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Biomedical subjects

B Blackwell

Publications and source records attributed to B Blackwell.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Sick-role susceptibility. A commentary on the contemporary data base (1989-1991) and classification system.

A brief review of the historical and current status of the 'sick-role' concept is followed by an extensive literature survey of 526 articles published on the sick role since 1989. The commentary discusses measurement and research issues and then examined the areas of enquiry and trends from a biological, psychological, social and cultural perspective. Questions are raised about the significance of the data base from the view-point of classification and treatment. A descriptive and therapeutic model is proposed.

Culture↗
PubMed1992

Compliance.

Compliance is an ancient topic subjected to intense recent scrutiny as a result of scientific and social changes which focus on lifestyle adjustment to chronic illness and emphasize increasing patient involvement in self-care. Difficulties in definition, measurement and research design as well as the complexity of the problems contribute to conflicting findings and a lack of consensus about determinants of compliance. Five conceptual models have been studied but only a few positive and negative factors have been consistently identified, perhaps because outcome is often influenced by subtle attitudes, beliefs and quality of life considerations. Management involves both education and a variety of interventions that range from simple single strategies to complex multimodal approaches in which the patient's role may vary from being a passive participant of professional supervision to complete autonomy and self-care.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1988

Case review and quantity of outpatient care.

Case review for patients belonging to a health maintenance organization was implemented in a hospital-based, multidisciplinary, outpatient clinic after the influx of 28,000 Medicaid enrollees. One-year follow-up of 138 patients with prepaid mental health insurance and 283 patients with fee-for-service mental health insurance revealed an annual mean of 6.1 treatment sessions; 78% completed treatment within eight sessions. The modal treatment was a single visit. Prepaid and fee-for-service patients did not differ in amount of care, although significant differences were found for insurance subgroups. These preliminary results suggest that case review has little effect on quantity of care.

Fees, Medical↗
PubMed1987

Behavioral medicine programs in teaching hospitals.

Behavioral medicine is a relatively new interdisciplinary field which combines biomedical and behavioral science knowledge, and applies them to prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. Behavioral medicine programs provide a valuable service to patients with chronic illness, psychosomatic or functional disorders, treatment noncompliance, and behavioral risk factors. Behavioral medicine faculty are also active in teaching and research on patient behavior, interviewing skills, health promotion and counseling, and management of chronic illnesses. However, the survival of behavioral medicine programs in teaching hospitals depends on their economic viability and academic status. Positive action is needed to ensure their continued growth and development.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1987

Don't bet on it.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Humanizing the student--cadaver encounter.

In a recently accredited medical school, the curriculum, which emphasizes the psychologic and social aspects of disease, includes innovative features aimed toward training students to provide humanistic health care in underserved areas. As part of this curriculum, an educational experiment was designed to explore issues concerning the medical student's first exposure to a cadaver. The authors describe the experiment as it evolved over a three-year period, and they discuss its value based on student evaluation and faculty opinion.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1979

Psychotropic drugs: a biopsychosocial approach.

A biopsychosocial theory and approach to drug-seeking behavior suggests new questions for the family physician to ask his patient when psychotropic drugs are being considered. The theory and rational guidelines for prescribing allow the physician to make more appropriate decisions when faced with difficult situations. Pharmacotherapy can then be directed toward alleviating anxiety that inhibits the patient's existing coping skills or toward activating the depressed/apathetic patient to use his existing skills. With this approach, social, psychologic and biologic coping devices can be simultaneously mobilized.

Drug Prescriptions↗
PubMed1978

Teaching medical students about treatment compliance.

Poor patient compliance is common in clinical practice but difficult to demonstrate to medical students in a convincing manner. To accomplish this, the authors asked medical students who preregistered for a conference on patient compliance to adopt the role of "patient" and to take "medication" (Vitamin C) for one week, to observe certain dietary restrictions, and to complete an attitude and health beliefs questionnaire. The educational impact was intensified by making prior predictions about outcome which were almost exactly confirmed. The predictions concerned failure to fill the prescription, extent and type of noncompliance, and significant differences in attitudes between compliant and noncompliant students. The attitudes of the students resembled those of noncompliant patients asked to take medication for nonsymptomatic disorders (such as hypertension). Those students who participated in the drug-taking experience rated the educational impact of the conference more highly than did those students who attended the conference but did not take part in the drug project.

Attitude to Health↗