Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Glick

Publications and source records attributed to B Glick.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Calorie-protein deficiencies and the immune response of the chicken I. Humoral immunity.

How dependent is the chicken on the calorie (C) and amino acid (AA) levels of the diet? This question was addressed by formulating diets that were two-thirds deficient in C and AA. Feeding the one-third C-one-third AA, one-third C and one-third AA diets for 5 weeks, in general reduced the primary response to 5% sheep red blood cells (SRBC) but not to .5% SRBC. The C/AA deficient birds were returned to a basal diet at 5 weeks and three weeks later reimmunized with SRBC. The secondary response, immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer, of the latter birds after 3 weeks on a basal diet was significantly lower than controls. Total serum protein was significantly depressed during the feeding of one-third AA diet. Transferrin, IgG, and IgM were not affected while albumin was significantly reduced. Gain in body weight was reduced in all groups receiving the C/AA deficient diets. Three weeks after repletion, all groups gained equally.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The effects of diurnal rhythms on immune parameters in New Hampshire chickens.

The influence of diurnal rhythms on several immune parameters was studied. When thymic-derived lymphocytes were collected 4 times during a 24-hour period, a variation occurred in the migration ability of these cells. The migration of T cells at 2:00 a.m. was markedly lower than at other time periods. Similar results were noted employing other T-cell tests: phytohemagglutinin wattle responsiveness and the graft vs. host assay.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The effects of a megalevel of vitamin C on the immune response of the chicken.

Birds fed diets supplemented with 1% vitamin C experienced significant increases in serum levels of vitamin C. Cell-mediated immunity and antibody response to sheep red blood cells, a T-cell dependent antigen, were not influenced by feeding megalevels of vitamin C. However, the antibody response to a T-independent antigen, Brucella abortus, was lower in neonates and higher in adults in the presence of increased levels of vitamin C.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Lectin-induced giant cell formation in the chicken wattle.

The fusion of mononuclear cells has been observed in inflammatory reactions and in cell culture experiments. This report describes the in vivo fusion of macrophages and their cytological structures. Thick (1 micrometer) and thin sections of wattle were prepared 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 hr after a single subcutaneous-wattle injection of phytohemagglutinin (PHA-P; .1 ml; 100 microgram) in saline. The injection of PHA-P induced withn 6 hr a blood borne mononuclear cell infiltration of the chicken's wattle. Giant cells (3 to 8 mononuclear cells) were found by 24 hr, reached a maximum number by 48 hr and declined perceptibly by 96 hr. After 48 hr the mononuclear cells possessed a well-developed Golgi apparatus, ergastroplasmic cisternae, and large amounts of glycogen-like granules which diminished by 96 hr. The influence of lectin on the glycogen content of macrophages is similar to published observatins on small lymphocytes and suggests a similar carbohydrate metabolism between these two cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Re-evaluation of the lymphocyte migration through the high-endothelial venules. Light and electron microscopic studies on the opossum's lymph node.

We have described two types of lymphocyte migration through the HEV. In the first case the lymphocytes do not show constriction ring during the diapedesis. 97% of lymphocytes migrate in this manner. In this migration pattern the lymphocyte gets through the endothelium by means of flexibility and pliability of the endothelium. It is suggested that these lymphocytes migrate into the blood from the lymph node. In the second case the lymphocytes undergo morphological changes, they form constriction ring and they migrate from the blood into the lymph node.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of complement inactivated rabbit antichick brain serum on thymic and splenic lymphocytes.

The effects on in vitro exposure of chicken thymic-dependent lymphocytes to complement inactivated rabbit antichick brain serum (RACB) previously absorbed with normal serum (ns) and kidney (k) [RACBns,k] was investigated. Spleen lymphocytes which normally initiate a 'graft vs. host' reaction give rise to much more intense reactions when treated with (RACB)ns,k. This may be due to increased antigenicity of the donor cell and/or stimulation of the donor T cell. Migration studies showed that chicken thymocytes are capable of in vitro migration which can be inhibited by exposure to (RACB)ns,k. Thymocytes pretreated with (RACB)ns,k were found to express factor(s) capable of inhibiting thymocyte migration. The correlation between lymphokines and increased splenomegaly was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The rate of absorption into the embryonic chicken (Gallus domesticus) of 3H-testosterone.

The maximum absorption of tritiated testosterone by 5-day old embryos occurred one hour after its application to the eggshell. This decreased to relatively low levels during a 77 hour period. When the hormone was applied at the eleventh day of incubation there was a relatively large initial uptake by the bursa, spleen and thymus in that order and a subsequent diminution. Activity absorbed by the spleen remained essentially unchanged throughout the experimental period. The bursa appeared to have the greatest affinity for the hormone.

Absorption↗
PubMed1979

Structure of the germinal centers in the chicken caecal tonsil: light and electron microscopic and autoradiographic studies.

The light and electron microscopic structure of the germinal center of chicken caecal tonsils were studied. Two kinds of germinal centers were revealed; the first was located deep in the lymphatic tissue close to the muscle layer of the caeca. These germinal centers frequently have an incomplete capsule, and are not, therefore, separated from the diffuse lymphatic tissue. The second kind of germinal center was located closer to the epithelium and had a complete capsule separating it from the diffuse lymphatic tissue. Both germinal centers possessed an outer dark cortical zone which contained smaller lymphoblasts (of less than 10 micron in diameter) and a central medullary area which contained larger lymphoblasts (up to 16 micron). Autoradiographic studies revealed that the small lymphoblasts of the outer cortical zone are concerned with cell generation and that the large lymphoblasts of the medullary area may have derived from the small lymphocytes. Within the medullary area of the germinal center are cells which are embedded in an intercellular substance of high density. We propose that the intercellular substance may be a product of this cell. For discussion purposes we have called this cell a secretory cell. The secretory cell may originate from a small lymphocyte-like cell.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

Thrombocyte migration and the release of thrombocyte inhibitory factor (ThrIF) by T and B cells in the chicken.

The elaboration of various inhibitory factors by sensitized lymphocytes has been reported for both mammals and birds. Until recently, the ability of the B cell to elaborate these had been questioned by a number of investigators. We have demonstrated the release of a lymphocyte inhibitory factor from the avian thymus and bursal lymphocyte. The avian thrombocyte is active in haemostasis as well as being a phagocytic cell. We have demonstrated that the ability of the thrombocyte to migrate, significantly exceeded that of thymic lymphocytes. Sensitized T and B cells, as well as activated supernatants from these cells, were capable of inhibiting thrombocyte migration. Treatment of sensitized B cells with anti-T-cell serum plus complement failed to eliminate this cell's ability to block thrombocyte migration. These data attribute the capability of elaborating a thrombocyte migration inhibitory factor to both the avian thymic and bursal lymphocyte, and attribute a degree of maturity to these cells not previously demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The chicken's femoral-lymph nodules: T and B cells and the immune response.

Femoral lymph nodules (FLN), which are barely perceptible in normal birds, after a footpad injection of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) may either significantly enlarge (responder) or remain reduced in size (nonresponder). There were approximately 38% T cells and 53% B cells in the FLN of responder chickens. Significantly more plaque-forming cells (PFC) developed in the FLN than in the spleen after a footpad injection of SRBC. Total antibody, mercaptoethanol- (ME) resistant, and ME-sensitive fractions were significantly higher in birds given i.v. than in those given footpad injections. There were no differences in PFC and agglutinin titers between FLN-responders and nonresponders. The number of PFC in FLN exceeded the number of splenic PFC previously reported. The high PFC response of the FLN may reflect the large percentage of B cells in this lymphomyeloid tissue or the presence of antigen-experienced B cells in the FLN. Although FLN may influence a systemic immune response its major role appears to be restricted to a local response.

Animals↗