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Biomedical subjects

B Cramer

Publications and source records attributed to B Cramer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Sonography of neck masses in children: is it useful?

111 patients aged two days to 20 years with neck masses were examined by ultrasound. Results were compared to subsequent histo-pathological or clinical diagnosis. Sonography allowed us to divide neck masses into two groups, a sonospecific group in which an accurate presurgical diagnosis was made in 92%, and a non-sonospecific group. The sonospecific group contained 48 patients and included thyroid masses, cystic hygromas, certain cases of adenopathy and a cervical myelomeningocele. The non-sonospecific group contained 63 patients and included a variety of neck masses such as dermoid cysts, branchial cleft cysts, the majority of cases of adenopathy, hemangiomas, lymphangiomas and various other neoplastic masses. Sonography serves to delineate the extent of neck masses, define the relationship of the mass to the thyroid and major neck vessels and guide fine needle aspiration biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The accuracy of the plain abdominal radiograph in assessing colonic faecal contamination.

A prospective study of 333 out-patients assessed the accuracy of determining colonic cleansing from the plain abdominal radiograph. The results indicate that the amount of colon contaminated with faeces was significantly underestimated and the difference in efficacy between the best and worst preparation regimens could not be detected from the plain film. Nevertheless, plain films have been used in comparative studies of preparation regimens for barium enema. It is suggested that results so obtained are misleading and that comparisons are best made on barium films alone.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1983

[Epistemologic models in psychoanalysis].

The author proposes to make explicit various models underlying psychoanalytic epistemology. This is done in the spirit of enhancing dialogue with other epistemologies such as the theory of systems. Three main models are discussed: --the scientific model, based on the understanding of phenomena characterized by a splitting between object and subject according to the tradition of natural sciences; --the hermeneutic model, which proposes a search for meaning; --the intersubjective model, which centers all knowledge on the interrelation between analyst and patient. Crucial characteristics and drawbacks of these models are discussed; their necessary complementarity is presented.

Communication↗
PubMed1982

Routine colonic lavage is unnecessary for double-contrast barium enema in outpatients.

Four different cleansing regimens were assessed in a prospective survey of 435 patients referred for barium enema. A regimen using simple dietary instructions and laxatives is as effective as a preliminary cleansing enema. It is suggested that routine cleansing enemas in outpatients represent an unnecessary and uncomfortable ritual that might usefully be abandoned.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1982

[Computer tomography of retroperitoneal trauma (author's transl)].

Computer tomography changes after retroperitoneal trauma are described on the basis of 19 patients seen by the authors. It appears that this method is superior to conventional techniques, both as a screening method and for carrying out follow-ups. The indications for angiography are thereby reduced.

Fractures, Bone↗
PubMed1980

Rationalising abdominal radiography in the accident and emergency department.

A retrospective analysis is presented of 100 consecutive patients attending an accident department and referred for abdominal radiography. In general the reasons for requesting supine films appeared sound. Five per cent of referrals were for haematemesis which is not a valid reason for plain radiography. An erect abdominal film as a routine request is indicated only in suspected intestinal obstruction (4% in this series), but 83% of patients were referred for both erect and supine films. If haematemesis were excluded as a reason for X-ray referral, and if erect films were limited to suspected intestinal obstruction, 95% of the patients would still have been referred for radiography, but almost half the abdominal films would not have been required. This would have reduced film wastage, workload and more important, gonadal irradiation.

Adolescent↗