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Biomedical subjects

B D Bhatia

Publications and source records attributed to B D Bhatia.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Enteric fever: a changing perspective.

All the cases of enteric fever admitted between 1988-1992 were studied. There was a gradual rise in the number of admitted cases. Central nervous system (CNS) complications like encephalopathy (14.9%), meningitis (8.8%), seizures (8.5%) and cerebellitis (3.4%) were noted more during 1991 and 1992. Other complications like myocarditis (4.6%), hepatitis (9.5%) and gastrointestinal bleeding were noted in increasing numbers during 1991-1992. Multidrug resistant (MDRT) cases were 46.3% in 1991 and 33.5% in 1992. There was a significant difference in the time taken for defervescence (a gradual rise) between the years but between the individual drugs there was no such significant difference. Deaths were noted only in 1991 and 1992 in cases of MDRT with complications. There has been an increase in resistance of S. typhi to commonly used drugs like ampicillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole. S. typhi resistant to ciprofloxacin was cultured in 2 cases each from 1990-1992. Further, the time taken for defervescence with ciprofloxacin also showed a gradual rise from 3.5 days in 1990 to 6.2 days in 1992. Nevertheless, ciprofloxacin is still the drug of choice for treatment of complicated cases of MDRT.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1994

Audit in maternal and child health.

Audit in medicine is a well tried means of assessing the quality of practice by using acceptable measures of outcome. Audit in maternal and child health has been limited to fatal outcomes such as maternal and perinatal deaths. The outcome of audit is of interest to the providers, the health authorities and the consumers. The utility of audit lies in effective use of data to improve quality of service. Quality control of instruments and education of junior staff are some other benefits of audit. The limitations of manpower, money, means, fear of litigation and above all dislike of clinicians for handling data are hurdles in the way of effective audit. The concept of 'Standard Primipara' and 'Total Fetal Wastage' are likely to add new dimension to perinatal audit.

Child Health Services↗
PubMed1994

Electrophysiological studies (MNCV and H-RL) in twin babies.

Twenty-six fullterm and eight preterm babies born of twin pregnancies were studied. Offsprings were subjected to measurements of weight, crown heel length and head circumference along with motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and H-reflex latency (H-RL) at right median nerve. The preterm twins had significantly lower MNCV and higher H-RL. The electrophysiological parameters did not vary in first and second born twins as well as in heavier and lighter twins. Three pairs of twins were available for follow-up study.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1993

Motor nerve conduction velocity & Hoffman's reflex latency in newborns.

A total of 72 newborns and their mothers were studied to assess the influence of various variables on the motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and Hoffman's reflex latency (H-RL) of the babies with a view to differentiate fullterm and preterm low birth weight babies. MNCV were significantly lower and H-RL significantly higher in preterm appropriate for gestational (PT-AGA) age babies compared to fullterm appropriate for gestational age (FT-AGA) and fullterm intrauterine growth retarded babies (FT-IUGR). In FT-IUGR babies, only MNCV was significantly reduced as compared to FT-AGA babies.

H-Reflex↗
PubMed1993

Perinatal mortality: a hospital based study.

Three thousand seven hundred and two deliveries between January and December, 1990 were the study subjects. The perinatal mortality rate (PNMR), stillbirth rate (SBR) and early neonatal death rates (ENDR) were found to be 57/1000, 35.1/1000 and 22.7/1000, respectively. The preterms had much higher PNMR, SBR and ENDR as compared to term babies. Term babies weighing > or = 2500 g had a PNMR of 18/1000. In preterm and term babies the mortality was reduced considerably with increase in birth weight (BW). The unbooked deliveries had significantly higher PNMR, SBR and ENDR compared to booked deliveries. The fall in PNMR compared to observations of a decade ago was due to a fall primarily in ENDR, with SBR remaining unchanged signifying failure of existing MCH set up. Nearly, 92% of ENDR were in first 72 hours which signifies the need for developing and strengthening the intensive care facilities along with timely referral of high risk mothers.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1993

Maternal and perinatal mortality due to eclampsia.

Forty-four mothers with eclampsia and their newborns managed during the year 1988 at the University Hospital of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi were analyzed. The incidence of eclampsia was 2.2% of all hospital deliveries. Eclampsia was more common in women (below 20 years) and at gestation of 36 weeks and below, and amongst the mothers deprived of antenatal care. The maternal mortality amongst cases of eclampsia was 31.8% and perinatal loss was 38.6%. A relatively high incidence of eclampsia and maternal and perinatal loss was considered to be related to lack of antenatal care and late referral to the hospital. Our findings suggest that more frequent use of properly timed cesarean section can improve the maternal outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Simple approach to acute respiratory infection in rural under five children.

The feasibility of acute respiratory infection (ARI) control in 5,535 rural preschool children was studied. The Primary Health Centre (PHC) staff and local practitioners (drug distribution centres) were identified and trained in recognition of moderate/severe ARI, referral, drug administration and in the education of the community. Functional ARI classification as envisaged in ARI control programme was followed. There was significant reduction in moderate (42% reduction) and severe (89% reduction) ARI episodes from year 1985 to 1987. Both ARI (27.8%) and non-ARI (18.3%) deaths showed reduction. Majority of children who died due to ARI were also unimmunized. The moderate and severe ARI related morbidity and mortality was significantly reduced in immunized children compared to unimmunized children. Although, strategies of National ARI control programme by health education, standard case management and strengthening of immunization is a good thought but it is clear that proper implementation of immunizations is going to pay more dividends. It is also evident that the local medical practitioners should be trained and involved in this control programme to have community faith as well as to avoid opposition.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Electrophysiological studies in preterm and growth retarded low birth weight babies.

Twenty-six fullterm intrauterine growth retarded (FT-IUGR) and 17 preterm appropriate for gestational age (PT-AGA) babies constituted study subjects. Offsprings were subjected to anthropometry (weight, crown-heel length and head circumference) and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) as well as H-reflex latency (H-RL) at right median nerve. The PT-AGA babies had significantly lower MNCV and higher H-RL compared to FT-IUGR babies. When intrauterine growth retardation was severe (weight group 1500-1800 g) the means for MNCV and H-RL between FT-IUGR babies and PT-AGA babies of comparable weight were similar. FT-IUGR babies weighing between 1800-2100 g had significantly higher MNCV and lower H-RL compared to FT-IUGR babies weighing < 1800 g. The FT-IUGR babies where all the three anthropometric parameters were retarded (symmetrical intrauterine growth retardation) had significantly lower MNCV and higher H-RL compared to FT-IUGR babies where weight alone or in combination with crown-heel length was retarded.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1993

Training of final year MBBS students in neonatal resuscitation.

Sixty final year MBBS students were trained in the art of neonatal resuscitation based on the 'NALS' course material. The students scored 11.6 +/- 3.02 in the pretest and 17.85 +/- 4.42 (out of 20) in the post-test. The trainees felt that the programme was extremely useful. Majority of them said that the course content was optimum with appropriate use of teaching-learning media. It is recommended that this training may be imparted to all the undergraduate students at the entry of final year MBBS course before their labor room posting so that they can have effective reinforcement of the training.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed1992

An unusual case of heteropagus twinning.

A 3-day-old boy baby presented with a cystic umbilical swelling covered mostly by skin and partly by amnion. On the surface, an early embryo-like structure was attached (facial features and limb buds). The deeper aspect of it was composed of large cystic and tubular structures and solid organs resembling liver and spleen. It was labeled as acardiac amorphous parasitic twin, the first of its kind to be reported.

Hernia, Umbilical↗