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Biomedical subjects

B Delahunt

Publications and source records attributed to B Delahunt.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Wilms' tumour: a 30 year experience at Wellington Hospital.

Over the 30 year period from 1958-88, 20 cases of Wilms' tumour have been treated at Wellington Hospital. All eight patients presenting prior to 1976 have died. The 12 patients presenting after 1976 were treated according to the guidelines of the National Wilms' Tumour Study Group and ten of these are alive (mean follow up seven years). Four of the patients received preoperative chemotherapy and this was found to facilitate surgical removal of the tumour. The concept of partial nephrectomy in the management of Wilms' tumour is discussed. Retrospective analysis of this series has shown that this would have been a feasible management option in four of the cases reviewed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

Testicular germ cell tumor with pineal metastases.

A patient with a mixed testicular germ cell tumor (choriocarcinoma, teratocarcinoma and embryonal carcinoma) that had metastasized to the lungs, cerebrum, and pineal gland is presented. The metastases had resulted in localized neurological signs and initially, on clinical grounds, a primary intracranial lesion could not be excluded. The occurrence of tumor metastases to the pineal gland is discussed and the literature is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Ischaemic necrosis of the glans penis: a complication of urethral catheterization in a diabetic man.

Ischaemic necrosis of the glans penis is rare. Diabetic patients commonly have small vessel disease which may affect the penis. We report the case of a man with extensive diabetic vascular disease, in whom partial penectomy was necessary for ischaemia of the glans penis, following urethral catheterization. The decision to use a urethral catheter in diabetics, particularly those with evidence of vascular disease, must be made with the knowledge that internal compression caused by the catheter may cause irreversible ischaemic changes. In such patients, a suprapubic catheter should be considered as an alternative.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1990

Nucleolar organizer regions in seminoma and intratubular malignant germ cells.

Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), as demonstrated by a silver-colloid staining technique, have been counted in 71 primary testicular seminomas (typical seminoma (TS) 31, high mitotic index seminoma (HMIS) 24, and spermatocytic seminoma (SS) 16) and ten seminomas metastatic to retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Mean NOR counts were 14.36 for TS; 17.66 for HMIS; 10.89 for SS; and 17.70 for metastatic seminoma. Analysis of data using Student's unpaired t-test showed a significant difference between the NOR counts obtained from TS, HMIS, and SS. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between NOR counts in metastatic seminoma when compared with TS and SS but not HMIS. The association between tumor proliferation rates and intranuclear NOR numbers is discussed. In addition to a numerical variation, the NOR distribution throughout the nucleus was noted to be different in SS when compared with the other varieties of seminoma studied. The pattern observed had some features similar to those seen in cells of the spermatogenic series. The NOR technique was also applied to 19 cases of intratubular malignant germ cells (ITMGC). It was shown that these malignant cells were easily identified using this staining method and that the NOR distribution was similar to that seen in TS and HMIS. The mean NOR count in ITMGC was 16.41. This was significantly different from that of TS but not HMIS.

Dysgerminoma↗
PubMed1989

Colonic varices. Report of a case.

A 14-year-old girl who had colonic bleeding caused by colonic varices is described. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, radiography of the small and large bowel, and vascular studies of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries and the portal vein were all reported to be normal. Submucosal varices, however, were identified colonoscopically in relation to the hepatic flexure and the sigmoid colon. Dilatation of subserosal right colonic vascular channels was identified at operation. Right hemicolectomy was performed and there has been no further bleeding. No obvious mesenteric arteriovenous communications were identified histologically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Early berry aneurysm formation in Marfan's syndrome.

A detailed study of cerebral arterial forks by serial sectioning was made in a 33-year-old woman with typical Marfan's syndrome who died of septicemia following cardiac surgery. Two forks of the right middle cerebral artery exhibited the atrophic changes associated with early berry aneurysm formation indicating that the mode of development of these aneurysms is similar in both Marfan's syndrome and in non-Marfan subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Suicide by band saw.

Suicidal injuries caused by power tools have rarely been reported in the literature. The case of a 37-year-old white male schizophrenic patient who sustained a fatal self-inflicted neck injury from a band saw, while engaging in occupational therapy, is presented. Unusual features of this type of injury as noted at postmortem examination were the extent of the wound, the absence of hesitation injuries, and the presence of grease wipe, bone dust, and sawdust within the wound.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Volatile N-nitrosamines in urinary catheters.

Levels of volatile N-nitrosamines were measured in 10 brands of latex and 2 brands of silicone catheters using high performance liquid chromatography. The cytotoxicity of catheters from identical batches was determined by measuring the inhibitory effect of catheter extracts on the uptake of 3H-labelled thymidine into L-929 fibroblasts in culture (IC50). The most frequently encountered nitrosamines were N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine. Total N-nitrosamine levels in excess of 100 ng/g were found in 6 of the 16 catheters tested. When compared with the cytotoxicity of the catheters a significant correlation was found, with increasing nitrosamine content being associated with greater cytotoxicity. In view of the reported toxic and carcinogenic effects of these compounds it is suggested that the nitrosamine content of catheters be routinely monitored and safe regulatory limits be imposed.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1989

Dysplastic and malignant areas in hyperplastic polyps of the large intestine.

The clinical and pathological findings in a patient with 3 adenocarcinomas of the colon, 16 pure hyperplastic polyps, 1 hyperplastic polyp with adenomatous elements and 1 hyperplastic polyp with malignant transformation to adenocarcinoma within an area of adenomatous dysplasia are described. The possibility of neoplastic transformation of hyperplastic polyps is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Nucleolar organizing regions in renal cell carcinoma, renal oncocytoma and renal adenoma.

Nucleolar organizing regions (NORs), as demonstrated by the silver-colloid staining technique, have been counted in 75 renal cell carcinomas (20 grade 1, 22 grade 2, 17 grade 3 and 16 sarcomatoid), eight renal oncocytomas and nine renal adenomas. Mean NOR counts were 3.27, 6.28, 9.24 and 8.12, respectively, for grades 1, 2, 3 and sarcomatoid tumours, 3.09 for renal oncocytomas and 2.63 for renal adenomas. Analysis of data using the unpaired Student's t-test showed significant difference between NOR counts of grade 1, 2 and 3/sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma, and grades 2, 3 and sarcomatoid renal cell carcinomas when compared to renal oncocytomas and adenomas. The association between type and grade of tumour, NOR value and tumour proliferation is discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Renal cell carcinoma. II. Histological indicators of prognosis.

Tissue obtained from 102 renal tumours presenting over a 21-year period was reviewed in an attempt to identify histological features of prognostic importance. Statistical analysis showed the grade of nuclear pleomorphism to have a significant bearing on survival. Application of the proportional hazard model, and using the grade of nuclear pleomorphism as a baseline index, showed mitotic rate, pseudocapsule thickness and the presence of sarcomatoid tumour cells to have an independent association with survival. The presence of tumour cells with granular cytoplasm was correlated with outcome; however, this parameter was not independent of grade of nuclear pleomorphism. Tumour pattern, intensity of lymphocytic infiltrate, degree of fibrosis, necrosis and hemorrhage, and amount of haemosiderin and dystrophic calcification were found to have no association with survival.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1986

Renal cell carcinoma: I. Clinical indicators of prognosis.

A retrospective analysis was carried out on 162 patients presenting to Wellington Hospital with renal cell carcinoma between 1958 and 1978, to evaluate factors that may influence prognosis. Following radical nephrectomy the five year survival was 70% for stages 1 and 2, 53% for stage 3A and 13% for stages 3B and 3C. No patient with distant metastases survived this period. Those with renal vein or caval involvement had a significantly worse prognosis than those with stage 1 or 2 disease, and a significantly better survival than those with nodal spread. Once the tumour stage had been assigned as a baseline the influence of clinical, haematological and biochemical variables on the prognosis was analysed using a proportional hazard model. The only factor showing a significant independent association with survival was the presentation of the renal cancer as an incidental finding (p less than 0.01). The presence of anaemia or a low peripheral lymphocyte count may be independently associated with survival (p = 0.02, 0.08 respectively). Weight loss, symptoms length, the ESR, abnormality of liver function and tumour size, although associated when considered alone, do not have an independent association and therefore offer little added prognostic information. The age and sex of the patient were not related to survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The assessment of urinary catheter toxicity using cell cultures: validation by comparison with an animal model.

A cell culture technique for assessing the toxicity of urinary catheters is described. The inhibitory effect of catheter extracts on the uptake of 3H-labelled thymidine by L929 mouse fibroblasts and human prostate derived epithelial cells in culture was measured. The concentration of extract which depressed uptake to 50 per cent of control (IC50) was determined for catheters of different composition. When compared to the degree of inflammation caused by the same catheters in an animal model, a significant correlation was observed (rs = -0.87). As a result of this correlation, the cell culture technique has the potential to be used as a valid alternative to the animal model.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The assessment of catheter-induced urethritis using an experimental dog model.

A new experimental model for the assessment of urethral catheters is described. Fifty catheters, comprising brands of latex, silicone, teflon-coated latex and polyvinylchloride (PVC) were assessed. The silicone, teflon-coated latex and PVC catheters were shown to cause minimal inflammatory change of the urethral mucosa, whereas the latex catheters showed variable and more marked changes. The model was simple to establish, and gave reproducible results.

Animals↗