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Biomedical subjects

B Glimelius

Publications and source records attributed to B Glimelius.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

A comparative study of glycosaminoglycans in cultures of human, normal and malignant glial cells.

The glycosaminoglycans (GAG) of human cultured normal glial and malignant glioma cell lines were studied using 35S-sulphate or 3H-glucosamine as markers. 35S-labelled GAG were assayed by precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride; 3H-labelled sulphated GAG and 3H-labelled hyaluronic acid were quantitated after separation on a DEAE-cellulos column. The net production of GAG and the distribution, composition and turnover of GAG were similar in all of the normal cell lines tested, but showed a great variability in the malignant cell lines. Most of the glioma cell lines produced more hyaluronic acid and less sulphated GAG than the normal cell lines, but exceptions were noted. The GAG of the trypsin susceptible (pericellular pool of normal glial cells consisted mainly of heparan sulphate with only minor amounts of other GAG. The analogous material of most glioma cells showed hyaluronic acid as the major GAG. Material liberated by trypsin from EDTA-detached cells (membrane fraction) was enriched in heparan sulphate as compared to the entire pericellular pool. Substrate attached material (SAM) left with the plastic dish after EDTA treatment of normal cultures was rich in heparan sulphate, whereas SAM of glioma cells lacked heparan sulphate or showed greatly reduced amounts of this component. Release of newly synthesized GAG to the extracellular medium was a rapid process in the normal cells but was more or less delayed in the glioma cells. The extracellular medium of the malignant glioma cultures was consistently poor in dermatan sulphate, as compared to that of normal cultures.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1978

Composition and distribution of glycosaminoglycans in cultures of human normal and malignant glial cells.

The glycosaminoglycans of human cultured normal glial and malignant glioma cells were studied. [35S]Sulphate or [3H]glucosamine added to the culture medium was incorporated into glycosaminoglycans; labelled glycosaminoglycans were isolated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography or gel chromatography. A simple procedure was developed for measurement of individual sulphated glycosaminoglycans in cell-culture fluids. In normal cultures the glycosaminoglycans of the pericellular pool (trypsin-susceptible material), the membrane fraction (trypsin-susceptible material of EDTA-detached cells) and the substrate-attached material consisted mainly of heparan sulphate. The intra- and extra-cellular pools showed a predominance of dermatan sulphate. The net production of hyaluronic acid was low. The accumulation of 35S-labelled glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular pool was essentially linear with time up to 72h. The malignant glioma cells differed in most aspects tested. The total production of glycosaminoglycans was much greater owing to a high production of hyaluronic acid and hyaluronic acid was the major cell-surface-associated glycosaminoglycan in these cultures. Among the sulphated glycosaminoglycans chondroitin sulphate, rather than heparan sulphate, was the predominant species of the pericellular pool. This was also true for the membrane fraction and substrate-attached material. Furthermore, the accumulation of extracellular 35S-labelled glycosaminoglycans was initially delayed for several hours and did not become linear with time until after 24 h of incubation. The glioma cells produced little dermatan sulphate and the dermatan sulphate chains differed from those of normal cultures with respect to the distribution of iduronic acid residues. The observed differences between normal glial and malignant glioma cells were not dependent on cell density; rather they were due to the malignant transformation itself.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1978

Biochemical characteristics of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Glucocorticoid receptors, B and T lymphocyte surface markers, concanavalin A-induced agglutination and thymidine incorporation.

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) has a variable clinical course and there is a great need of new prognostic laboratory parameters in this disease. 24 CLL patients were subjected to routine haematological and clinical investigation. The leukaemic cells were analyzed for surface immunoglobulins, complement and sheep red blood cell receptors, Concanavalin A-induced agglutination, cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptor and for proliferative activity by measurement of tritiated thymidine incorporation. The surface markers studied indicated that all cases were of B-cell origin. Only 5 of 23 patients studied had normal serum immunoglobulin levels. These cases showed a nonprogressive disease. 8 patients had increased infection tendency, all of whom had subnormal IgG levels; 4 of them also had subnormal IgA and IgM and 2 had subnormal IgA levels. 5 out of 6 patients with progressive disease and 3 of 11 with nonprogressive disease had an increased proliferative index, indicating a correlation between this parameter and disease progression. ConA agglutinability was not correlated to disease activity. Cells from 17 of 22 patients showed measurable amounts of glucocorticoid receptor. The 5 patients lacking this receptor had inactive disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Lectin agglutinability of non-neoplastic and neoplastic human lymphoid cells in vitro.

Agglutination by two lectins, Concanavalin A (Con A) and Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), has been investigated in a human lymphoid cell system. The main conclusions of this study are: (1) no systematic correlation exists between the neoplastic state and sensitivity to Con A or RCA; (2) cells of neoplastic lines vary unsystematically in their surface properties as evaluated by Con A agglutination, with the possible exception that presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a high degree of agglutination and (3) cells of diploid lymphoblastoid lines and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphoctes agglutinate similarly and significantly better than unstimulated T- or B-lymphocytes. The relatively simple Con A agglutination assay can be used as an adjunct in classification of human lymphoid cell lines.

Agglutination↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reactions to gastrointestinal cancer--variation in mental adjustment and emotional well-being over time in patients with different prognoses.

The relation between mental adjustment, often referred to as coping strategies, and emotional well-being and their changes over time were studied in 139 consecutive, newly diagnosed gastrointestinal cancer patients. Sixty-six patients were potentially cured since all known disease could be removed by surgery, whereas in 73 patients, this was not possible. A more confronting reaction to the diagnosis was associated with better emotional well-being whereas avoidance of reminders of, and intrusive thoughts about the disease were associated with more distress. In agreement with other studies, we found that the coping strategy 'Fighting Spirit' was associated with better emotional well-being while the reverse was true for the strategies 'Hopeless/Helplessness' and 'Anxious Preoccupation'. There were only minor changes over time in the average values of emotional well-being and coping strategies, particularly among patients who at diagnosis were considered incurable. In analyses of each individual's changes of predominant coping style and whether they were categorized as cases/doubtful cases on the HAD anxiety and depression scale, marked changes were, however, seen in several patients. The analyses of mean values give an impression of stability, whereas analyses of the number of patients with a specific predominant coping strategy and how they change, give another. The question of whether coping strategies and emotional well-being change through the course of the disease has no simple and obvious answer. Whether some of the investigated coping strategies should be conceptualized in terms of coping, or whether they are an outcome of the coping efforts, are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale--a psychometric analysis and the concept of coping.

A psychometric analysis of the Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale was performed in a heterogeneous Swedish sample of cancer patients (n = 868). The homogeneity of the original subscales proved to be satisfactory (alpha coefficients 0.61-0.81). The sample was randomly split into two subgroups, and a factor analysis was carried out in one of them using the LISREL 8.20 procedure. This yielded four factors called 'Hopeless', 'Positive', 'Anxious' and 'Avoidant' including 28 of the 40 original items (alpha coefficients 0.58-0.81). The novel factor structure was cross-validated and confirmed in the second subgroup. In contrast to the original scale (one item), 'Avoidance', was indexed by three items. The distinction between mental adjustment and coping is discussed. It is concluded that both versions of the MAC scale are measures of mental adjustment including emotional reactions as well as coping.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic significance of flow cytometry studies in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

The prognostic relevance of flow cytometric DNA measurements of lymph node biopsies in relation to histopathology according to the Kiel classification, stage, age and presence or absence of B-symptoms was investigated in 106 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) of proven B-cell type. Biopsies were taken at diagnosis before treatment. The mean proportion of cells in S-phase was significantly lower in the 76 patients with a 'low grade' NHL (4.4 per cent) than in the 30 patients with a 'high grade' NHL (13.0 per cent) (p less than 0.0001). High S-phase rates were associated with a poor prognosis within the whole material (p less than 0.01) and within the group of 'high grade' NHL (p less than 0.05). In the subgroup CB-CC lymphomas of 'low grade' NHL, the prognostic value of the S-phase rate was stronger than any other investigated parameter (p less than 0.05). In multivariate analyses, the S-phase rate gave, in several subgroups, independent prognostic information, besides clinico-pathological variables.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative study of proliferation-associated parameters in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

The prognostic value of three proliferation-associated parameters, the frequency of cells in S-phase, mitotic index (MI) and serum deoxythymidine kinase levels (S-TK), was examined in 106 primary cases of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), 76 'low grade' NHL and 30 'high grade' NHL and compared with morphology and clinical variables. All three proliferation factors displayed large differences in the mean values of the two groups 'low grade' and 'high grade' NHL, and all revealed significant prognostic information. In 'low grade' NHL, the information decreased with follow-up time. A correlation (r = 0.7) was noted between S-phase values and MI but not between S-TK and the two others. In the entire patient material and in the two prognostic groups defined by morphology, S-TK gave the best prognostic information. MI gave better prognostic information than S-phase values in the whole material and in 'low grade' NHL, whereas the reverse appeared to be true for 'high grade' NHL. In the multivariate analyses, no other parameter apart from S-TK provided any further prognostic importance in the cases of 'high grade' NHL, whereas in that of 'low grade' NHL, MI, stage, age and histology had independent importance.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infiltration of eosinophils in Hodgkin's disease involved lymph nodes predicts prognosis.

The number of infiltrating eosinophils were counted in tumour specimens from an unselected material of 140 cases of primary Hodgkin's disease (HD) and divided in three groups. Twenty-six cases (19 per cent) showed heavy infiltration (> 200 eosinophils/10 vision fields (VF)), 51 (36 per cent) moderate infiltration (11-200 eosinophils/10 VF and 63 virtually no infiltration (< 10 eosinophils/10 VF). The eosinophilic infiltration was significantly more pronounced in the nodular sclerosis subtype. Cases with heavy infiltration had a significantly worse disease-free survival compared to other cases. In a multivariate analysis, heavy eosinophilic infiltration was the most important factor for determining disease-free survival in all patients and also when patients above and below 60 were analysed separately.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Discrepancies between attainment and importance of life values and anxiety and depression in gastrointestinal cancer patients and their spouses.

Patients' satisfaction with life, viewed in terms of the discrepancy between the perceived attainment and subjective importance of various life values, is a less often studied phenomenon for understanding the psychological adaptation in cancer patients. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the relation between the degree of attainment and importance of life values on the one hand, and anxiety and depression, on the other. A consecutive series of 85 newly diagnosed patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, 52 potentially cured and 33 with an advanced disease, and 26 spouses to the patients with an advanced disease participated. The patients and spouses of non-cured patients filled out questionnaires twice, close to the diagnosis and after 1 (non-cured patients) or 3 months. Overall, large discrepancies between the perceived attainment and importance of life values were associated with high anxiety and depression. For the patients (both cured and non-cured), the discrepancies decreased for several life values over time, as did anxiety and depression. For the spouses of the non-cured patients, there was no decrease either for life value discrepancies or for anxiety/depression. This suggests that patients, in contrast to their spouses, strive to achieve small discrepancies between the perceived attainment and importance of life values, as part of their adjustment to serious diseases, e.g. cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pre-operative and post-operative radiotherapy and rectal cancer.

The appropriate role for additional radiotherapy in patients with resectable rectal cancer is not yet settled. Irradiation has been considered by surgeons and radiotherapists as superfluous since no effect on survival has been shown. However, numerous trials have demonstrated that peri-operative radiotherapy decreases an often high local recurrence rate while others believe it has a definite place in routine management. Several surgeons have, on the contrary, claimed that a skilled surgeon compared to a less skilled surgeon, will get the same acceptably low local recurrence rates. Since we will probably never have a randomized trial comparing "good" and "bad" surgeons, this argument cannot be settled. A further obstacle arises in the difficulty of persuading surgeons to organize their routine work so that it is performed in an optimal way by those specializing in this field. The question also arises whether radiotherapy should be delivered pre-operatively, postoperatively or as a "sandwich" technique, i.e., both pre-operatively and postoperatively. According to radio-biological considerations and results from reported trials, the best effect on local tumor control has been achieved using pre-operative radiotherapy.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The value of adjuvant radio(chemo)therapy for rectal cancer.

Radiotherapy has been used extensively as an adjuvant treatment with surgery for patients with rectal cancer. Present knowledge indicates that preoperative radiotherapy is more dose-efficient than postoperative radiotherapy in reducing local recurrence rate. Provided the dose is sufficiently high, the reduction exceeds 50% in all Dukes' stages and after both abdominal perineal excision and anterior resection. The effect on survival has not yet been proven but there are indications that survival may be slightly improved using preoperative radiotherapy, although the magnitude of this improvement is probably less than with postoperative chemotherapy. Of concern with all adjuvant treatments are the potential side-effects, and it appears that postoperative radiotherapy has more side-effects than preoperative radiotherapy, even if the reduction of local recurrences is less and proper radiation techniques are utilised.

Humans↗