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Biomedical subjects

B Faye

Publications and source records attributed to B Faye.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Effectiveness of syndromic approach for management of urethral discharge in Senegal].

The World Health Organization has proposed the syndromic approach for management of sexually transmissible diseases (STD) in countries where diagnostic laboratory tests are not consistently available. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach for treatment of ureteral discharge in Senegal. Twenty seven men presenting ureteral discharge underwent two-week treatment using a combination of cotrimoxazole plus tetracycline for suspected gonococcal and a chlamydial infections. Ureteral samples were collected before and after treatment to detect Neisseria gonorrhoeae by culture and Chlamydia trachomatis by direct immunofluorescence and ELISA. Results demonstrated successful treatment of all patients presenting gonococcal and chlamydial infections i.e. 84.6% of cases. Neither germ was detected in 15.4% of cases. Before treatment, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis or both were found respectively in 53.9%, 5.1% and 25.6% of samples respectively. Based on these findings we conclude that the syndromic approach was effective in 84.6% of cases but treatment was in adequation with STD biologically documented only with 25.6% of cases.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2002

[Injuries of permanent incisors: epidemiology and management in a public health clinic in Dakar].

This prospective study done in a dental care center in a near suburb of Dakar during a period between January 1999 and December 2000, bas shown that permanent incisors traumatism's frequency is about 10.30% (61 teeth) which come within common values of the literature; and a sex ratio of 2.25. These traumatisms concern central maxillary incisors (75.41%) on patients less than 20 years old; falls, violence and road accidents are the major etiology. The consulting time limit is quite disadvantaged to preserve pulp vitality and dental re-implant in case of recent traumatisms. 53.33% of old dental traumatisms are observed to patients between 20 and 40 years old. And overall 80.76% of endodontic treatments realised in this case were not finished. The control of pain and anxiety would ease the emergency treatment. The information's of patients about significance of the consulting time limit, their motivation on differed dental treatments and/or endodontic treatments, as well the post traumatic watch would improve the management and the prognostic by setting of a referenced dental care units.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2002

[Short term evaluation of 24 cases of endodontic retreatment].

This study shows and evaluates the quality of the new root canal filling and periapical healing about 24 cases of endodontic retreatment, equivalent of 7.76% of endodontic treatments done at the clinic. The main consultation purposes were pain (54.17%) and pre-prosthetic control (40.90%) on these patients. 75% of teeth were treated in a single session attempt to 45 minutes. The root canal filling is performed in 91.65% of cases, with the safe apical limit reached in 88.13% and 94.11% per apical healing toward a short term results.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[The place of radiography in endodontic treatment carried out in general practice in Dakar].

An investigation conducted over dental surgeons of 52 dental offices in Dakar and it's near suburb (40 from private sector and 12 from public and quasi-public) has shown that the use of retro-alveolar radiography during endodontic treatment was not systematic, due to the price of retro-alveolar film, waste of time and relative facility of the endodontic treatment of monoradicular teeth. The preparatory negative is favored (32.70%) particularly by private dental surgeons, who use two retro-alveolar films for endodontic treatment: pre and post operative radiography (30%). The immediate post operator control is executed only in case of post-operator pains by public and quasi-public dental surgeons (16.67%) with one retro-alveolar film on average for the endodontic treatment; at term any radiographic control is done. Three retro-alveolar films per endodontic treatment were exceptionally used (9.61%) and offset incidences (15%) are not much used as well as support-films (angulators). The retro-alveolar radiography is still a reliable guide for a clinical success in endodontic treatment with a minimum of three retro-alveolar films and offset incidences.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed2001

The use of multilevel models to evaluate sources of variation in reproductive performance in dairy cattle in Reunion Island.

Sources of variation in measures of reproductive performance in dairy cattle were evaluated using data collected from 3207 lactations in 1570 cows in 50 herds from five geographic regions of Reunion Island (located off the east coast of Madagascar). Three continuously distributed reproductive parameters (intervals from calving-to-conception, calving-to-first-service and first-service-to-conception) were considered, along with one Binomial outcome (first-service-conception risk). Multilevel models which take into account the hierarchical nature of the data were used to fit all models. For the overall measure of calving-to-conception interval, 86% of the variation resided at the lactation level with only 7, 6 and 2% at the cow, herd and regional levels, respectively. The proportion of variance at the herd and cow levels were slightly higher for the calving-to-first-service interval (12 and 9%, respectively) - but for the other two parameters (first-service-conception risk and first-service-to-conception interval), >90% of the variation resided at the lactation level. For the three continuous dependent variables, comparison of results between models based on log-transformed data and Box-Cox-transformed data suggested that minor departures from the assumption of normality did not have a substantial effect on the variance estimates. For the Binomial dependent variable, five different estimation procedures (penalised quasi-likelihood, Markov-Chain Monte Carlo, parametric and non-parametric bootstrap estimates and maximum-likelihood) yielded substantially different results for the estimate of the cow-level variance.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Food habits and oral hygiene of students. Investigation of 150 students in university housing].

The objective of this study is to describe the food intake and the oral hygiene habits of 150 Senegalese students living in a university campus. According to Miller, we realised a four days survey. We noted an increase of sugar drinks; tea is the most consumed drink. The results showed also that the toothbrush as means of oral hygiene supplanted the traditional means such as "cure dents" or water rinse with finger.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Oral hygiene habits and dental caries among students. Investigation of 150 students in university housing in Dakar, Senegal].

The objective of this study is to describe the oral hygiene habits and the status of the teeth decay of 150 senegalese students living in a university campus. The results showed that the toothbrush as mean of oral hygiene supplanted the traditional means such as "cure dents" or water rinse with finger. Results showed also a high rate decay (60%) but the CAO index remained low (2.04%). We founded an improvement of dental decay status with an increasing daily number of tooth brushing: we noted a decreasing dental plaque deposition rate, a decreasing decay rate and a CAO index remaining low until adult age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Outcome of endodontic retreatments at the Institute of Ondonto-Stomatology of Dakar (from 1986 to 1997].

The retrospective study on the endodontic retreatments done at the Odonto-Stomatology Institute of Dakar from 1986 to 1997 shows a small rate of 1.94% (unreached canalar root filling) for 4325 endodontic treatments. The endodontic retreatments concern almost women (54.76%), ageing between 20 to 30 years (45.24%); maxillary central incisors (21.43%) and first molars (21.43%). The clinical reason having conducted to a retreatment is prosthetic (46.4%) and symptomatic (38.10%); the immediate success rate of these retreatment stays favourable at 59.52%.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[A clinical study of composite restorations in anterior teeth using the Ryge criteria. Apropos of 120 cases performed at the University Hospital Center in Dakar].

In this two years retrospective study the authors determined the rate of survival composite restorations and evaluated clinically the remaining restorations by the Public Health Service (P.H.S.) criteria of Ryge. These restorations were performed by students using Heliomolar composite with scotchbond 2 adhesive dentin system. Results have shown that after two years, 98 (81.67%) out of 120 restorations were present and 51.2% were still working. Clinical evaluation of the remaining restorations needed replacement mainly because of severe color mismatch. Anatomic form and marginal adaptation were well scored after two years (score Alpha or Bravo). This study has shown that composite material is a valuable and effective technology for conservative treatment of anterior teeth in Senegal to avoid tooth extractions and prosthetic. However the knowledge about the type of composite material used must be improved and the operative procedures should be more controlled.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2000

[Pain in intracanal treatment. A clinical study apropos of 150 cases].

This study was conducted to determine the incidence of pain during and after root canal treatment. Complete debridement and root canal preparation was performed in first visit. The frequency of pain was recorded and evaluated in 150 patients receiving root canal treatment. Results has shown that incidence of pain was 6.66% root canal preparation in vital teeth and 21% in non-vital teeth (necrosis). Post-obturation pain occurred in 18.75% for vital teeth and 13.15% non-vital teeth (necrosis).

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1999

From 'ecopathology' to 'agroecosystem health'.

The 'epidemiologic revolution' of the 1960s arose in response to the inability of reductionist methods to provide practical solutions to the complex problems of health and production in livestock systems. In a farm, there are not only interactions between animal factors and herd husbandry factors such as feeding, housing, and microbiological environment, but also with a number of other 'non-animal' factors. For this reason, a 'global' or 'holistic' approach, aimed at explaining animal health status within the overall dynamic of a livestock production system, was developed in France under the title of 'ecopathology'. In ecopathology, the discipline of epidemiology is integrated into a systemic approach, including: the development of a preliminary conceptual model, sampling based on the structure of the livestock production system, the establishment of a field study by a multidisciplinary team, the organization and management of the animal health and production information, data analysis, the distribution of results to all participants and the development of a preventive medicine programme. The farm is also influenced by the social, economic and environmental setting to which it belongs. To account for this, a change of scale is necessary. The three elements of the livestock production system considered in ecopathology (farmer, herd and resources), at the level of the agroecosystem become a human community (farmers, consumers, decision-makers), an animal population, and the complex of human, social and economic conditions within the system. The concept of agroecosystem health is closely linked to the overall principle of improving the sustainability of the system. This and other measures of the health status of an agroecosystem can be assessed with methods developed by epidemiologists and other disciplines within a system's perspective. In this systems view, ecopathology provides a basis for assessing herd health whereas agroecosystem health develops the broader context into which ecopathology contributes.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed1999

[Incidence of postoperative pain in single session root canal therapy (study in black senegalese apropos of 96 cases)].

This prospective study was conducted during a period of 30 days in 96 patients to determine the incidence of postobturation pain after single-visit root canal treatment in black Senegalese people. The canals of all teeth were hand-prepared and filled with zinc-oxide-eugenol paste by a Lentulo spiral paste filler. Patients were asked to categorize their pain according to the following criteria: No pain, Slight pain, Moderate pain and Severe pain. The data were analysed statically with chi-square test to determine the relationship, if any, between the pain experienced and sex, age, tooth type, apical level of root filling and number of treatment performed in the single-visit. Results show that eighteen patients experienced pain (18.75%); our results are ranging between 10% and 25% described in the literature. No significant correlation was found between postobturation pain and any other factor with the exception of the apical length of canal filling. Characteristics of postobturation pain after root canal treatment performed in single-visit in Senegalese people presents the same features as described in international papers, that is, pain appears early and analgesic therapy is effective.

Black People↗
PubMed1999

[Effect and mechanism of action of Tinospora bakis roots on biliary secretion using in vivo models].

The aim of this study is to determine the choleretic properties of lyophilized aqueous extract of Tinospora bakis roots. For thus, we have used healthy and cholestatic Wistar rats. After administration of the extract (4 mg/100 g of weight) biliary flow, biliary acids flow, biliary glutathione and glucose concentrations were measured by specific methods. Comparative results between treated rats and non treated rats show: For healthy rats: a significant increase of biliary flow, biliary acids flow in the group of treated rats versus non treated healthy rats. There were no significant difference in the glutathione and glucose concentrations. For cholestatic rats: we noted also significant increase of biliary flow, biliary acids flow and glutathione concentration in the treated rats group. These results suggest that Tinospora bakis has a choleretic effect in vivo which depends on biliary acids and/or glutathione concentration.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Qualitative interaction between the observer and the observed in veterinary epidemiology.

The phenomenon of qualitative interaction between the research activity and the studied object exists in veterinary epidemiology, as in all observation-based disciplines. Observational studies carried out under farm conditions strongly involve the farmers and the farm's usual advisors in the data collection. This leads to various biological and sociological interactions between the observer and the observed that can modify the results of the study. Some methodological considerations are proposed in order to consider such qualitative interaction, from the designing of the study through to the interpretation of the results. Examples are presented to illustrate these ideas.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed1998

Comparative study of copper and zinc metabolism in cattle and camel.

At an experimental farm, five camels and five cows were fed a similar basal diet for 6 mo. They received oral trace element supplementation for 3 mo (day 22-112). This supplementation included zinc, copper, selenium, manganese, iodine, and cobalt, and corresponded to twice the requirements generally recommended for cows. Plasma copper and zinc concentrations were significantly lower in the camels (61 micrograms/100 mL for copper and 38 micrograms/100 mL for zinc) than in the cows (111 and 83, respectively). The supplementation had no effect on plasma zinc concentration in the camels in spite of the low observed values in this species. Liver copper concentration at the beginning of the trial was lower in the camels (9 ppm) than in the cows (35 ppm), and stayed at lower levels during the entire supplementation period. There was no clear difference in fecal excretion of copper and zinc between the camels and the cows. The results suggested that trace element requirements are lower in camels than in cows and that camels regulate their plasma zinc concentration at a very low level (< 40 micrograms/100 mL).

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Nitric oxide and isolated aortic contraction in a pregnant hypertension model by the inhibition of nitric oxide synthase in pregnant Wistar rats].

During gestation endothelium induces decreases in vascular responses to vasopressor agents but endothelium disease is followed by hypertension and enhanced vascular reactivity during preeclampsia. In a rat model of preeclampsia induced by NO synthase inhibition we study here isolated aortic contractions. From day 13 of gestation 2 groups of Wistar female rats were fed control (C) or nitro-arginine enriched diets (0.063%, i.e. 30 mg/kg/d) (treated) (T). On gestational day 20 systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg) is measured by tail cuff method and isolated thoracic ring aorta contractions are studied after depolarisation (KCl 60 mM) or norepinephrine (cumulative concentrations 10-9 M-10-5 M). After chronic NOS inhibition, hypertension develops: SBP is 154 +/- 2.17 in T and 116 +/- 3.75 in C, p < 0.01 and significant proteinuria (mg/d) appears: T, 63.4 +/- 21.6 versus C 3.08 +/- 0.48, p < 0.01. NO synthase inhibition in treated rats impairs the depressed contractile response obtained in the presence of endothelium in control rats but addition of L-arginine suppresses the effect of nitroarginine. Taking in account our results and those described in literature it appears that L-arginine treatment could ameliorate some pathologic pregnancies.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Long term evaluation of results of endodontic treatments of dental pulp necrosis (74 cases obturated by the monoconal technique].

Various factors may affect the outcome of root canal therapy. In this study 74 endodontocally treated pulpless teeth were evaluated: (43 with periapical radiolucency and 31 without periapical lesions). These 74 non surgical treatment were performed in 60 patients (26 men and 34 women) by undergraduated students. The overall success rate was 71.62%; the rate of success for cases with no periapical radiolucency exceeded 80% whereas only 62.8% of the cases with perapical radiolucency had undergone partial resolution or complete resolution. Only 17.1% of lesions demonstrated complete radiographic resolution 12 to 16 months after the endodontic treatment. Reasons that may explain the low success rate are lake of asepty, root canal preparation and root canal filling technique.

Dental Pulp Necrosis↗