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Biomedical subjects

B Bron

Publications and source records attributed to B Bron.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Recent aspects of the suicide problem (author's transl)].

The problem of suicide is linked not only with psychiatric and psychological aspects, but also with sociological, ethical and legal, philosophical and theological problems. Significantly results of suicide research are represented by the psychoanalytic aspects of suicide as a conflict of aggression and narcissistic crisis, as well as by the description of the "presuicidal syndrome" (Ringel) and the structural analysis of the suicidal event. Today, suicidal syndromes are strikingly frequent among adolescents, the aged, drug addicts, dipsomaniacs and alcohol and other addicts in general as well as among psychotic patients. It is often particularly difficult to assess suicidality. Quite frequently the suicidal patient taxes the therapist's resources to a very high degree. Prevention of suicide must be considered as an important psychiatric and social challenge; the goal should be to correct the inner attitude of the person concerned and to influence and change the conditioning factors of the social environment. All preventive measures can be considered meaningful and justified only if they are directed not only at the preservation of life but also at the quality of the life led by the persons considered as suicide risks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Domperidone: a drug with powerful action on the lower esophageal sphincter pressure.

The action of domperidone is studied by manometry of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) in healthy volunteers. This antimetic and gastrokinetic is devoid of central nervous side effects because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier. A low dose of this drug, 10 mg i.v., was able to increase the LES pressure to 275% above the basal pressure. This effect was rapid and prolonged and not mediated bay gastrin. Because in vitro studies have shown that domperidone inhibits the dopaminergic system, this points to the role of dopaminergic receptors in the regulation of the LES pressure.

Benzimidazoles↗
PubMed1980

[Drug induced psychosis and schizophrenia in youth].

Among 233 young drug abusers with different drug-induced psychotic syndroms there were 84 patients whose psychosis showed a character of their own. Their drug-history and behaviour, specialities in their former life, in some cases also premorbid personality signs, mainly, however, psychotic diseases in their families and the psychopathological diagnosis showed statistical significant differences to other patients. The time of development of young people is an especially relevant prepsychotic situation, if it is influenced by drugs. There are a number of unanswered questions yet, for example why some patients under similar or equal prerequisites become drug abusers, while others get a psychosis, having its own laws. The cause of a drug-induced psychosis of its own laws among young people needs to be considered in several dimensions: effects of the drug, the individual constitution, factors of the specific personality, psychodynamic, reactive aspects in situations, as well as specific and typical factors in a phase of time. Clinical observation shows essential connections between the effects of the drug and a psychosis, having its own laws.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Prospective study of digestive tumor detection by endoscopy: a comparison of brush cytology and histology].

The diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic appearance, histology and brush cytology has been compared in a prospective study of 192 cases involving esogastric lesions. Macroscopic diagnosis of malignancy was more frequent in benign lesions (23/145) than in true malignancies (21/42). Histology was positive in 29/36 tumors and cytology in 23/36. In cytology there were no false negatives in esophageal tumors, but there were 52% false negatives in gastric tumors and 66% in carcinoma in situ. The combination of the 2 methods resulted in a correct diagnosis in 86% of the tumors in this study.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

[Death and dying in our time].

As modern technical medicine more and more progresses, more old and sick people die in hospitals. Therefore, there arise new tasks of dealing with dying people and their families, which the doctors and nurses are not sufficiently prepared for. The question of telling the truth to the patient and accompanying him during the process of dying is a problem of communication between doctor and patient, connected with many emotional conflicts not only for the dying patient, but also for doctor and nurses and people taking care of him. Since the management of dying people is often inhuman, it is necessary to integrate the subject of "death and dying" into the education of doctors and nurses.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1978

[Controlled trials of premedication of fiberendoscopy (author's transl)].

In four controlled studies on 771 consecutive patients we tested the value of premedication before passing a fiberendoscope. Following local anaesthesia of the throat, 10 mgs of diazepam in patients less than 60 years and 5 mgs in those over 60 years quickly injected intravenously caused a sufficient premedication for fiberendoscopy. Premedication with diazepam is better than placebo. We fell that omission of premedication is not justifiable. Flunitrazepam, for premedication, in doses of 1-2 mgs did not prove to be suitable. 20 patients were radiologically controlled for signs of aspiration following premedication and endoskopy. They showed no signs of aspiration.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain levels of bile acids in patients with fulminant hepatic failure.

Bile acid levels were measured in the sera, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain tissue of 10 patients immediately after death from fulminant hepatic (FHF). Serum bile acids in FHF were predominantly conjugated, and total bile acid levels were higher in all 10 patients than in normal controls (85.9 +/- SE 8.4 compared with 5.7 +/- 0.4 nmol/ml, P less than 0.001). Small but significant amounts could be detected in CSF (range 1.2-5.3 nmol total bile acid/ml) and brain biopsies (1.0-18.8 nmol/g wet weight) of FHF patients, whereas none could be detected in CSF and brain biopsies of patients dying without evidence of liver disease. There was no relationship between serum, CSF, or brain levels and duration of coma, or presence of cerebral oedema found in five FHF patients at necropsy. However, serum bile acid levels were similar in FHF to those found in chronic liver disease without encephalopathy and lower than those found to inhibit brain respiration in vitro. A primary role for these compounds in the pathogenesis of coma in FHF therefore seems unlikely.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Analysis of chronic psychotic states in young drug-addicts (author's transl)].

60 young drug-addicts with prolonged psychotic states have been examined. Taking account of the family situation and psychosocial development, of typical timing and drug-specific factors the psychopathologic picture is described as to its course and the multiple effects of drugs. An existing psychosis may be the motive for drug-taking in special ways. On the other hand there is with many patients a coincidence in time between drug-addiction and manifestation of the psychosis. Psychoses independent from drugs i.e. running their own specific course, are seen remarkably often. They cannot be distinguished phenomenologically from endogenous psychoses and end up quite often in a number of defects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[The problem of death in current medicine].

The actual question of the determination of the time of death and the transplantation of organs have made the phenomenon of death in a special way important nowadays and have opened a new area of tasks, especially for the subject of neuropsychiatry. A reflection and discussion of the problem of death can only be possible in the context of actual historical and sociocultural developments. Regarding a fundamental reflection of the phenomenon of death in medicine and a physician's work, the author names especially the philosophical, theological, sociological, and psychological aspects of death.

Death↗
PubMed1976

[Attemted suicide in adolescents].

The suicidal history of 91 adolescents aged between 14 and 25 years is examined. There are predominantly crises of juvenile development, abnormal young personalities, neurotic depression and psychoses. The questions of broken-home-situations or chronic conflicts and actual motives leading to the suicide attempts are analyzed. Psychoanalytic aspects, the various tendencies leading to suicide attempts and problems of contemporary history and prophylaxis are discussed.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1976

[Differential diagnosis and syndrome-genetic problems and aspects of drug-induced psychoses in juveniles (author's transl)].

Acute and chronic psychotic states in juvenile drug addicts demand careful observation of syndrome-genetic and differential diagnostic factors. Not only the diagnosis of a schizophrenic or affective juvenile psychosis and their differentiation from phase-specific developmental crises may often be difficult. A further problematic field are special aspects of symptomatic psychoses and particularly states due to drug addiction with hashish, LSD and amphetamines and the effect of drugs on already existing endogenous psychoses. This demands subtile phenomenologic description and syndrome-genetic assessment. One will have to take into account the complexity of drug effects and whether a psychosis existed already before addiction, whether drugs have provoked a latent psychosis, whether a purely symptomatic psychosis mimics a schizophrenia or whether irreversible personality changes with secondary psychotic behavior have developed.

Acute Disease↗