Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Daicker

Publications and source records attributed to B Daicker.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Microvasculopathy in the ocular fundus after bone marrow transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and time course of retinal and optic-disk ischemia after bone marrow transplantation and to describe the clinical, fluorescein-angiographic, and histologic findings in patients with these ischemic fundus lesions. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study; standardized clinical and ophthalmologic evaluation of all patients before bone marrow transplantation and 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation (and when indicated). SETTING: University hospitals in Basel, Switzerland. PATIENTS: Consecutive patients (127) treated with allogeneic or autologous bone marrow grafts. MAIN RESULTS: Thirteen of the 127 patients (10%; 95% Cl, 5% to 15%) had lesions of the ocular microcirculation. All patients had cotton-wool spots in the fundus of both eyes, and three patients also had bilateral optic-disk edema. Secondary changes included retinal hemorrhages and lipid deposits. The ischemic fundus lesions appeared during the first 6 months after transplantation and were reversible in 9 of the 13 patients. The lesions occurred only in patients who were treated with total body irradiation and were given cyclosporin A as prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease. CONCLUSIONS: Ischemic fundus lesions are a frequent complication after bone marrow transplantation. They were only observed in patients treated with total body irradiation and cyclosporin A. This combination of therapy appears to have an additive effect on the development of ocular and possibly generalized microvascular lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Simultaneous corneal transplantation in mucopolysaccharidosis].

We report the case of a 14 year old girl who obtained simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty for corneal opacity with functional loss as a consequence of a mucopolysaccharidosis typ Hurler/Scheie. Postoperatively, the host cornea displayed partial clearing. We discuss mechanisms possibly involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Oculocerebral malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A report of 5 cases].

Five patients, age 35 to 77, with histologically proven malignent ocular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (previously known as reticulum cell sarkoma) are presented. The clinical ocular findings (vitreous infiltrates, retinal infiltrates, anterior uveitis) were initially misinterpreted as "panuveitis". The usual antiinflammatory therapie a temporary diminution of the "uveitis" could be observed. Four cases showed a histologically proven CNS involvement. All the patients (except the one in whom the correct diagnosis was made post mortem) received cerebral radiation therapie, including the eyes. Under the radiation therapy the ocular findings disappeared within a few weeks. The longtime prognosis for the eye and quoad vitam is unfortunately not promissing.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[46-year follow up of malignant transformation of choroid nevus with vascularized surface drusen].

The unusual long and atypical clinical course of a prominent black choroidal tumor is presented. It was stationary for decades and became symptomatic for many years. The histologic findings post mortem showed a choroidal nervus with focal malignant change. Its symptoms were obviously caused by subretinal vascularized soft drusen. Only two histologic descriptions of this little-known change over choroidal nevi and two of histologically proven malignant transformations of choroidal nevi are published up to now.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[CMV retinitis in AIDS--a pre-final complication?].

The appearance of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS is regarded as an unfavourable sign, it was even considered in the first years of the HIV-epidemic to be a pre-final complication. The survival period after diagnosis of the retinitis is under virostatic therapy generally given as several months, only exceptionally as more than a year. We report here 3 cases of CMV retinitis in AIDS having an unusually long duration of 14-24 months. The clinical and histological results with the pecularities (resistance to therapy, optic atrophy, retinal atrophy with detachment, atypical peripheral fundus lesions) are presented. The importance of ophthalmological care of HIV-patients is indicated and a screening procedure is suggested.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

[Adenoma of the pigmented epithelium of the iris with endothelialization and descemetization in the horse].

The authors describe peculiar tumors with brown-white piebald anterior surface, which had grown bilaterally from the corpora nigra (C.N.) of an adult horse and occluded the pupils. The surgical procedure for removing the larger tumor and the postoperative treatment are described. The findings by light and electron microscopy suggest that the tumor represent a so-called adenoma of the iris pigment epithelium. The white patches on its surface consist of newly formed Descemet-like material produced by displaced corneal endothelial cells, which have probably grown on the tumor after contact with the posterior face of the cornea.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[HIV patient and eyes].

A large percentage of patients in stage IV of HIV infection (CDC classification) show changes in the ocular fundus. Most frequent are functionally unimportant cotton-wool spots resulting from a HIV-associated microvasculopathy. Infectious retinitis due to opportunistic organisms is in most cases caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV). Untreated patients may become blind. In case of general or local treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis with ganciclovir, sight may be preserved on a long-term basis. The ophthalmoscopic appearance of the typical changes and their histological substrate are presented, and modes of treatment are discussed. By direct ophthalmoscopy and visual acuity testing any physician can diagnose these fundus changes. Cotton-wool spots only require follow-up. In retinitis an ophthalmologist should be consulted. A screening procedure is suggested.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Retrolental cloudiness of the vitreous humor in the rat eye].

Small globular vitreous opacities were observed by routine slit lamp eye examinations in aged Sprague-Dawley rats. This finding occurs first in about 5% of the animals at the age of 58-89 weeks. In rats 101-134 weeks old, the incidence of this finding increases up to approximately 20%. Wistar rats show these vitreous opacities only rarely; and if so, they occur at the age of at least 101-134 weeks. The histological examinations revealed retrolental protein globules without any inflammatory response which probably consist of lens cortex material. The lenses showed a fragmentation with small gaps of the capsule at the posterior pole as well as posterior sutural cataracts. We believed that strain and age dependent degenerative changes of the posterior lens capsule are the cause of the extrusion of lens protein into the vitreous.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

[Homolateral episcleral metastasis or surgical seeding of a proton-irradiated ciliary body melanoma?].

In an eye with a proton beam-irradiated malignant melanoma of the ciliary body a second melanoma appeared episclerally on the opposite side of the globe. Microscopic examination did not show any connection to the primary tumor. The different possibilities of pathogenesis (bloodborn metastasis to the same globe, episcleral metastasis by conjunctival lymphatics, surgical dissemination due to the suturing of tantalum marks around the primary tumor) are discussed. The ciliary melanoma has spread over the iris despite the irradiation, probably as a result of insufficient irradiation of its anterior border. The results of histologic examination of the partially necrotic, partially viable irradiated tumor are considered with regard to the conservative tumor therapy administered.

Ciliary Body↗
PubMed1988

Cytomegalovirus panuveitis with infection of corneo-trabecular endothelium in AIDS.

The clinical history and the pathohistological findings of both eyes of a homosexual man with AIDS and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are reported. A CMV panuveitis with cytomegalic transformation of vascular endothelium was present in the posterior and anterior uvea as well as a typical CMV retinitis. In addition, a CMV infection of smooth muscle cells in the iris and ciliary body as well as of endothelial cells of the cornea and the aqueous drainage system were found for the first time.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Canthaxanthin retinopathy. An investigation by light and electron microscopy and physicochemical analysis.

The eyes of a patient with canthaxanthin retinopathy were obtained at autopsy and examined by light and electron microscopy. Various tissues of one eye were also studied by physicochemical methods. Morphologically, there were red, birefringent, lipid-soluble crystals in the inner layers of the entire retina. They were particularly large and numerous perifoveally, where they were also clinically visible, but they also occurred frequently in a ring-shaped form peripherally and, less frequently, equatorially. The crystals were located in a spongy degeneration of the inner neuropil, where atrophy of the inner parts of the Müller cells was noticed. The compound isolated from the retina was identical with synthetic canthaxanthin according to mass and proton-resonance spectroscopy. Quantitatively, the retina contained up to 42 micrograms canthaxanthin per gram of tissue besides a minor amount of other carotenoids. Of the other tissues of the eye, only the ciliary body contained measurable concentrations of canthaxanthin. From the great number and size of the crystals, on the one hand, and the relatively small amount of isolated canthaxanthin on the other, it was concluded that the crystals presumably represent a canthaxanthin-lipoprotein complex rather than pure canthaxanthin alone. Examination showed that clinically, only the central portion of the canthaxanthin thesaurismosis, where crystals are packed most densely, can be seen.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Wound healing of the corneal posterior surface in animal experiments].

Autoradiographic studies using tritiated thymidine as a precursor of DNA synthesis show that the process of wound healing of the corneal endothelium in both rhesus monkeys and rabbits following scarification and cryocoagulation takes place for the most part by means of cell proliferation. After injection of tritiated thymidine into the anterior chamber immediately prior to sacrifice, autoradiographically labeled flat mounts and cross-section preparations of the corneas of 7 rhesus monkeys and 14 rabbits were examined at lesion ages ranging from 4 hours to 10 days. In the monkeys scarcely 10% of the endothelial cells in the areas of the corneal lesions or at their borders were in the S-phase in the autoradiographically labeled flat mounts 24 hours to 3 days after injury, whereas up to 39% of those in the rabbits were seen to be so after 18 hours. In the monkeys one could discern mitoses between the 2nd and 5th days, and amitoses (binuclear cells) were found in 1-day and 3-day animals. In rabbits numerous mitoses could be discerned between the 1st and 5st days, but no multinuclear cells were seen. Healing of the corneal endothelium in the monkeys occurred some-what later and was less pronounced than in the rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Massive peripheral retinal sclerosis. Correlation between light and scanning electron microscopic findings.

Peripheral retinal sclerosis (PRS) is especially massive in cases of high myopia and retinitis pigmentosa. The distribution and configuration of the sclerotic formations in nine such cases were studied and compared by light microscopy and SEM. Different aspects of the sclerotic structures are described. It is shown that no formations of PRS lie isolated within the degenerated retinal tissue as could be supposed by light microscopy. They are always in multiple contact to or originate from the vitreo-retinal border layer and/or peripheral retinal vessels. This leads to the supposition that these preexisting collagenous structures participate in some way in the formation of PRS.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Constricting retroretinal membranes associated with traumatic retinal detachments.

The author describes the clinical, autoptical, light microscopical and ultrastructural features of a particular type of retroretinal membrane in four eyes with total rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after severe anterior segment trauma. The membranes originate from defects of the most posterior pars plana at the site of disinsertions or detachments of the ciliary epithelium. From here they spread over parts of the whole posterior face of the detached retina encircling and constricting its folds. These formations are primarily composed of fibrin and secondarily become populated by macrophages, fibroblasts, pigment epithelial cells, as well as fibrous astrocytes, and finally are organized. The significance of such membranes for the therapy and prognosis of posttraumatic detachments is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Iatrogenic teflon granuloma of the eyelid. (Teflon paste, an unsuitable filling material for plastic eyelid surgery)].

A paste of granular Teflon was injected into the upper lid of a patient for remodeling the upper palpebral furrow, which had been retracted by scars. Large foreign-body granulomas developed a few weeks later, necessitating two excisions. The causes of this unsatisfactory result with a filling material which is well established in laryngeal surgery are discussed. The authors advise against using it in well vascularized loose tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Multiple cotton wool spots following bone marrow transplantation for treatment of acute lymphatic leukaemia.

Three patients with acute lymphatic leukaemia developed visual impairment due to occlusion of small retinal vessels with multiple cotton wool spots after treatment which included whole body and skull irradiation followed by bone marrow transplantation and cyclosporin A. Withdrawal of cyclosporin A and treatment with corticosteroids was followed by recovery of visual acuity. This retinopathy and the retinal changes seen in the immunodeficiency syndrome are thought to be closely related. The possible role of cyclosporin A is discussed, though cotton wool spots and retinal haemorrhages have never been described in renal transplant patients during treatment with this drug. Withdrawal of cyclosporin A, which is highly effective in preventing graft-versus-host disease, can be fatal. Irradiation of the skull prior to bone marrow transplantation and intrathecal administration of methotrexate may be the most important factors causing the retinal ischaemic signs described here. The inclusion of an ophthalmologist in the team monitoring transplant patients would lead to increased documentation and a better understanding of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Mesectodermal leiomyoma of the ciliary body extending into the anterior chamber.

A neoplasm of the ciliary body extending from the equator to the iris and the anterior chamber was observed in an 18-year old girl. Because the visual acuity was lost and the clinical diagnosis was uncertain the eye was enucleated. Both optic and electron microscopic investigations allowed the diagnosis of the mesectodermal type of leiomyoma of the ciliary body.

Adolescent↗