytoplasmic features of steroid-secreting cells, but extensive development of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and the grouped perivascular arrangement of characteristic of fully differentiated Leydig cells are not present. The latter features appear at five weeks of age, indicating the formation of mature Leydig cells at that time. By seven weeks, the bulk of the interstitial tissue consists of Leydig cell aggregates, typical of the appearance in adult testis. Since spermatogonial mitoses first appear at seven to eight weeks of age, the findings indicate that Leydig cell differentiation precedes the onset of spermatogenesis.
Animals↗