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Biomedical subjects

B Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to B Andersen.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Serum levels and clearance of bile acids are unaffected by jejunoileal bypass with 3:1 or 1:3 jejunoileal ratio.

Jejunoileal bypass may impair liver function. The hypothesis of the present study was that this may depend on the jejunoileal ratio of the segment left in continuity in a manner that affects the transport of bile acids from blood to bile. We investigated five extremely obese patients before and 29 patients 3, 9 and 15 months after bypass surgery with a 3:1 or 1:3 jejunoileal ratio of the functioning segment. Routine liver function tests, plasma disappearance rate of intravenously administered 3H-cholic acid and 14C-24-chenodeoxycholic acid, and fasting and postprandial serum concentrations of total 3-alpha-hydroxy bile acids showed no appreciable significant relationship with bypass surgery as such, time after surgery, or the jejunoileal ratio of the functioning segment.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cholesterol saturation of bile after jejunoileal bypass increases more with a 1:3 than with a 3:1 jejunoileal ratio.

Previous suggested, surprisingly, that after jejunoileal bypass surgery the lithogenicity of the bile, assessed by its cholesterol saturation and rate of gallstone formation, increases more with a 1:3 than with a 3:1 jejunoileal ratio of the functioning segment. The present study re-evaluates this by examining fasting bile samples drawn from duodenum after cholecystokinin stimulation in 34 obese patients without gallstones, who either were waiting for or had had bypass surgery, with a 1:3 or 3:1 jejunoileal ratio, 3,9, or 15 months earlier. In all groups, the cholesterol content exceeded the solubilizing capacity of the bile as determined on the basis of total lipid concentration and content of phospholipid relative to bile acids. The cholesterol supersaturation increased with bypass surgery as such, increased more with a 1:3 than with a 3:1 jejunoileal ratio, decreased with time after surgery, and reached the preoperative level at 15 months. Assuming a total lipid concentration of 10 g/dl in the bile did not change this pattern. Our results indicate that during the period of weight loss after bypass surgery the lithogenicity of gallbladder bile increases more with a 1:3 than with a 3:1 jejunoileal ratio.

Bile↗
PubMed1981

Randomised trial comparing Proximate stapler with conventional skin closure.

The Proximate stapler was compared with usual skin closure in a randomized trial, with 137 patients having elective abdominal and breast surgery. The median duration of skin closure with the Proximate stapler was 80 seconds, which was significantly shorter than the median of 242 seconds with conventional closure. No difference was found with regard to wound infection, but pain was more frequent after stapling.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1980

Lack of deviation from Michaelis--Menten kinetics for pig heart fumarase.

Studies of steady-state kinetics of fumarase in the usual substrate-concentration range from 0.1 Km to 10 Km and in the high substrate-concentration range from 10 Km to 200 Km are described. The purpose is to investigate reports of substrate inhibition and oscillatory kinetics. In the normal substrate-concentration range, no deviations from hyperbolic kinetics were found, and in the extended concentration range, up to more than 200 times the Km value, no substrate inhibition was demonstrated. A discussion of the discrepancies between the mentioned reports of deviations from the hyperbolic kinetics and the present findings is given.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Polyglycolic acid, silk, and topical ampicillin. Their use in hernia repair and cholecystectomy.

The effect of topical ampicillin sodium and polyglycolic acid and silk sutures on the recurrence of an existing hernia or an incisional hernia and on infection rates in clean abdominal wounds (herniotomies and simple cholecystectomies) was studied in a triple-blind, randomized trial with 398 consecutive patients. One infection, three suture sinuses, and two incisional hernias occurred among 113 patients with cholecystectomies, while the corresponding rates in 285 patients with hernia repairs were 11 infections, no suture sinuses, and three recurrent hernias. No effect of ampicillin could be demonstrated, nor was any difference between polyglycolic acid and silk sutures shown. No interaction between the antibiotic and suture material was found, and no side effects were observed. Wound infection was significantly more frequent in patients with postoperative seromas or hematomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Peptidase activities in the functioning jejunum and ileum before and after jejunoileal bypass in morbid obesity.

Different peptidase activities were studied preoperatively and postoperatively on intestinal biopsy specimens from patients with jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity. Preoperatively the activities of the brush border peptidases, microvillus aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (EC 3.4.14.X), were lowest at the ligament of Treitz and highest in the distal ileum. The activity of the other brush border peptidase studied, the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2), had a maximum at proximal jejunum, like the two cytosol dipeptidases glycyl-leucine dipeptidase (EC 3.4.13.2) and proline dipeptidase (EC 3.4.13.9). Postoperative changes in peptidase activities were most pronounced in the ileal part of the shunt, whereas changes were small in the jejunal part. The most conspicuous finding was a significant increase in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in the ileum. There was also tendency to an increase of the cytosol dipeptidases in the ileum. In contrast, the activity of microvillus aminopeptidase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV in the ileum had a tendency to decrease.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Risk of gallstone formation after jejunoileal bypass increases more with a 1:3 than with a 3:1 jejunoileal ratio.

The rate of gallstone formation after jejunoileal bypass and the influence on the rate of the jejunoileal ratio of the functioning segment were assessed in 265 obese patients without stones in the gallbladder. After on the average 20.1 months of observation 231 patients were adequately examined for gallstones, which had developed in 2 (4%) out of 46 unoperated patients, in 9 (9%) out of 100 with a 3:1 jejunoileal ratio, and in 17 (20%) out of 85 with a 1:3 jejunoileal ratio of the functioning segment of the bypass. This result suggests that the association of ileal dysfunction and gallstone formation depends on the length of the functioning jejunum, which, according to previous studies, may reduce bile lithogenicity by stimulating bile salt synthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Findings in percutaneous transhepatic portography and variceal bleeding in cirrhosis.

Percutaneous transhepatic portography was performed upon 57 patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Forty-nine patients experienced one or more bleeding episodes from gastroesophageal varices. The portographic findings and the free portal pressure were compared with the occurrence and severity of variceal bleeding. The occurrence of bleeding was related to the large cephalad collaterals from the splenic vein and the short gastric veins and coronary vein arising from the splenic vein, and to high portal pressure. The severity of the bleeding was directly related to the same collaterals and to the degree of extrahepatic shunting. No consistent relationships were noted between variceal bleeding and other collateral systems, including gastroesophageal varices. The results possibly indicate that, in patients with cirrhosis, percutaneous transhepatic portography may be of value in planning treatment and assessing the prognosis.

Adult↗